Occulomotor Nerve

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5c. The Oculomotor Nerve
(N. Oculomotorius; Third Nerve)
 * The oculomotor nerve (Figs. 775, 776, 777)
 * The oculomotor nerve does not supply somatic motor fibers to the Obliquus superior
 * The oculomotor nerve does not supply somatic motor fibers to Rectus lateralis
 * The oculomotor nerve supplies somatic motor fibers to the superior rectus.
 * The oculomotor nerve supplies somatic motor fibers to the inferior rectus.
 * The oculomotor nerve supplies somatic motor fibers to the medial rectus.
 * The oculomotor nerve supplies somatic motor fibers to inferior obliques.
 * The oculomotor nerve supplies somatic motor fibers to the levator palpabrae.
 * The oculomotor nerve supplies sympathetic motor fibers to the Sphincter pupillae via the ciliary ganglion.
 * The oculomotor nerve supplies sympathetic motor fibers to the Ciliaris muscles via the ciliary ganglion.

http://www.bartleby.com/107/Images/large/image775.gif FIG. 775– Plan of oculomotor nerve. (See enlarged image)
 * The fibers of the oculomotor nerve arise from a occulomotor nucleus in the floor of the cerebral aqueduct
 * The fibers of the oculomotor nerve extends in front of the aqueduct for a short distance into the floor of the third ventricle.
 * The fibers of the oculomotor nerve pass forward through the tegmentum, the red nucleus, and the medial part of the substantia nigra, forming a series of curves with a lateral convexity,
 * The fibers of the oculomotor nerve emerge from the oculomotor sulcus on the medial side of the cerebral peduncle.
 * The occulomotor nucleus does not consist of a continuous column of cells, but is broken up into a number of smaller nuclei, which are arranged in two groups, anterior and posterior.
 * Those of the posterior group are six in number, five of which are symmetrical on the two sides of the middle line, while the sixth is centrally placed and is common to the nerves of both sides. The anterior group consists of two nuclei, an antero-medial and an antero-lateral (Fig. 762).
 * occulomotor nucleus considered can be subdivided into several smaller groups of cells, each group controlling a particular muscle from a physiological standpoint.
 * On emerging from the brain, the nerve is invested with a sheath of pia mater, and enclosed in a prolongation from the arachnoid. It passes between the superior cerebellar and posterior cerebral arteries, and then pierces the dura mater in front of and lateral to the posterior clinoid process, passing between the free and attached borders of the tentorium cerebelli. It runs along the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus, above the other orbital nerves, receiving in its course one or two filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and a communicating branch from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal.
 * the oculomotor nerve divides into ramus superior of occulomotor nerve and ramus inferior of occulomotor nerve  at the superior orbital fissure, between the two heads of the Rectus lateralis.
 * the oculomotor nerve is placed below the trochlear nerve at the superior orbital fissure.
 * the oculomotor nerve is placed below the frontal and lacrimal branches of the ophthalmic nerve,at the superior orbital fissure.
 * at the superior orbital fissure, the nasociliary nerve is placed between two rami of the occulomotor nerve.	  5
 * The superior ramus of the oculomotor nerve, is smaller than inferior
 * The superior ramus of the oculomotor nerve passes medialward over the optic nerve,
 * The superior ramus of the oculomotor nerve supplies the Rectus superior and Levator palpebræ superioris.
 * The inferior ramus of the occulomotor nerve is the larger than superior
 * The inferior ramus of the occulomotor nerve divides into three branches.
 * ramus superior of occulomotor nerve passes beneath the optic nerve to the Rectus medialis;
 * ramus inferior  go to the Rectus inferior.
 * the third and longest runs forward between the Recti inferior and lateralis to the Obliquus inferior.
 * From the last a short thick branch is given off to the lower part of the ciliary ganglion, and forms its short root.
 * All these branches enter the muscles on their ocular surfaces, with the exception of the nerve to the Obliquus inferior, which enters the muscle at its posterior border.