1st round all

Sentence ID: 1

The {fore-brain [FMA61992:Forebrain]} or {prosencephalon [FMA61992:Forebrain]} consists of : ( 1 ) the {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]}, corresponding in a large measure to the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} ; The {fore-brain [FMA61992:Forebrain]} or {prosencephalon [FMA61992:Forebrain]} consists of : ( 1 ) the {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]}, corresponding in a large measure to the the structures which bound {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} ; The {fore-brain [FMA61992:Forebrain]} or {prosencephalon [FMA61992:Forebrain]} consists of : ( 2 ) the {telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]}, comprising the largest part of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} , viz. , the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} ;

Sentence ID: 2

{cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} are intimately connected with each other across the middle line. {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} contains a large cavity, named the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 3

The {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} communicate through the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} with the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} ; The {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} are separated from each other by a medial septum, the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ;

Sentence ID: 3

the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} contains a slit-like cavity, which does not communicate with the ventricles.

Sentence ID: 4

The {Diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]}.

Sentence ID: 5

- The {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} is connected above with the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} ; behind with the {mid-brain [FMA61993:Midbrain]}. - The {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} is connected in front with the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} ; behind with the {mid-brain [FMA61993:Midbrain]}.

Sentence ID: 6

{diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} 's upper surface is concealed by the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ; {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} 's upper surface is covered by a fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}, named the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} ;

Sentence ID: 6

inferiorly {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} reaches to the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}.

Sentence ID: 7

The {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} comprises : ( 1 ) the {thalamencephalon [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} comprises : ( 2 ) the {pars mamillaris hypothalami [FMA62029:Posterior hypothalamic region]}. The {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} comprises : ( 3 ) the posterior part of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 9

For descriptive purposes, however , it is more convenient to consider the whole of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} together ; For descriptive purposes, however , it is more convenient to consider the whole of {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's boundaries together ;

Sentence ID: 9

to consider the whole of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} and {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's boundaries together necessitates the inclusion, under this heading , of the {pars optica hypothalami [FMA62027:Anterior hypothalamic region]}. to consider the whole of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} and {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's boundaries together necessitates the inclusion, under this heading , of the corresponding part of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} - structures which properly belong to the {telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]}.

Sentence ID: 10

The {Thalamencephalon [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 11

- The {thalamencephalon [FMA62007:Thalamus]} comprises : ( 1 ) the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. - The {thalamencephalon [FMA62007:Thalamus]} comprises : ( 2 ) the {metathalamus [FMA62023:Metathalamus]} or {corpora geniculata [FMA62023:Metathalamus]}. - The {thalamencephalon [FMA62007:Thalamus]} comprises : ( 3 ) the {epithalamus [FMA62009:Epithalamus]}, consisting of the {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]}. - The {thalamencephalon [FMA62007:Thalamus]} comprises : ( 3 ) the {epithalamus [FMA62009:Epithalamus]}, consisting of the the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]}. - The {thalamencephalon [FMA62007:Thalamus]} comprises : ( 3 ) the {epithalamus [FMA62009:Epithalamus]}, consisting of the the {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]}.

Sentence ID: 13

The {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ( {optic thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ) are two large ovoid masses, situated one on either side of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. The {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ( {optic thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ) are two large ovoid masses, reaching for some distance behind {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} cavity.

Sentence ID: 14

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} measures about 4 cm. in length. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} presents two extremities, an anterior and a posterior. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} presents four surfaces, superior. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} presents four surfaces, inferior. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} presents four surfaces, medial. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} presents four surfaces, lateral.

Sentence ID: 16

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's anterior extremity is narrow ; {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's anterior extremity lies close to the middle line. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's anterior extremity is narrow ; {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's anterior extremity forms the posterior boundary of the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}.

Sentence ID: 17

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's posterior extremity is expanded. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's posterior extremity is directed backward and lateralward. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's posterior extremity overlaps the {superior colliculus [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]}.

Sentence ID: 18

Medially {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's posterior extremity presents an angular prominence, the {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]} , which is continued laterally into an oval swelling , the {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]}. beneath the {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]}, is a second oval swelling , the {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]}. separated from {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]} by the {superior brachium [FMA72417:Brachium of superior colliculus]}, is a second oval swelling , the {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]}.

Sentence ID: 19

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is free. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is slightly convex. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is covered by a layer of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, termed the {stratum zonale [FMA83905:Stratum zonale of thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 20

{stratum zonale [FMA83905:Stratum zonale of thalamus]} is separated laterally from the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} by a white band, the {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]}. {stratum zonale [FMA83905:Stratum zonale of thalamus]} is separated laterally from the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} by the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]}.

Sentence ID: 21

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is divided into a medial portion by an oblique shallow furrow which runs from behind forward and medialward ; {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is divided into a lateral portion by an oblique shallow furrow which runs from behind forward and medialward ; {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is divided into a medial portion by an oblique shallow furrow which corresponds with the lateral margin of the fornix ; {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is divided into a lateral portion by an oblique shallow furrow which corresponds with the lateral margin of the fornix ;

Sentence ID: 21

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface 's lateral part forms a portion of the floor of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} ; {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface 's lateral part is covered by the epithelial lining of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} ;

Sentence ID: 21

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface 's medial part is covered by the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]}. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface 's medial part is destitute of an epithelial covering.

Sentence ID: 22

In front, {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is separated from {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's medial surface by a salient margin , the {tænia thalami [FMA78461:Tenia of thalamus]} , along which the epithelial lining of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} is reflected on to the under surface of the {tela chorioidea [FMA242849:Tela choroidea]}.

Sentence ID: 23

Behind, {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is limited medially by a groove , the {sulcus habenulæ [FMA78466:Habenular sulcus]} , which intervenes between {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface. Behind, {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's superior surface is limited medially by a groove , the {sulcus habenulæ [FMA78466:Habenular sulcus]} , which intervenes between a small triangular area , termed the {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]}.

Sentence ID: 24

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's inferior surface rests upon. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's inferior surface is continuous with the upward prolongation of the tegmentum ( {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} ), in front of which {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's inferior surface is related to the {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]}.

Sentence ID: 25

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's medial surface constitutes the upper part of the lateral {wall of the third ventricle [FMA242776:Wall of third ventricle]}. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's medial surface is connected to the corresponding surface of the opposite {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} by a flattened gray band, the {massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} ( middle or gray commissure ).

Sentence ID: 26

{massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} averages about 1 cm. in {massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} 's antero-posterior diameter :

Sentence ID: 28

{massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} sometimes consists of two parts. {massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} occasionally is absent.

Sentence ID: 29

{massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} contains {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]} ; {massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} contains {nerve fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} ;

Sentence ID: 29

a few of the latter may cross the middle line, but most of them pass toward the middle line. a few of the latter may cross the middle line, but most of them then curve lateralward on the same side.

Sentence ID: 30

{Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's lateral surface is in contact with a thick band of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} which forms {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]}. {Thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's lateral surface is in contact with a thick band of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} which separates the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} from the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]}.

Sentence ID: 31

Structure.

Sentence ID: 32

- The {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} consists chiefly of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}. - {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's upper surface is covered by a layer of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, named the {stratum zonale [FMA83905:Stratum zonale of thalamus]}. - {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's lateral surface by a similar layer termed the {lateral medullary lamina [FMA62469:Lateral medullary lamina of globus pallidus]}.

Sentence ID: 33

{thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} is incompletely subdivided into three parts - anterior, medial , and lateral - by a white layer , the {medial medullary lamina [FMA62079:Internal medullary lamina]}.

Sentence ID: 34

{thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's anterior part comprises the {anterior tubercle [FMA74867:Anterior tubercle of diencephalon]}. {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's medial part lies next the lateral {wall of the third ventricle [FMA242776:Wall of third ventricle]}. the lateral and largest part is interposed between the medullary laminæ. the lateral and largest part includes the {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]}.

Sentence ID: 35

{thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's lateral part is traversed by numerous fibers which radiate from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} into the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]}. {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's lateral part is traversed by numerous fibers which pass through the latter to the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 36

anterior parts are built up of numerous nuclei, the connections of many of which are imperfectly known.

Sentence ID: 37

Connections.

Sentence ID: 38

- The {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} may be regarded as a large ganglionic mass in which the ascending tracts of the tegmentum and a considerable proportion of the fibers of the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]} end. - The {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} may be regarded as a large ganglionic mass from the cells of which numerous fibers ( thalamocortical ) take origin. - The {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} may be regarded as a large ganglionic mass from the cells of which numerous fibers ( thalamocortical ) radiate to almost every part of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 39

The {lemniscus [FMA83676:Lemniscus of neuraxis]}, together with the other longitudinal strands of the tegmentum , enters {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's ventral part :

Sentence ID: 40

the {thalamomammillary fasciculus [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ( {bundle of Vicq d’Azyr [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ), from the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} , enters in {thalamus 's anterior tubercle [FMA74867:Anterior tubercle of diencephalon]}. many of the fibers of the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]} terminate in {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} 's posterior end.

Sentence ID: 41

The {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} also receives numerous fibers ( corticothalamic ) from the cells of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 42

The fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} form four principal groups or stalks :

Sentence ID: 43

( a ) fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} of the anterior stalk pass through the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} part of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} to the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} ;

Sentence ID: 43

( b ) The fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} of the posterior stalk ( {optic radiations [FMA61941:Optic radiation]} ) arise in the pulvinar ; ( b ) The fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} of the posterior stalk ( {optic radiations [FMA61941:Optic radiation]} ) are conveyed through {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} to the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} ;

Sentence ID: 43

( c ) The fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} of the inferior stalk leave the under and medial surfaces of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ; ( c ) The fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} of the inferior stalk pass beneath the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} to the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} ; ( c ) The fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} of the inferior stalk pass beneath the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} to the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} ;

Sentence ID: 43

( d ) The fibers that arise from the cells of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} of the parietal stalk pass from the {lateral nucleus of the thalamus [FMA62174:Lateral nuclear group of thalamus]} to the {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 44

Fibers also extend from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} into the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} - those destined for the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} leave the lateral surface. Fibers also extend from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} into the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} - those for the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]}, the inferior surface of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 45

The {Metathalamus [FMA62023:Metathalamus]} comprises the geniculate bodies, which are two in number - a medial - on each side. The {Metathalamus [FMA62023:Metathalamus]} comprises the geniculate bodies, which are two in number - a lateral - on each side.

Sentence ID: 46

The {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} ( {corpus geniculatum mediale [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body; FMA62218:Magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body]} ; internal geniculate body ; postgeniculatum ) lies under cover of the {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]} of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} ( {corpus geniculatum mediale [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body; FMA62218:Magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body]} ; internal geniculate body ; postgeniculatum ) lies on the lateral aspect of the {corpora quadrigemina [FMA242157:Set of colliculi]}.

Sentence ID: 47

Oval in shape, with {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} 's long {axis [FMA12520:Axis; FMA58907:Axis of lens]} directed forward and lateralward , {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} is lighter in color. Oval in shape, with {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} 's long {axis [FMA12520:Axis; FMA58907:Axis of lens]} directed forward and lateralward , {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} is smaller in size than the a lateral.

Sentence ID: 48

The {inferior brachium [FMA71114:Brachium of inferior colliculus]} from the {inferior colliculus [FMA62404:Inferior colliculus]} disappears under cover of {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]}. The {inferior brachium [FMA71114:Brachium of inferior colliculus]} from {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} 's lateral extremity a strand of fibers passes to join the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]}.

Sentence ID: 49

Entering {medial geniculate body [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} are many acoustic fibers from the {lateral lemniscus [FMA72502:Lateral lemniscus]}.

Sentence ID: 50

The {medial geniculate bodies [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} are connected with one another by the {commissure of Gudden [FMA62052:Ventral supraoptic decussation]}, which passes through the posterior part of the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}.

Sentence ID: 51

The {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} ( {corpus geniculatum laterale [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body; FMA62214:Dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body; FMA62215:Ventral nucleus of lateral geniculate body]} ; external geniculate body ; pregeniculatum ) is an oval elevation on the lateral part of the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} ( {corpus geniculatum laterale [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body; FMA62214:Dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body; FMA62215:Ventral nucleus of lateral geniculate body]} ; external geniculate body ; pregeniculatum ) is connected with the {superior colliculus [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]} by the {superior brachium [FMA72417:Brachium of superior colliculus]}.

Sentence ID: 52

{lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} is of a dark color. {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} presents a laminated arrangement consisting of alternate layers of gray and {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}.

Sentence ID: 53

{lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} receives numerous fibers from the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]}. other fibers of {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]} pass over or through {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} into the {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]}.

Sentence ID: 54

{lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} 's cells are large and pigmented ;

Sentence ID: 54

{lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} 's cells 's {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} pass to the visual area in the occipital part of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 55

The {superior colliculus [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]} receive many fibers from the {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]}. the {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]} receive many fibers from the {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]}. the {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} receive many fibers from the {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]}. The {superior colliculus [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]} are therefore intimately connected with sight, constituting what are termed the lower visual centers. the {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]} are therefore intimately connected with sight, constituting what are termed the lower visual centers. the {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} are therefore intimately connected with sight, constituting what are termed the lower visual centers.

Sentence ID: 56

Extirpation of the {eyes [FMA54448:Eye]} in a newly born animal entails an arrest of the development of these centers. Extirpation of the {eyes [FMA54448:Eye]} in a newly born animal has no effect on the {medial geniculate bodies [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]} or on the {inferior colliculi [FMA62404:Inferior colliculus]}.

Sentence ID: 57

Moreover, the {inferior colliculi [FMA62404:Inferior colliculus]} are well-developed in the mole , an animal in which the {superior colliculi [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]} are rudimentary.

Sentence ID: 58

The {Epithalamus [FMA62009:Epithalamus]} comprises the {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]}. The {Epithalamus [FMA62009:Epithalamus]} comprises the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]}. The {Epithalamus [FMA62009:Epithalamus]} comprises the {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]}.

Sentence ID: 59

The {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} is a small depressed triangular area situated in front of the {superior colliculus [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]}. The {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} is a small depressed triangular area situated on the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the {tænia thalami [FMA78461:Tenia of thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 60

{trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} contains a group of {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]} termed the {ganglion [FMA5884:Ganglion]} habenulæ.

Sentence ID: 61

Fibers enter {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} from the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]}, forming what is termed the {habenular commissure [FMA62048:Habenular commissure]} , pass across the middle line to the corresponding {ganglion [FMA5884:Ganglion]} of the opposite side. Fibers enter {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} from others, forming what is termed the {habenular commissure [FMA62048:Habenular commissure]} , pass across the middle line to the corresponding {ganglion [FMA5884:Ganglion]} of the opposite side.

Sentence ID: 62

Most of {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} 's fibers are, however , directed downward ,. Most of {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} 's fibers form a bundle, the {fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert [FMA72400:Habenulo-interpeduncular tract]} , which passes medial to the {red nucleus [FMA62407:Red nucleus]} ,. Most of {trigonum habenulæ [FMA74868:Habenular trigone]} 's fibers after decussating with the corresponding fasciculus of the opposite side, ends in the {interpeduncular ganglion [FMA72439:Interpeduncular nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 63

The {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} ( {corpus pineale [FMA62033:Pineal body]} ; {epiphysis [FMA24012:Epiphysis]} ) is a small, conical , reddish-gray body which lies in the depression between the {superior colliculi [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]}.

Sentence ID: 64

{pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is placed beneath the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]}. {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is separated from the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]} by the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]}, the lower layer of which envelops the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 65

It measures about 8 mm. in length. It 's base, directed forward , is attached by a stalk or peduncle of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}.

Sentence ID: 67

The stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} divides anteriorly into two laminæ, a dorsal , separated from one another by the {pineal recess of the third ventricle [FMA78458:Pineal recess of third ventricle]}. The stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} divides anteriorly into two laminæ, a ventral , separated from one another by the {pineal recess of the third ventricle [FMA78458:Pineal recess of third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 68

The ventral {lamina is [FMA242259:Plexiform layer of cerebral cortex]} continuous with the {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} ;

Sentence ID: 68

the dorsal {lamina is [FMA242259:Plexiform layer of cerebral cortex]} continuous with the {habenular commissure [FMA62048:Habenular commissure]} and divides into two strands the medullary striæ, which run forward , one on either side , along the junction of the medial and upper surfaces of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} to blend in front with the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}.

Sentence ID: 69

The {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} is a rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]}.

Sentence ID: 70

{posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} 's fibers acquire their {medullary sheaths [FMA62983:Myelin sheath]} early. {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} 's connections have not been definitely determi

Sentence ID: 71

Most of {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} 's fibers have their origin in a nucleus, the {nucleus of the posterior commissure [FMA68463:Nucleus of posterior commissure]} ( {nucleus of Darkschewitsch [FMA68464:Ventral nucleus of posterior commissure]} ) , which lies in the {central gray substance [FMA83134:Central gray substance]} of the upper end of the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]} , in front of the {nucleus of the oculomotor nerve [FMA54510:Oculomotor nuclear complex]}.

Sentence ID: 72

{posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} 's fibers are probably derived from the posterior part of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} 's fibers are probably derived from the {superior colliculus [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]}. {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} 's fibers are believed to be continued downward into the {medial longitudinal fasciculus [FMA83846:Medial longitudinal fasciculus]}.

Sentence ID: 73

The {Hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} includes the {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]}. The {Hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} includes the structures forming the greater part of the floor of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. The {Hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} includes the {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}. The {Hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} includes the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]}. The {Hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} includes the {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]}. The {Hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} includes the {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]}. The {Hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} includes the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}.

Sentence ID: 74

The {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} consists of the upward continuation of the tegmentum ;

Sentence ID: 74

{subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} lies on the {ventro [FMA9719:Muscle belly]}-lateral aspect of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} separates {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} from the fibers of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]}.

Sentence ID: 75

The {red nucleus [FMA62407:Red nucleus]} are prolonged into {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} 's lower part ; the {substantia nigra [FMA62907:Substantia nigra pars compacta; FMA62908:Substantia nigra pars reticulata; FMA67947:Substantia nigra]} are prolonged into {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} 's lower part ;

Sentence ID: 75

in front {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} is continuous with the {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]}. in front {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} is continuous medially with the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the floor of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 76

{subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} consists from above downward of three strata : ( 1 ) stratum dorsale, directly applied to the under surface of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ; {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} consists from above downward of three strata : ( 1 ) stratum dorsale, consisting of fine longitudinal fibers ; {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} consists from above downward of three strata : ( 2 ) {zona incerta [FMA62038:Zona incerta]}, a continuation forward of the {formatio reticularis [FMA77719:Reticular formation]} of the tegmentum ; {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} consists from above downward of three strata : ( 3 ) the {corpus subthalamicum [FMA62035:Subthalamic nucleus]} ( {nucleus of Luys [FMA62035:Subthalamic nucleus]} ), a brownish mass presenting a lenticular shape on transverse section ; {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} consists from above downward of three strata : ( 3 ) the {corpus subthalamicum [FMA62035:Subthalamic nucleus]} ( {nucleus of Luys [FMA62035:Subthalamic nucleus]} ), a brownish mass situated on the dorsal aspect of the fibers of the base of the {cerebral peduncle [FMA62394:Peduncle of midbrain; FMA72464:Cerebral crus]} ;

Sentence ID: 77

{subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} is encapsuled by a lamina of {nerve fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]}. {subthalamic tegmental region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} contains numerous medium-sized {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]}, the connections of which are as yet not fully determined.

Sentence ID: 78

The {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} ( {corpus albicantia [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} ) are two round white masses, each about the size of a small pea , placed side by side below the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the floor of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} in front of the {posterior perforated substance [FMA77523:Posterior perforated substance]}.

Sentence ID: 79

{corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} consist of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} externally , {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} consist of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} internally ,

Sentence ID: 79

{corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} 's cells of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} internally forming two nuclei, a medial of smaller cells. {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} 's cells of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} internally forming two nuclei, a lateral of larger cells.

Sentence ID: 80

{corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} 's {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} is mainly formed by the fibers of the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}, which descend to the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}. {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} 's {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} is mainly formed by the fibers of the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}, which end partly in the {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}.

Sentence ID: 81

From {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} 's cells of the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of each {mammillary body [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} two fasciculi arise :

Sentence ID: 82

two fasciculi, the {thalamomammillary fasciculus [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ( {bundle of Vicq d’Azyr [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ) , passes upward into the {anterior nucleus of the thalamus [FMA62019:Anterior nuclear group of thalamus]} ;

Sentence ID: 82

two fasciculi is directed downward into the tegmentum.

Sentence ID: 83

{Afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} are believed to reach the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} from the {medial lemniscus [FMA83675:Medial lemniscus]}. {Afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} are believed to reach the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} from the tegmentum.

Sentence ID: 84

The {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} is a hollow eminence of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} situated between the {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} behind. The {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} is a hollow eminence of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} situated between the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} in front.

Sentence ID: 85

Laterally {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} is continuous with the {anterior perforated substances [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}. Laterally {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} is continuous anteriorly with a thin lamina, the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}.

Sentence ID: 86

From the under surface of the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} a hollow conical process, the {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]} , projects downward and forward. From the under surface of the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} a hollow conical process, the {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]} , is attached to the posterior lobe of the {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]}.

Sentence ID: 87

In the lateral part of the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} is a nucleus of {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]}, the basal optic nucleus of Meynert. In the lateral part of the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} close to the {cavity of the third ventricle [FMA242751:Cavity of third ventricle]} are three additional nuclei.

Sentence ID: 88

Between the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]} a small elevation, with a corresponding depression in the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} , is sometimes seen. Between the {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} a small elevation, with a corresponding depression in the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} , is sometimes seen.

Sentence ID: 89

Retzius has named a small elevation, with a corresponding depression in the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} the {eminentia [FMA75432:Eminence]} saccularis. Retzius regards it as a representative of the saccus vasculosus found in this situation in some of the lower vertebrates.

Sentence ID: 90

The {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} ( {pituitary body [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} ) is a reddish-gray, somewhat oval mass , measuring about 12.5 mm. in its transverse,. The {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} ( {pituitary body [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} ) is a reddish-gray, somewhat oval mass , measuring about 8 mm. in its antero-posterior diameter.

Sentence ID: 93

{hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} is attached to the end of the {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]} ; {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} is situated in the {fossa hypophyseos [FMA54721:Hypophysial fossa]} of the {sphenoidal bone [FMA52736:Sphenoid bone]}, where {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} is retained by a circular fold of dura mater ; {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} is situated in the {fossa hypophyseos [FMA54721:Hypophysial fossa]} of the {sphenoidal bone [FMA52736:Sphenoid bone]}, where {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]} is retained by the {diaphragma sella [FMA78540:Diaphragma sellae]} ;

Sentence ID: 93

the {diaphragma sella [FMA78540:Diaphragma sellae]} almost completely roofs in the {fossa hypophyseos [FMA54721:Hypophysial fossa]} of the {sphenoidal bone [FMA52736:Sphenoid bone]}, leaving only a small central aperture through which the {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]} passes.

Sentence ID: 94

{Optic Chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} ( {chiasma opticum [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} ; {optic commissure [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} ).

Sentence ID: 95

- The {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} is a flattened, somewhat quadrilateral band of fibers , situated at the junction of the floor of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. - The {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} is a flattened, somewhat quadrilateral band of fibers , situated at the junction of the anterior {wall of the third ventricle [FMA242776:Wall of third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 96

Most of {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} 's fibers have fibers 's origins in the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]}. Most of {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} 's fibers reach the {chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} through the {optic nerves [FMA50863:Optic nerve]}, which are continuous with its antero-lateral angles.

Sentence ID: 97

In the {chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}, fibers 's origins in the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]} undergo a partial decussation

Sentence ID: 97

the fibers from the nasal half of the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]} decussate. the fibers from the nasal half of the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]} enter the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]} of the opposite side. the fibers from the temporal half of the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]} do not undergo decussation. the fibers from the temporal half of the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]} pass {back [FMA24205:Surface of back]} into the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]} of the same side.

Sentence ID: 98

Occupying the posterior part of the {chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}, however , is a strand of fibers , the {commissure of Gudden [FMA62052:Ventral supraoptic decussation]} , which is not derived from the {optic nerves [FMA50863:Optic nerve]} ;

Sentence ID: 98

the {commissure of Gudden [FMA62052:Ventral supraoptic decussation]} forms a connecting link between the {medial geniculate bodies [FMA62211:Medial geniculate body]}.

Sentence ID: 99

{Optic Tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]}.

Sentence ID: 100

- The {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} are continued backward and lateralward from the postero-lateral angles of the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}.

Sentence ID: 101

{optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} passes between the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} passes between the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]}. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} winding around the ventrolateral aspect of the {cerebral peduncle [FMA62394:Peduncle of midbrain; FMA72464:Cerebral crus]}, divides into a medial root. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} winding around the ventrolateral aspect of the {cerebral peduncle [FMA62394:Peduncle of midbrain; FMA72464:Cerebral crus]}, divides into a lateral root.

Sentence ID: 102

{optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} comprises the fibers of {Gudden’s commissure [FMA62052:Ventral supraoptic decussation]}.

Sentence ID: 103

{optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root consists mainly of {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} which arise in the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]} ; but {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root also contains a few fine efferent fibers which have their origins in the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root consists mainly of {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} which undergo partial decussation in the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}, as described ; but {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root also contains a few fine efferent fibers which have their origins in the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root consists mainly of {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} which arise in the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]} ; but {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root also contains a few fine efferent fibers which have their terminations in the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]}. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root consists mainly of {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} which undergo partial decussation in the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}, as described ; but {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root also contains a few fine efferent fibers which have their terminations in the {retina [FMA58301:Retina]}.

Sentence ID: 104

When traced backward, the {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} of {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root are found to end in the lateral geniculate body ; When traced backward, the {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} of {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root are found to end in {pulvinar [FMA62178:Pulvinar]} of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ; When traced backward, the {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} of {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} 's lateral root are found to end in the {superior colliculus [FMA62403:Superior colliculus]} ;

Sentence ID: 104

and the {lateral geniculate body [FMA62209:Lateral geniculate body]} constitute the lower visual centers.

Sentence ID: 105

Fibers arise from the {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]} in the lower visual centers. Fibers pass through {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]}, under the name of the {optic radiations [FMA61941:Optic radiation]} , to the {cortex of the occipital lobe [FMA242205:Cortex of occipital lobe]} of the {cerebrum [FMA62000:Telencephalon]} , where the higher or cortical visual center is situated.

Sentence ID: 106

Some of the fibers of the {optic radiations [FMA61941:Optic radiation]} take an opposite course, arising from the cells of the {occipital cortex [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}. Some of the fibers of the {optic radiations [FMA61941:Optic radiation]} take an opposite course, passing to the lower visual centers.

Sentence ID: 107

{optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} fibers are detached from the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]}. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} fibers pass through the {cerebral peduncle [FMA62394:Peduncle of midbrain; FMA72464:Cerebral crus]} to the {nucleus of the oculomotor nerve [FMA54510:Oculomotor nuclear complex]}.

Sentence ID: 108

{optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} fibers may be regarded as the afferent branches for the Sphincter pupillæ {muscles [:]}. {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} fibers may be regarded as the afferent branches for the {Ciliaris muscles [FMA49151:Ciliary muscle]}.

Sentence ID: 109

{optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]} have been described as reaching the {cerebellum [FMA67944:Cerebellum]} through the {superior peduncle [FMA62075:Superior thalamic peduncle]} ; while others, again , are lost in the {pons [FMA67943:Pons]}.

Sentence ID: 110

The {Third Ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} ( {ventriculus tertius [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} ).

Sentence ID: 111

- The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} is a median cleft between the two {thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 112

Behind, {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} communicates with the {fourth ventricle [FMA78469:Fourth ventricle]} through the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]}. Behind, {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} communicates in front with the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} through the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}.

Sentence ID: 113

Somewhat triangular in shape, with the apex directed backward , {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} has a roof. Somewhat triangular in shape, with the apex directed backward , {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} has a floor. Somewhat triangular in shape, with the apex directed backward , {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} has an anterior boundary. Somewhat triangular in shape, with the apex directed backward , {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} has a posterior boundary. Somewhat triangular in shape, with the apex directed backward , {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} has a pair of lateral walls.

Sentence ID: 114

{third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof is formed by a layer of {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]}, which stretches between the upper edges of the lateral walls of the cavity. {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof is continuous with the epithelial lining of the ventricle.

Sentence ID: 115

{third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof is covered by a fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}, named the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} , from the under surface of which a pair of vascular fringed processes , the {choroid plexuses of the third ventricle [FMA78462:Choroid plexus of third ventricle]} , project downward , one on either side of the middle line. {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof is adherent to a fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}, named the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} , from the under surface of which a pair of vascular fringed processes , the {choroid plexuses of the third ventricle [FMA78462:Choroid plexus of third ventricle]} , project downward , one on either side of the middle line. {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof is covered by a fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}, named the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} , from the under surface of which a pair of vascular fringed processes , the {choroid plexuses of the third ventricle [FMA78462:Choroid plexus of third ventricle]} , invaginate the epithelial roof into the {ventricular cavity [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]}. {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof is adherent to a fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}, named the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} , from the under surface of which a pair of vascular fringed processes , the {choroid plexuses of the third ventricle [FMA78462:Choroid plexus of third ventricle]} , invaginate the epithelial roof into the {ventricular cavity [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 116

{third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's floor slopes downward and forward : {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's floor is formed mainly by the structures which constitute the {hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} :

Sentence ID: 117

from before backward the structures which constitute the {hypothalamus [FMA62008:Hypothalamus]} are :

Sentence ID: 118

the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}. the {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]}. the {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]}. the {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}.

Sentence ID: 119

Behind the {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}, {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's floor is formed by the {interpeduncular fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]}. Behind the {corpora mammillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}, {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's floor is formed by the tegmenta of the {cerebral peduncles [FMA62394:Peduncle of midbrain; FMA72464:Cerebral crus]}.

Sentence ID: 120

The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} is prolonged downward as a funnel-shaped recess, the {recessus infundibuli [FMA78456:Infundibular recess of third ventricle]} , into the {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]}. to the apex of {infundibulum the hypophysis [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]} is attached.

Sentence ID: 121

{third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's anterior boundary is constituted below by the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]} ; {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's anterior boundary is constituted below by a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} stretching from the upper surface of the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} to the rostrum of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ;

Sentence ID: 121

above {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's anterior boundary is constituted the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}. above {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's anterior boundary is constituted the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]}.

Sentence ID: 122

At the junction of the floor, immediately above the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} , the ventricle presents a small angular recess or diverticulum. At the junction of the anterior wall, immediately above the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} , the ventricle presents a small angular recess or diverticulum. At the junction of the floor, immediately above the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} , the ventricle presents the {optic recess [FMA78455:Optic recess of third ventricle]}. At the junction of the anterior wall, immediately above the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]} , the ventricle presents the {optic recess [FMA78455:Optic recess of third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 123

Between the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}, is a second recess termed the {vulva [FMA20462:Vulva]}. above the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]}, is a second recess termed the {vulva [FMA20462:Vulva]}.

Sentence ID: 124

At the junction of the roof of the ventricle, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {third ventricles [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. At the junction of the anterior {wall of the ventricle [FMA13884:Wall of ventricle]}, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {third ventricles [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. situated between the {thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} behind, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {third ventricles [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. situated the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} in front, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {third ventricles [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. At the junction of the roof of the ventricle, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}. At the junction of the anterior {wall of the ventricle [FMA13884:Wall of ventricle]}, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}. situated between the {thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} behind, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}. situated the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} in front, is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ) through which the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 125

The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's posterior boundary is constituted by the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]}. The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's posterior boundary is constituted by the {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]}. The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's posterior boundary is constituted by the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]}.

Sentence ID: 126

A small recess, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while in front of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is a second recess , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof. the {recessus pinealis [FMA78458:Pineal recess of third ventricle]}, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while in front of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is a second recess , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof. A small recess, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while above the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is a second recess , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof. the {recessus pinealis [FMA78458:Pineal recess of third ventricle]}, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while above the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is a second recess , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof. A small recess, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while in front of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is the {recessus suprapinealis [FMA78457:Suprapineal recess of third ventricle]} , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof. the {recessus pinealis [FMA78458:Pineal recess of third ventricle]}, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while in front of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is the {recessus suprapinealis [FMA78457:Suprapineal recess of third ventricle]} , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof. A small recess, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while above the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is the {recessus suprapinealis [FMA78457:Suprapineal recess of third ventricle]} , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof. the {recessus pinealis [FMA78458:Pineal recess of third ventricle]}, projects into the stalk of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} , while above the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} is the {recessus suprapinealis [FMA78457:Suprapineal recess of third ventricle]} , consisting of a diverticulum of the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} which forms The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's roof.

Sentence ID: 127

The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral wall consists of an upper portion formed by the medial surface of the anterior two-thirds of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral wall consists of a lower consisting of an upward continuation of the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the ventricular floor.

Sentence ID: 128

The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral wall correspond to the {alar [FMA264759:Alare]} respectively of the lateral wall of the {fore-brain [FMA61992:Forebrain]} vesicle and are separated from each other by a furrow, which extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]} ( pages 741 and 742 ). The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral wall correspond to the basal laminæ respectively of the lateral wall of the {fore-brain [FMA61992:Forebrain]} vesicle and are separated from each other by a furrow, which extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]} ( pages 741 and 742 ). The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral wall correspond to the {alar [FMA264759:Alare]} respectively of the lateral wall of the {fore-brain [FMA61992:Forebrain]} vesicle and are separated from each other by the {sulcus [:]} of Monro, which extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]} ( pages 741 and 742 ). The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral wall correspond to the basal laminæ respectively of the lateral wall of the {fore-brain [FMA61992:Forebrain]} vesicle and are separated from each other by the {sulcus [:]} of Monro, which extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the {cerebral aqueduct [FMA78467:Cerebral aqueduct]} ( pages 741 and 742 ).

Sentence ID: 129

The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral wall is limited above by the {tænia thalami [FMA78461:Tenia of thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 130

The {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} curve downward in front of the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}. The {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} then run in the lateral {walls of the ventricle [FMA13884:Wall of ventricle]}, where , at first , {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} form distinct prominences. The {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} then run in the lateral {walls of the ventricle [FMA13884:Wall of ventricle]}, where , at first , {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} are lost to sight.

Sentence ID: 131

The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral walls are joined to each other across the {cavity of the ventricle [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]} by {a band [FMA67918:Anisotropic band]} of {gray matter [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} ( page 809 ). The {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} 's lateral walls are joined to each other across the {cavity of the ventricle [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]} by the {massa intermedia [FMA74869:Interthalamic adhesion]} ( page 809 ).

Sentence ID: 132

{Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} - {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} is a somewhat lozenge-shaped area of the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}, limited in front by the {optic chiasma [FMA62045:Optic chiasm]}. {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} - {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} is a somewhat lozenge-shaped area of the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}, limited behind by the antero-superior surface of the {pons [FMA67943:Pons]}. {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} - {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} is a somewhat lozenge-shaped area of the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}, limited antero-laterally by the converging {optic tracts [FMA62046:Optic tract]}. {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} - {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} is a somewhat lozenge-shaped area of the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}, limited postero-laterally by the diverging {cerebral peduncles [FMA62394:Peduncle of midbrain; FMA72464:Cerebral crus]}.

Sentence ID: 133

The structures contained in {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} have already been described ;

Sentence ID: 133

from behind forward, The structures contained in {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} are the {posterior perforated substance [FMA77523:Posterior perforated substance]}. from behind forward, The structures contained in {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} are {corpora mamillaria [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}. from behind forward, The structures contained in {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} are {tuber cinereum [FMA62327:Tuber cinereum]}. from behind forward, The structures contained in {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} are {infundibulum [FMA74635:Infundibulum of neurohypophysis]}. from behind forward, The structures contained in {Interpeduncular Fossa [FMA83740:Interpeduncular fossa]} are {hypophysis [FMA13889:Pituitary gland]}.

Sentence ID: 134

The {Telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]}.

Sentence ID: 135

- The {telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]} includes : ( 1 ) the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} with {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's {cavities [:]}. - The {telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]} includes : ( 1 ) the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} with the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}. - The {telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]} includes : ( 2 ) the {pars optica hypothalami [FMA62027:Anterior hypothalamic region]}. - The {telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]} includes : ( 2 ) the anterior portion of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} ( already described under the {diencephalon [FMA62001:Diencephalon]} ).

Sentence ID: 137

As previously stated ( see page 744 ), each {cerebral hemisphere [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} may be divided into three fundamental parts. As previously stated ( see page 744 ), each {cerebral hemisphere [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} may be divided into the {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}. As previously stated ( see page 744 ), each {cerebral hemisphere [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} may be divided into the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]}. As previously stated ( see page 744 ), each {cerebral hemisphere [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} may be divided into the {neopallium [FMA62429:Neocortex]}.

Sentence ID: 138

The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}, associated with the sense of smell , is the oldest part of the {telencephalon [FMA62000:Telencephalon]}. The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}, associated with the sense of smell , forms almost the whole of the hemisphere in some of the lower animals , e. g. , fishes , amphibians , and reptiles.

Sentence ID: 139

In man {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} is rudimentary. In man the {neopallium [FMA62429:Neocortex]} undergoes great development. In man the {neopallium [FMA62429:Neocortex]} forms the chief part of the hemisphere.

Sentence ID: 140

The {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 141

- The {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} constitute the largest part of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}. - The {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} when viewed together from above, assume the form of an ovoid mass broader behind than in front , the greatest transverse diameter corresponding with a line connecting the two {parietal eminences [FMA57080:Parietal tuber]}.

Sentence ID: 142

{cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} are separated medially by a deep cleft, named the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}. hemispheres possesses a central cavity. hemispheres possesses the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 143

The {Longitudinal Cerebral Fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} ( {fissura cerebri longitudinalis [FMA9712:Hand]} ; {great longitudinal fissure [FMA9712:Hand]} ) contains a sickle-shaped process of {dura mater [FMA9592:Dura mater]}. The {Longitudinal Cerebral Fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} ( {fissura cerebri longitudinalis [FMA9712:Hand]} ; {great longitudinal fissure [FMA9712:Hand]} ) contains the {falx cerebri [FMA83967:Falx cerebri]}.

Sentence ID: 144

It front and behind, {Longitudinal Cerebral Fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} extends from the upper to the under surfaces of the hemispheres ; It front and behind, {Longitudinal Cerebral Fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} completely separates surfaces of the hemispheres ; surfaces of the hemispheres 's middle portion separates them for only about one-half of their vertical extent ;

Sentence ID: 144

for at this part surfaces of the hemispheres are connected across the middle line by a great central white commissure. for at this part surfaces of the hemispheres are connected across the middle line by the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 145

In a median sagittal section the cut {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} presents the appearance of a broad, arched band.

Sentence ID: 146

{corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's thick posterior end, termed the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} , overlaps the {mid-brain [FMA61993:Midbrain]}. {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's thick posterior end, termed the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} , is separated from {mid-brain [FMA61993:Midbrain]} by the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]}. {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's thick posterior end, termed the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} , is separated from {mid-brain [FMA61993:Midbrain]} by the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]}.

Sentence ID: 147

{corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's anterior curved end, termed the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} , gradually tapers into a thinner portion , which is continued downward and backward in front of the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} to join the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}. {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's anterior curved end, termed the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} , gradually tapers into the rostrum , which is continued downward and backward in front of the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} to join the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}.

Sentence ID: 148

Arching backward from immediately behind the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} to the under surface of the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} is a second white band named the fornix :

Sentence ID: 149

between {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} are the laminæ and {cavity of the septum pellucidum [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]}. between the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} are the laminæ and {cavity of the septum pellucidum [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]}.

Sentence ID: 150

{Surfaces of the Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA256259:Surface of cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 151

- Each {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} presents three surfaces :

Sentence ID: 152

lateral, medial , and inferior.

Sentence ID: 153

{Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's lateral surface is convex in adaptation to the concavity of the corresponding half of the vault of the {cranium [FMA46565:Skull]}.

Sentence ID: 154

{Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's medial surface is flat and vertical. {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's medial surface is separated from medial surface of the opposite hemisphere by the {great longitudinal fissure [FMA9712:Hand]}. {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's medial surface is separated from medial surface of the opposite hemisphere by the {falx cerebri [FMA83967:Falx cerebri]}.

Sentence ID: 155

{Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's inferior surface is of an irregular form. {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's inferior surface may be divided into three areas : anterior, middle , and posterior.

Sentence ID: 157

{Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's anterior area, formed by the {orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]} , is concave ; {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's anterior area, formed by the {orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]} , rests on the {roof of the orbit [FMA53078:Roof of orbit]} and {nose [FMA46472:Nose]} ;

Sentence ID: 157

{Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's middle area is convex : {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's middle area consists of the under surface of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} :

Sentence ID: 158

{Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's middle area is adapted to the corresponding half of the {middle cranial fossa [FMA54369:Middle cranial fossa]}.

Sentence ID: 159

{Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's posterior area is concave, directed medialward as well as downward. {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's posterior area is named the tentorial surface, since the tentorial surface rests upon the {tentorium cerebelli [FMA83966:Tentorium cerebelli]} , which intervenes between the tentorial surface. {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's posterior area is named the tentorial surface, since the tentorial surface rests upon the {tentorium cerebelli [FMA83966:Tentorium cerebelli]} , which intervenes between the upper surface of the {cerebellum [FMA67944:Cerebellum]}.

Sentence ID: 160

anterior, middle , and posterior surfaces are separated from each other by the following borders :

Sentence ID: 161

( a ) supero-medial, between the lateral surfaces ; ( b ) infero-lateral , between the lateral and inferior surfaces ; ( a ) supero-medial, between medial surfaces ; ( b ) infero-lateral , between the lateral and inferior surfaces ;

Sentence ID: 161

the anterior part of infero-lateral border separating the lateral surface, is known as the superciliary border ; the anterior part of infero-lateral border separating the {orbital [FMA49034:Orbitalis]} surface, is known as the superciliary border ;

Sentence ID: 161

( c ) medial occipital, separating the medial and tentorial surfaces ; and ( d ) medial {orbital [FMA49034:Orbitalis]} , separating the {orbital [FMA49034:Orbitalis]} from the medial surface.

Sentence ID: 162

The anterior end of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} is named the {frontal pole [FMA71028:Frontal pole (FP); FMA74885:Frontal pole]}. the posterior end of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} is named the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]}. the anterior end of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} is named the {temporal pole [FMA71071:Temporal pole (TP); FMA74890:Temporal pole]}.

Sentence ID: 163

About 5 cm. in front of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} 's {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} on the infero-lateral border is an indentation or {notch [FMA75036:Notch]}, named the {preoccipital notch [FMA83739:Preoccipital notch]}.

Sentence ID: 165

The {surfaces of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256259:Surface of cerebral hemisphere]} are moulded into a number of irregular eminences, named gyri or convolutions , and separated by furrows termed fissures and sulci.

Sentence ID: 166

fissures and sulci are of two kinds, complete and incomplete.

Sentence ID: 167

furrows appear early in fetal life, are few in number. furrows are produced by infoldings of the entire thickness of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} wall. furrows give rise to corresponding elevations in the interior of the ventricle.

Sentence ID: 168

furrows comprise the {hippocampal fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]}. furrows comprise parts of the calcarine and {collateral fissures [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 169

The incomplete furrows are very numerous. The incomplete furrows only indent the subjacent {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, without producing any corresponding elevations in the {ventricular cavity [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 170

The gyri are fairly constant in their arrangement ; gyri 's intervening fissures are fairly constant in their arrangement ; gyri 's intervening the sulci are fairly constant in their arrangement ;

Sentence ID: 170

at the same time The gyri and gyri 's intervening fissures and the sulci vary within certain limits, not only in different individuals. at the same time The gyri and gyri 's intervening fissures and the sulci vary within certain limits, on the two hemispheres of the same {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}.

Sentence ID: 171

The convoluted condition of the surface permits of a great increase of the {gray matter [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} without the sacrifice of much additional space.

Sentence ID: 172

The number and extent of the gyri, appear to bear a direct relation to the intellectual powers of the individual. the depth of the intervening furrows, appear to bear a direct relation to the intellectual powers of the individual.

Sentence ID: 173

Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the {lateral cerebral fissures [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the {lateral cerebral fissures [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the parietoöccipital fissures, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the parietoöccipital fissures, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the {calcarine fissures [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the {calcarine fissures [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the {collateral fissures [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the {collateral fissures [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}, the central and {cingulate sulci [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the {lateral cerebral fissures [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the {lateral cerebral fissures [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the parietoöccipital fissures, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the parietoöccipital fissures, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the {calcarine fissures [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the {calcarine fissures [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are utilized for the purpose of dividing the hemisphere into lobes ; included under interlobular are the {collateral fissures [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}. Certain of the fissures and sulci are therefore termed interlobular ; included under interlobular are the {collateral fissures [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}, the {sulcus circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]}.

Sentence ID: 174

The {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ( {fissura cerebri lateralis [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} [ Sylvii ] ; {fissure of Sylvius [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ) is a well-marked cleft on the inferior and lateral surfaces of the hemisphere. The {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ( {fissura cerebri lateralis [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} [ Sylvii ] ; {fissure of Sylvius [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ) consists of a short stem which divides into three rami.

Sentence ID: 175

{Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem is situated on the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}. {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem commences in a depression at the lateral angle of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}.

Sentence ID: 176

From depression at the lateral angle of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem extends between the anterior part of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}. From depression at the lateral angle of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem extends between the {orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]}. From depression at the lateral angle of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem reaches the {lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256305:Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 177

Here {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem divides into three rami : an anterior. Here {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem divides into three rami : horizontal. Here {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem divides into three rami : an anterior ascending. Here {Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's stem divides into three rami : a posterior.

Sentence ID: 179

{Lateral Cerebral Fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} 's anterior horizontal ramus passes foward for about 2.5 cm. into the {inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]}. the anterior ascending ramus extends upward into the same convolution for about an equal distance.

Sentence ID: 181

{Lateral Cerebral Fissure 's posterior ramus [FMA83761:Posterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus]} is the longest ;

Sentence ID: 181

{Lateral Cerebral Fissure 's posterior ramus [FMA83761:Posterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus]} runs backward for about 7 cm.. {Lateral Cerebral Fissure 's posterior ramus [FMA83761:Posterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus]} runs slightly upward for about 7 cm.. {Lateral Cerebral Fissure 's posterior ramus [FMA83761:Posterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus]} ends by an upward inflexion in the {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 182

The {Central Sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ( {sulcus centralis [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} [ Rolandi ] ; {fissure of Rolando [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ; {central fissure [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ) is situated about the middle of the lateral surface of the hemisphere. The {Central Sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ( {sulcus centralis [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} [ Rolandi ] ; {fissure of Rolando [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ; {central fissure [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ) begins in or near the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}, a little behind {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} 's mid-{point [FMA50596:Point]}.

Sentence ID: 183

The {Central Sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} runs sinuously downward and forward. The {Central Sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ends a little above the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, and about 2.5 cm. behind the {anterior ascending ramus of the lateral fissure [FMA83759:Anterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 185

The {Central Sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} described two chief curves : a superior {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} with its concavity directed forward. The {Central Sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} described two chief curves : an inferior {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} with its concavity directed backward.

Sentence ID: 187

The {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} forms an angle opening forward of about 70degree with the {median plane [FMA49450:Median plane]}.

Sentence ID: 188

The Parietoöccipital Fissure ( fissura parietoöccipitalis ).

Sentence ID: 189

- Only a small part of Parietoöccipital Fissure is seen on the lateral surface of the hemisphere, Parietoöccipital Fissure 's chief part being on the medial surface.

Sentence ID: 190

The lateral part of the parietoöccipital fissure is situated about 5 cm. in front of the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} of the hemisphere. The lateral part of the parietoöccipital fissure measures about 1.25 cm. in length.

Sentence ID: 193

The medial part of the parietoöccipital fissure runs downward and forward as a deep cleft on the medial surface of the hemisphere. The medial part of the parietoöccipital fissure joins the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} below and behind the posterior end of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 194

In most cases The medial part of the parietoöccipital fissure contains a submerged gyrus.

Sentence ID: 195

The {Calcarine Fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} ( {fissura calcarina [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} ) is on the {medial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256318:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 196

{Calcarine Fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} begins near the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} in two converging {rami. [FMA50655:Calcarine artery]}{  Calcarine [FMA50655:Calcarine artery]} Fissure runs forward to a {point [FMA50596:Point]} a little below the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]}, where {Calcarine Fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} is joined at an acute angle by the medial part of the parietoöccipital fissure.

Sentence ID: 197

The anterior part of {Calcarine Fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} gives rise to the prominence of the {calcar avis [FMA78438:Calcarine spur; FMA83707:Calcar avis]} in the {posterior cornu [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 198

The {Cingulate Sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} ) is on the {medial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256318:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere]} ;  The {sulcus cinguli [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} ) is on the {medial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256318:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere]} ; The {callosomarginal fissure [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} ) is on the {medial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256318:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere]} ;

Sentence ID: 198

{Cingulate Sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} begins below the anterior end of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. {Cingulate Sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} runs upward and forward nearly parallel to the {rostrum of corpus callosum [FMA61945:Rostrum of corpus callosum; FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]}. {Cingulate Sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} curving in front of the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]}, is continued backward above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. {Cingulate Sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} finally ascends to the supero-medial border of {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} a short distance behind the upper end of the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 199

{Cingulate Sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} separates the {superior frontal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]}. {Cingulate Sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} separates the the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 200

The {Collateral Fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} ) is on the {tentorial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256335:Tentorial surface of cerebral hemisphere]} .  The fissura collateralis ) is on the {tentorial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256335:Tentorial surface of cerebral hemisphere]}. The {Collateral Fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} ) extends from near the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} to within a short distance of the {temporal pole [FMA71071:Temporal pole (TP); FMA74890:Temporal pole]} .  The fissura collateralis ) extends from near the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} to within a short distance of the {temporal pole [FMA71071:Temporal pole (TP); FMA74890:Temporal pole]}.

Sentence ID: 201

Behind, {Collateral Fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} lies below and lateral to the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} , from which {Collateral Fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} is separated by the {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]} ;

Sentence ID: 201

in front, {Collateral Fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} is situated between the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}. in front, {Collateral Fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} is situated between the the anterior part of the {fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 202

The {Sulcus Circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]} ) is on the lower and {lateral surfaces of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256305:Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere]} :  The {circuminsular fissure [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]} ) is on the lower and {lateral surfaces of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256305:Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere]} :

Sentence ID: 203

{Sulcus Circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]} surrounds the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]}. {Sulcus Circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]} separates {Sulcus Circularis [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]} from the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]}, parietal , and {temporal lobes [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 204

{Lobes of the Hemispheres [FMA77800:Set of cerebral lobes]}.

Sentence ID: 205

- By means of these fissures and sulci, assisted by certain arbitrary lines , each hemisphere is divided into the the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} , the parietal , the temporal , the occipital , the limbic , and the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} lobes :

Sentence ID: 206

the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]}. the parietal. the temporal. the occipital. the limbic. the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]}.

Sentence ID: 207

{Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} ( {lobus frontalis [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} ).

Sentence ID: 208

- On the {lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256305:Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere]} {Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} extends from the {frontal pole [FMA71028:Frontal pole (FP); FMA74885:Frontal pole]} to the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}, the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} separating {Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} from the {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 209

Below, {Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} is limited by the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} , which intervenes between {Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]}. Below, {Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} is limited by the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} , which intervenes between the {central lobe [FMA67329:Insula]}.

Sentence ID: 210

On the medial surface, {Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} is separated from the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} by the {cingulate sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 210

and on the inferior surface, {Frontal Lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} is bounded behind by the stem of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 211

The lateral {surface of the frontal lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]} is tranversed by three sulci which divide the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} into four gyri : the sulci are named the precentral ; The lateral {surface of the frontal lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]} is tranversed by three sulci which divide the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} into four gyri : the sulci are named the superior ; The lateral {surface of the frontal lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]} is tranversed by three sulci which divide the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} into four gyri : the sulci are named inferior frontal ;

Sentence ID: 212

the gyri are the anterior central. the gyri are the the superior. the gyri are the middle. the gyri are the inferior {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]}.

Sentence ID: 213

The {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} runs parallel to the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ; The {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} is usually divided into an upper and a lower part ;

Sentence ID: 213

between {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} is the anterior central gyrus. between the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} is the anterior central gyrus.

Sentence ID: 214

From the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]}, the superior and {inferior frontal sulci [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} run forward and downward. From the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]}, the superior and {inferior frontal sulci [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} divide the remainder of the lateral {surface of Frontal Lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]} into three parallel gyri , named , respectively the superior , middle , and {inferior frontal gyri [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 215

The anterior central gyrus ) is bounded in front by the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ;  The gyrus centralis ) is bounded in front by the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ; The anterior ) is bounded in front by the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ;  The ascending {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} convolution ) is bounded in front by the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ; The {precentral gyre [FMA61894:Precentral gyrus; FMA71044:Precentral gyrus (PRG)]} ) is bounded in front by the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ;  The anterior central gyrus ) is bounded behind by the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ; The gyrus centralis ) is bounded behind by the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ;  The anterior ) is bounded behind by the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ; The ascending {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} convolution ) is bounded behind by the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ;  The {precentral gyre [FMA61894:Precentral gyrus; FMA71044:Precentral gyrus (PRG)]} ) is bounded behind by the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 215

anterior central gyrus extends from the supero-medial border of {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} to the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 216

The {superior frontal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} ) is situated above the {superior frontal sulcus [FMA83755:Superior frontal sulcus]} .  The {gyrus frontalis superior [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} ) is situated above the {superior frontal sulcus [FMA83755:Superior frontal sulcus]}. The superfrontal gyre ) is situated above the {superior frontal sulcus [FMA83755:Superior frontal sulcus]} .  The {superior frontal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} ) is continued on to the {medial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256318:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere]}. The {gyrus frontalis superior [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} ) is continued on to the {medial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256318:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere]} .  The superfrontal gyre ) is continued on to the {medial surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256318:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 217

The portion on the {lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256305:Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere]} is usually more or {less [FMA63048:Circular muscle layer of abdominal part of esophagus]} completely subdivided into an upper part by an antero-posterior {sulcus [:]}, the paramedial {sulcus [:]} , which , however , is frequently interrupted by bridging gyri. The portion on the {lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256305:Lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere]} is usually more or {less [FMA63048:Circular muscle layer of abdominal part of esophagus]} completely subdivided into a lower part by an antero-posterior {sulcus [:]}, the paramedial {sulcus [:]} , which , however , is frequently interrupted by bridging gyri.

Sentence ID: 218

The {middle frontal gyrus [FMA61859:Middle frontal gyrus]} ), between the superior and {inferior frontal sulci [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} , is continuous with the {anterior orbital gyrus [FMA256196:Anterior orbital gyrus]} on the {inferior surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256312:Basal surface of cerebral hemisphere]} ; it is frequently subdivided into two by a horizontal {sulcus [:]} , the medial {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} {sulcus [:]} of Eberstaller , which ends anteriorly in a wide bifurcation .  The {gyrus frontalis medius [FMA61859:Middle frontal gyrus]} ) , between the superior and {inferior frontal sulci [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} , is continuous with the {anterior orbital gyrus [FMA256196:Anterior orbital gyrus]} on the {inferior surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256312:Basal surface of cerebral hemisphere]} ; it is frequently subdivided into two by a horizontal {sulcus [:]} , the medial {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} {sulcus [:]} of Eberstaller , which ends anteriorly in a wide bifurcation. The medifrontal gyre ), between the superior and {inferior frontal sulci [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} , is continuous with the {anterior orbital gyrus [FMA256196:Anterior orbital gyrus]} on the {inferior surface of cerebral hemispheres [FMA256312:Basal surface of cerebral hemisphere]} ; it is frequently subdivided into two by a horizontal {sulcus [:]} , the medial {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} {sulcus [:]} of Eberstaller , which ends anteriorly in a wide bifurcation.

Sentence ID: 219

The {inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} ) lies below the {inferior frontal sulcus [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} ;  The {gyrus frontalis inferior [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus; FMA61980:Triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus; FMA61981:Opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus; FMA61982:Orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus]} ) lies below the {inferior frontal sulcus [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} ; The subfrontal gyre ) lies below the {inferior frontal sulcus [FMA83757:Inferior frontal sulcus]} ;  The {inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} ) extends forward from the lower part of the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ; The {gyrus frontalis inferior [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus; FMA61980:Triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus; FMA61981:Opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus; FMA61982:Orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus]} ) extends forward from the lower part of the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ;  The subfrontal gyre ) extends forward from the lower part of the {precentral sulcus [FMA83800:Precentral sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 219

{inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} is continuous with the lateral and {posterior orbital gyri [FMA80184:Posterior orbital gyrus]} on the under {surface of frontal lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 220

{inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} is subdivided by the anterior horizontal rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} into three parts, viz. , ( 1 ) the {orbital [FMA49034:Orbitalis]} part, below the {anterior horizontal ramus of the lateral fissure [FMA83760:Anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus]}. {inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} is subdivided by the ascending rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} into three parts, viz. , ( 1 ) the {orbital [FMA49034:Orbitalis]} part, below the {anterior horizontal ramus of the lateral fissure [FMA83760:Anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus]}. {inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} is subdivided by the anterior horizontal rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} into three parts, viz. , ( 2 ) the triangular part ( cap of Broca ), between the ascending and horizontal rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. {inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} is subdivided by the ascending rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} into three parts, viz. , ( 2 ) the triangular part ( cap of Broca ), between the ascending and horizontal rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. {inferior frontal gyrus [FMA61860:Inferior frontal gyrus]} is subdivided by the anterior horizontal rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} into three parts, viz. , ( 3 ) the basilar part, behind the anterior ascending {ramus. [FMA22393:Inferior division of deep part of superior gluteal artery; FMA52573:Inferior branch of oculomotor nerve]}{  inferior [FMA22393:Inferior division of deep part of superior gluteal artery; FMA52573:Inferior branch of oculomotor nerve]} {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} gyrus is subdivided by the ascending rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} into three parts, viz. , ( 3 ) the basilar part, behind the anterior ascending ramus.

Sentence ID: 221

The {left inferior frontal gyrus [FMA72658:Left inferior frontal gyrus]} is, as a rule , more highly developed than the right. The {left inferior frontal gyrus [FMA72658:Left inferior frontal gyrus]} is named the gyrus of Broca, from the fact that Broca described {left inferior frontal gyrus [FMA72658:Left inferior frontal gyrus]} as the center for articulate speech.

Sentence ID: 222

The inferior or {orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]} is concave The inferior or {orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]} rests on the {orbital plate of the frontal bone [FMA54674:Orbital plate of frontal bone]}

Sentence ID: 222

{orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]} is divided into four {orbital gyri [FMA72020:Set of orbital gyri]} by a well-marked H-shaped {orbital sulcus [FMA83770:Orbital sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 223

four {orbital gyri [FMA72020:Set of orbital gyri]} are named, from their position , the {medial orbital gyri [FMA62419:Medial orbital gyrus]}. four {orbital gyri [FMA72020:Set of orbital gyri]} are named, from their position , the {anterior orbital gyri [FMA256196:Anterior orbital gyrus]}. four {orbital gyri [FMA72020:Set of orbital gyri]} are named, from their position , the {lateral orbital gyri [FMA62418:Lateral orbital gyrus]}. four {orbital gyri [FMA72020:Set of orbital gyri]} are named, from their position , the {posterior orbital gyri [FMA80184:Posterior orbital gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 224

The {medial orbital gyrus [FMA62419:Medial orbital gyrus]} presents a well-marked antero-posterior {sulcus [:]}, for the olfactory tract ; The {medial orbital gyrus [FMA62419:Medial orbital gyrus]} the {olfactory sulcus [FMA83769:Olfactory sulcus]}, for the olfactory tract ;

Sentence ID: 224

the portion medial to {medial orbital gyrus [FMA62419:Medial orbital gyrus]} is named the {straight gyrus [FMA61893:Straight gyrus]}. the portion medial to {medial orbital gyrus [FMA62419:Medial orbital gyrus]} is continuous with the {superior frontal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} on the medial surface.

Sentence ID: 225

The medial {surface of the frontal lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]} is occupied by the medial part of the {superior frontal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} )  The medial {surface of the frontal lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]} is occupied by {marginal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} )

Sentence ID: 225

{marginal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} lies between the {cingulate sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} and the supero-medial margin of {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 226

The posterior part of {marginal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} is sometimes marked off by a vertical {sulcus [:]}. The posterior part of {marginal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} is distinguished as the {paracentral lobule [FMA77534:Paracentral lobule]}, because {paracentral lobule [FMA77534:Paracentral lobule]} is continuous with the anterior and {posterior central gyri [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 227

{Parietal Lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} ( {lobus parietalis [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} ).

Sentence ID: 228

- The {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} is separated from the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} by the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}. - {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} 's boundaries below and behind are not so definite.

Sentence ID: 229

Posteriorly, {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} is limited by the parietoöccipital fissure. Posteriorly, {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} is limited by a line carried across {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} from the end of this fissure toward the {preoccipital notch [FMA83739:Preoccipital notch]}.

Sentence ID: 230

Below, {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} is separated from the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} by the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. Below, {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} is separated from the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} by a line carried backward from {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} to meet the line passing downward to the {preoccipital notch [FMA83739:Preoccipital notch]}.

Sentence ID: 231

The lateral {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is cleft by a well-marked furrow, which consists of an oblique portion. The lateral {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is cleft by the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} of Turner, which consists of an oblique portion. The lateral {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is cleft by a well-marked furrow, which consists of an a horizontal portion. The lateral {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is cleft by the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} of Turner, which consists of an a horizontal portion.

Sentence ID: 232

lateral {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} 's oblique part is named the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]}. lateral {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} 's oblique part commences below, about midway between the lower end of the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}. lateral {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} 's oblique part commences below, about midway between the upturned end of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 233

{postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} runs upward and backward, parallel to the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}. {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} is sometimes divided into an upper {ramus. [FMA4003:Postcentral branch of right first posterior intercostal artery; FMA4181:Postcentral branch of posterior intercostal artery]}{  postcentral [FMA4003:Postcentral branch of right first posterior intercostal artery; FMA4181:Postcentral branch of posterior intercostal artery]} {sulcus [:]} is sometimes divided into a lower ramus.

Sentence ID: 234

{postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} forms the hinder limit of the {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 235

From about the middle of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]}, or from the upper end of {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} 's inferior ramus , the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} is carried backward on the {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} ,. From about the middle of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]}, or from the upper end of {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} 's inferior ramus , the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} is carried slightly upward on the {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} ,. From about the middle of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]}, or from the upper end of {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} 's inferior ramus , the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} is prolonged , under the name of the occipital ramus , on to the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} , where occipital ramus divides into two parts , which form nearly a right angle with the main stem. From about the middle of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]}, or from the upper end of {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} 's inferior ramus , the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} is prolonged , under the name of the occipital ramus , on to the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} , where occipital ramus divides into two parts , which constitute the {transverse occipital sulcus [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 236

The part of the {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} above the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} is named the {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} ;

Sentence ID: 236

the part below the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} is named the {inferior parietal lobule [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus; FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]}.

Sentence ID: 237

The {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} extends from the {longitudinal fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} above to the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} below. {gyrus centralis posterior [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} ) extends from the {longitudinal fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} above to the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} below .  ascending parietal convolution ) extends from the {longitudinal fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} above to the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} below. {postcentral gyre [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus; FMA71042:Postcentral gyrus (POG)]} ) extends from the {longitudinal fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} above to the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} below.

Sentence ID: 238

{posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} lies parallel with the anterior central gyrus, with which {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} is connected below , the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}. {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} lies parallel with the anterior central gyrus, with which {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} is connected also , sometimes , above , the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 239

The {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} ) is bounded in front by the upper part of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} ;  The {lobulus parietalis superior [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule]} ) is bounded in front by the upper part of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} ; The {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} ) is usually connected with the {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} above the end of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} ;  The {lobulus parietalis superior [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule]} ) is usually connected with the {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]} above the end of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 239

behind {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} is the lateral part of the parietoöccipital fissure, around the end of which {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} is joined to the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} by a curved gyrus ; behind {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} is the lateral part of the parietoöccipital fissure, around the end of which {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} is joined to the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} by the arcus parietoöccipitalis ;

Sentence ID: 239

below, {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]} is separated from the {inferior parietal lobule [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus; FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} by the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 240

The {inferior parietal lobule [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus; FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} lies below the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]}. The {lobulus parietalis inferior [FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} ) lies below the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]} .  The {subparietal district [FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} or {lobule [FMA45737:Lobule]} ) lies below the horizontal portion of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]}. The {inferior parietal lobule [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus; FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} lies behind the lower part of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]}. The {lobulus parietalis inferior [FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} ) lies behind the lower part of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]} .  The {subparietal district [FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} or {lobule [FMA45737:Lobule]} ) lies behind the lower part of the {postcentral sulcus [FMA83774:Postcentral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 241

{inferior parietal lobule [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus; FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} is divided from before backward into two gyri.

Sentence ID: 242

two gyri, the {supramarginal gyri [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus]} arches over the upturned end of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 242

{supramarginal gyri [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus]} is continuous in front with the {postcentral gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus; FMA71042:Postcentral gyrus (POG)]}. {supramarginal gyri [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus]} is continuous behind with the {superior temporal gyrus [FMA61905:Superior temporal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 243

two gyri, the {angular gyri [FMA61898:Angular gyrus; FMA71018:Angular gyrus (AG)]} arches over the posterior end of the {superior temporal sulcus [FMA83783:Superior temporal sulcus]} , behind which the {angular gyri [FMA61898:Angular gyrus; FMA71018:Angular gyrus (AG)]} is continuous with the {middle temporal gyrus [FMA61906:Middle temporal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 244

The medial {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is bounded behind by the medial part of the parietoöccipital fissure ;

Sentence ID: 244

in front The medial {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is bounded by the posterior end of the {cingulate sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 244

and below, medial {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is separated from the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} by the {subparietal sulcus [FMA83777:Subparietal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 245

The medial {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} is of small size. The medial {surface of the parietal lobe [FMA256279:Surface of parietal lobe]} consists of a square-shaped convolution, which is termed the {precuneus [FMA61900:Precuneus]} or quadrate lobe.

Sentence ID: 246

{Occipital Lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} ( {lobus occipitalis [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} ).

Sentence ID: 247

- The {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} is small and {pyramidal [FMA15568:Pyramidalis]} in shape ;

Sentence ID: 247

{occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} presents three surfaces : lateral, medial , and tentorial.

Sentence ID: 249

{occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} 's lateral surface is limited in front by the lateral part of the parietoöccipital fissure ; {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} 's lateral surface is limited in front by a line carried from the end of parietoöccipital fissure to the preoccipital notch ;

Sentence ID: 249

{occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} 's lateral surface is traversed by the {transverse occipital sulci [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]}. {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} 's lateral surface is traversed by the {lateral occipital sulci [FMA83785:Lateral occipital sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 250

The {transverse occipital sulcus [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]} is continuous with the posterior end of the occipital ramus of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]}. The {transverse occipital sulcus [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]} runs across the upper part of {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}. The {transverse occipital sulcus [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]} runs a short distance behind the parietoöccipital fissure.

Sentence ID: 250

The {transverse occipital sulcus [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]} is continuous with the posterior end of the occipital ramus of the {intraparietal sulcus [FMA83772:Intraparietal sulcus]}. The {transverse occipital sulcus [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]} runs across the upper part of {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}. The {transverse occipital sulcus [FMA83786:Transverse occipital sulcus]} runs a short distance behind the parietoöccipital fissure.

Sentence ID: 251

The {lateral occipital sulcus [FMA83785:Lateral occipital sulcus]} extends from behind forward. The {lateral occipital sulcus [FMA83785:Lateral occipital sulcus]} divides the lateral {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} into a superior gyrus, which are continuous in front with the parietal and {temporal lobes [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}. The {lateral occipital sulcus [FMA83785:Lateral occipital sulcus]} divides the lateral {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} into an inferior gyrus, which are continuous in front with the parietal and {temporal lobes [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 252

The medial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} is bounded in front by the medial part of the parietoöccipital fissure. The medial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} is traversed by the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}, which subdivides medial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} into the {cuneus [FMA61903:Cuneus]}. The medial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} is traversed by the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}, which subdivides medial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} into the the {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 253

The {cuneus [FMA61903:Cuneus]} is a wedge-shaped area between the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}. The {cuneus [FMA61903:Cuneus]} is a wedge-shaped area between the medial part of the parietoöccipital fissure.

Sentence ID: 254

The {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]} lies between the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} ; The {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]} lies between the the posterior part of the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 254

behind, {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]} reaches the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} ;

Sentence ID: 254

in front, {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]} is continued on to the tentorial {surface of the temporal lobe [FMA256285:Surface of temporal lobe]}. in front, {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]} joins the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 255

The tentorial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} is limited in front by an imaginary transverse line through the {preoccipital notch [FMA83739:Preoccipital notch]}. The tentorial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} consists of the posterior part of the {fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]} ), which are separated from each other by the posterior segment of the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} .  The tentorial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} consists of the posterior part of occipitotemporal convolution ) , which are separated from each other by the posterior segment of the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}. The tentorial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]} consists of the lower part of the {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]}, which are separated from each other by the posterior segment of the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 256

{Temporal Lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} ) .  {lobus temporalis [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} ).

Sentence ID: 257

- The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} presents superior, lateral , and inferior surfaces.

Sentence ID: 258

{temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's superior surface forms the lower limit of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's superior surface overlaps the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]}.

Sentence ID: 259

On opening out the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, three or four gyri will be seen springing from the depth of the hinder end of {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ; On opening out the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, three or four gyri will be seen running obliquely forward and outward on the posterior part of the upper surface of the {superior temporal gyrus [FMA61905:Superior temporal gyrus]} ;

Sentence ID: 259

three or four gyri are named the {transverse temporal gyri [FMA72016:Set of transverse temporal gyri]} ( Heschl )

Sentence ID: 260

The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's lateral surface is bounded above by the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, ; The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's lateral surface is bounded above by the imaginary line continued backward from posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 260

below, The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's lateral surface is limited by the infero-lateral border of the hemisphere.

Sentence ID: 261

The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's lateral surface is divided into superior, middle , and inferior gyri by the superior and {middle temporal sulci [FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 262

The {superior temporal sulcus [FMA83783:Superior temporal sulcus]} runs from before backward across the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}, some little distance below , the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ; The {superior temporal sulcus [FMA83783:Superior temporal sulcus]} runs from before backward across the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}, parallel with , the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 262

and hence {superior temporal sulcus [FMA83783:Superior temporal sulcus]} is often termed the {parallel sulcus [FMA83783:Superior temporal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 263

The {middle temporal sulcus [FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]} takes the same direction as the superior. The {middle temporal sulcus [FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]} is situated at a lower level. The {middle temporal sulcus [FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]} is usually subdivided into two or more parts.

Sentence ID: 264

The {superior temporal gyrus [FMA61905:Superior temporal gyrus]} lies between the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. The {superior temporal gyrus [FMA61905:Superior temporal gyrus]} lies between the {superior temporal sulcus [FMA83783:Superior temporal sulcus]}. The {superior temporal gyrus [FMA61905:Superior temporal gyrus]} is continuous behind with the supramarginal and {angular gyri [FMA61898:Angular gyrus; FMA71018:Angular gyrus (AG)]}.

Sentence ID: 265

The {middle temporal gyrus [FMA61906:Middle temporal gyrus]} is placed between the superior and {middle temporal sulci [FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]}. The {middle temporal gyrus [FMA61906:Middle temporal gyrus]} is joined posteriorly with the {angular gyrus [FMA61898:Angular gyrus; FMA71018:Angular gyrus (AG)]}.

Sentence ID: 266

The {inferior temporal gyrus [FMA61907:Inferior temporal gyrus]} is placed below the {middle temporal sulcus [FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]} ; The {inferior temporal gyrus [FMA61907:Inferior temporal gyrus]} is connected behind with the {inferior occipital gyrus [FMA61902:Lateral occipital gyrus]} ;

Sentence ID: 266

{inferior temporal gyrus [FMA61907:Inferior temporal gyrus]} also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior {surface of the temporal lobe [FMA256285:Surface of temporal lobe]}, where {inferior temporal gyrus [FMA61907:Inferior temporal gyrus]} is limited by the inferior {sulcus [:]}.

Sentence ID: 267

The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's inferior surface is concave. The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's inferior surface is continuous posteriorly with the tentorial {surface of the occipital lobe [FMA256273:Surface of occipital lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 268

The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's inferior surface is traversed by the {inferior temporal sulcus [FMA74518:Occipitotemporal sulcus; FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]}, which extends from near the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} behind , to within a short distance of the {temporal pole [FMA71071:Temporal pole (TP); FMA74890:Temporal pole]} in front. The {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} 's inferior surface is traversed by the {inferior temporal sulcus [FMA74518:Occipitotemporal sulcus; FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]}, which is frequently subdivided by bridging gyri.

Sentence ID: 269

Lateral to {inferior temporal sulcus [FMA74518:Occipitotemporal sulcus; FMA83784:Inferior temporal sulcus]} is the narrow tentorial part of the {inferior temporal gyrus [FMA61907:Inferior temporal gyrus]} ; medial to {inferior temporal gyrus [FMA61907:Inferior temporal gyrus]} the {fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]}, which extends from the occipital to the {temporal pole [FMA71071:Temporal pole (TP); FMA74890:Temporal pole]} ;

Sentence ID: 269

{fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]} is limited medially by the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}, which separates {fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]} from the {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]} behind. {fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]} is limited medially by the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}, which separates {fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]} from the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} in front.

Sentence ID: 270

The {Insula [FMA67329:Insula]} ) lies deeply in the lateral or {Sylvian fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, .  {island of Reil [FMA67329:Insula]} ) lies deeply in the lateral or {Sylvian fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ,. {central lobe [FMA67329:Insula]} ) lies deeply in the lateral or {Sylvian fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}, .  The {Insula [FMA67329:Insula]} ) can only be seen when the {lips [FMA59815:Labial part of mouth]} of {Sylvian fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} are widely separated , since {Insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is overlapped and hidden by the gyri which bound the fissure. {island of Reil [FMA67329:Insula]} ) can only be seen when the {lips [FMA59815:Labial part of mouth]} of {Sylvian fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} are widely separated, since {Insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is overlapped and hidden by the gyri which bound the fissure .  {central lobe [FMA67329:Insula]} ) can only be seen when the {lips [FMA59815:Labial part of mouth]} of {Sylvian fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} are widely separated , since {Insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is overlapped and hidden by the gyri which bound the fissure.

Sentence ID: 271

the gyri which bound the fissure are termed the opercula of the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} ;

Sentence ID: 271

the gyri which bound the fissure are separated from each other by the three rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. the gyri which bound the fissure are named the {orbital opercula [FMA74887:Orbital operculum]}. the gyri which bound the fissure are named the {frontal opercula [FMA74886:Frontal operculum]}. the gyri which bound the fissure are named the frontoparietal opercula. the gyri which bound the fissure are named the {temporal opercula [FMA74891:Temporal operculum]}.

Sentence ID: 272

The {orbital operculum [FMA74887:Orbital operculum]} lies below the {anterior horizontal ramus of the lateral fissure [FMA83760:Anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus]}. the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} between {anterior horizontal ramus of the lateral fissure [FMA83760:Anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus]}. the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} between the {anterior ascending ramus of the lateral fissure [FMA83759:Anterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus]}. the frontoparietal between the {anterior ascending ramus of the lateral fissure [FMA83759:Anterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus]}. the frontoparietal between the upturned end of the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. the {temporal opercula [FMA74891:Temporal operculum]} below the posterior ramus of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 273

The {frontal operculum [FMA74886:Frontal operculum]} is of small size in those cases where the anterior horizontal rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} arise from a common stem. The {frontal operculum [FMA74886:Frontal operculum]} is of small size in those cases where the ascending rami of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} arise from a common stem.

Sentence ID: 274

The {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is surrounded by a deep {circular sulcus [FMA83753:Circular sulcus of insula]} which separates {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} from the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]}, parietal , and {temporal lobes [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 275

When the opercula have been removed, the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is seen as a triangular eminence , the apex of triangular eminence is directed toward the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}.

Sentence ID: 276

{insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is divided into a larger anterior part by a deep {sulcus [:]}, which runs backward and upward from the apex of the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]}. {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is divided into a smaller posterior part by a deep {sulcus [:]}, which runs backward and upward from the apex of the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]}.

Sentence ID: 277

{insula [FMA67329:Insula]} 's anterior part is subdivided by shallow sulci into three or four short gyri. {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} 's posterior part is formed by one long gyrus, which is often bifurcated at its upper end.

Sentence ID: 278

The cortical {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} is continuous with cortical {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the different opercula. The cortical {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} 's deep surface corresponds with the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]}.

Sentence ID: 279

{Limbic Lobe [FMA72719:Limbic lobe]} - The term {limbic lobe [FMA72719:Limbic lobe]} was introduced by Broca. {Limbic Lobe [FMA72719:Limbic lobe]} - under The term {limbic lobe [FMA72719:Limbic lobe]} Broca included the cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}, which together arch around the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. {Limbic Lobe [FMA72719:Limbic lobe]} - under The term {limbic lobe [FMA72719:Limbic lobe]} Broca included the cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}, which together arch around the the {hippocampal fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 280

cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} he separated on the morphological ground that cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} are well-developed in animals possessing a keen sense of smell ( osmatic animals ), such as the dog and fox.

Sentence ID: 281

cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} were thus regarded as a part of the {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}, but it is now recognized that cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} belong to the {neopallium [FMA62429:Neocortex]} ;

Sentence ID: 281

the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is therefore sometimes described as a part of the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]}. the {hippocampal [FMA62493:Hippocampus]} is therefore sometimes described as a part of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 282

The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is an arch-shaped convolution, lying in close relation to the superficial surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , from {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated by a slit-like fissure. {gyrus cinguli [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} ) is an arch-shaped convolution, lying in close relation to the superficial surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , from {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated by a slit-like fissure .  callosal convolution ) is an arch-shaped convolution , lying in close relation to the superficial surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , from {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated by a slit-like fissure. The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is an arch-shaped convolution, lying in close relation to the superficial surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , from {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated by the callosal fissure. {gyrus cinguli [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} ) is an arch-shaped convolution, lying in close relation to the superficial surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , from {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated by the callosal fissure .  callosal convolution ) is an arch-shaped convolution , lying in close relation to the superficial surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , from {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated by the callosal fissure.

Sentence ID: 283

The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} commences below the {rostrum of the corpus callosum [FMA61945:Rostrum of corpus callosum; FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]}, curves around in front of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's {genu [FMA24974:Knee]}. The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} commences below the {rostrum of the corpus callosum [FMA61945:Rostrum of corpus callosum; FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]}, extends along the upper surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's body. The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} commences below the {rostrum of the corpus callosum [FMA61945:Rostrum of corpus callosum; FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]}, finally turns downward behind the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} , where The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is connected by a narrow isthmus with the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 284

The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated from the medial part of the {superior frontal gyrus [FMA61857:Superior frontal gyrus]} by the {cingulate sulcus [FMA83748:Cingulate sulcus]}. The {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} is separated from the {precuneus [FMA61900:Precuneus]} by the {subparietal sulcus [FMA83777:Subparietal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 285

The {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} ) is bounded above by the {hippocampal fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} .  The {gyrus hippocampi [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} ) is bounded above by the {hippocampal fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]}. The {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} ) is bounded below by the anterior part of the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]} .  The {gyrus hippocampi [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} ) is bounded below by the anterior part of the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 286

Behind, {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} is continuous superiorly , through the isthmus , with the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]}. Behind, {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} is continuous inferiorly with the {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 287

Running in the substance of the cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}, and connecting the substance of the cingulate and {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} together , is a tract of arched fibers , named the {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]} ( page 843 ).

Sentence ID: 288

The anterior extremity of the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} is recurved in the form of a hook ),  The anterior extremity of the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} is recurved in the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} ) ,

Sentence ID: 288

{uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} is separated from the apex of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} by a slight fissure. {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} is separated from the apex of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} by the {incisura [FMA74524:Anterior cerebellar incisure; FMA75036:Notch]} {temporalis [FMA49006:Temporalis]}.

Sentence ID: 289

Although superficially continuous with the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}, the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} forms morphologically a part of the {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}.

Sentence ID: 290

The {Hippocampal Fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} begins immediately behind the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]}. The fissura {hippocampi [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} ) begins immediately behind the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]} .  The {dentate fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} ) begins immediately behind the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]}. The {Hippocampal Fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} runs forward between the {hippocampal [FMA62493:Hippocampus]}. The fissura {hippocampi [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} ) runs forward between the {hippocampal [FMA62493:Hippocampus]} .  The {dentate fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} ) runs forward between the {hippocampal [FMA62493:Hippocampus]}. The {Hippocampal Fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} runs forward between the {dentate gyri [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]}. The fissura {hippocampi [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} ) runs forward between the {dentate gyri [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} .  The {dentate fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} ) runs forward between the {dentate gyri [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]}. The {Hippocampal Fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} end in the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]}. The fissura {hippocampi [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} ) end in the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} .  The {dentate fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} ) end in the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]}.

Sentence ID: 291

{Hippocampal Fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} is a complete fissure ( page 819 ). {Hippocampal Fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} gives rise to the prominence of the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} in the {inferior cornu of the lateral ventricle [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 292

{Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises the olfactory lobe. {Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]}. {Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises the subcallosal and {supracallosal gyri [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]},. {Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises the {fascia dentata [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]}. {Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises {hippocampi [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}. {Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]}. {Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]}. {Rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} - The {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]} comprises the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}.

Sentence ID: 293

1.

Sentence ID: 294

The Olfactory Lobe ) is situated under the inferior or {orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]} .  {lobus [FMA13367:Lobe of thyroid gland; FMA45728:Anatomical lobe]} olfactorius ) is situated under the inferior or {orbital surface of the frontal lobe [FMA57406:Cerebral surface of orbital part of frontal bone]}.

Sentence ID: 295

In many vertebrates Olfactory Lobe constitutes a well-marked portion of the hemisphere ; In many vertebrates Olfactory Lobe contains an extension of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} ;

Sentence ID: 295

but in man The Olfactory Lobe is rudimentary. but in some other mammals The Olfactory Lobe is rudimentary.

Sentence ID: 296

The Olfactory Lobe consists of the {olfactory bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} and tract. The Olfactory Lobe consists of the {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]}. The Olfactory Lobe consists of the {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} of Broca. The Olfactory Lobe consists of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}.

Sentence ID: 297

( a ) The {olfactory bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} ) is an oval, reddish-gray mass which rests on the {cribriform plate [FMA52890:Cribriform plate]} of the {ethmoid [FMA52740:Ethmoid]} .  ( a ) The {bulbus olfactorius [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} ) is an oval , reddish-gray mass which rests on the {cribriform plate [FMA52890:Cribriform plate]} of the {ethmoid [FMA52740:Ethmoid]}. ( a ) The {olfactory bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} ) forms the anterior expanded extremity of the {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} .  ( a ) The {bulbus olfactorius [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} ) forms the anterior expanded extremity of the {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]}.

Sentence ID: 298

{olfactory bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} 's under surface receives the {olfactory nerves [FMA75450:Set of olfactory nerves]} ,

Sentence ID: 298

{olfactory nerves [FMA75450:Set of olfactory nerves]} pass upward through the {cribriform plate [FMA52890:Cribriform plate]} of the {ethmoid [FMA52740:Ethmoid]} from the olfactory region of the {nasal cavity [FMA54378:Nasal cavity]}.

Sentence ID: 299

{olfactory bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} 's minute structure is described on page 848.

Sentence ID: 300

( b ) The {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} ) is a narrow white band, triangular on {coronal [FMA264717:Coronale]} section , the apex being directed upward .  ( b ) The {tractus olfactorius [FMA77626:Olfactory tract]} ) is a narrow white band , triangular on {coronal [FMA264717:Coronale]} section , the apex being directed upward.

Sentence ID: 301

{olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} lies in the {olfactory sulcus [FMA83769:Olfactory sulcus]} on the inferior {surface of the frontal lobe [FMA256267:Surface of frontal lobe]}. {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} divides posteriorly into two striæ, a medial. {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} divides posteriorly into two striæ, a lateral.

Sentence ID: 302

The {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} 's lateral stria is directed across the lateral part of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}. The {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} 's lateral stria then bends abruptly medialward toward the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} of the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 303

The {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} 's medial stria turns medialward behind the {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} ; The {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} 's medial stria ends in the {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} ;

Sentence ID: 303

in some cases a small intermediate stria is seen running backward to the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}.

Sentence ID: 304

( c ) The {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} ) is a small triangular area in front of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} . ( c ) {trigonum olfactorium [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} ) is a small triangular area in front of the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}.

Sentence ID: 305

The {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} 's apex, directed forward , occupies the posterior part of the {olfactory sulcus [FMA83769:Olfactory sulcus]}. The {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} 's apex, directed forward , is brought into view by throwing {back [FMA24205:Surface of back]} the {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]}.

Sentence ID: 306

( d ) The {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} of Broca ) is a small triangular field on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]}, ( d ) {area parolfactoria [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} ) is a small triangular field on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} ,

Sentence ID: 306

from {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} of Broca is separated by the {posterior parolfactory sulcus [FMA83745:Posterior parolfactory sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 306

{parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} of Broca is continuous below with the {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} ; {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} of Broca is continuous above with the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} ; {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} of Broca is continuous in front with the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} ;

Sentence ID: 306

{parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} of Broca is limited anteriorly by the {anterior parolfactory sulcus [FMA83744:Anterior parolfactory sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 307

( e ) The {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} ) is an irregularly quadrilateral area in front of the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]}, ( e ) {substantia perforata anterior [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} ) is an irregularly quadrilateral area in front of the {optic tract [FMA62046:Optic tract]} , ( e ) The {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} ) is an irregularly quadrilateral area behind the {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} , ( e ) {substantia perforata anterior [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} ) is an irregularly quadrilateral area behind the {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} ,

Sentence ID: 307

from the {olfactory trigone [FMA74883:Olfactory trigone]} {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} is separated by the {fissure prima [FMA83729:Primary fissure of cerebellum]} ;

Sentence ID: 307

medially {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} is continuous with the {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} ; in front {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} is continuous with the {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} ;

Sentence ID: 307

laterally {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} is bounded by the lateral stria of the {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]}. laterally {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} is continued into the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]}.

Sentence ID: 308

{anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} 's {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} is confluent above with {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]},. {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} 's {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} is perforated anteriorly by numerous small bloodvessels.

Sentence ID: 309

2.

Sentence ID: 310

The {Uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} has already been described ( page 826 ) as the recurved, hook-like portion of the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 311

3.

Sentence ID: 312

The Subcallosal, Supracallosal , and {Dentate Gyri [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} form a rudimentary arch-shaped lamina of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} extending over the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. The Subcallosal, Supracallosal , and {Dentate Gyri [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} form a rudimentary arch-shaped lamina of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} extending above the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} from the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} to the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]}.

Sentence ID: 313

( a ) The {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}, behind the {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]}. ( a ) {gyrus subcallosus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} ) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}, behind the {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]} . ( a ) peduncle of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]} , behind the {parolfactory area [FMA61890:Subcallosal area]}. ( a ) The {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}, below the {rostrum of the corpus callosum [FMA61945:Rostrum of corpus callosum; FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]}. ( a ) {gyrus subcallosus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} ) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}, below the {rostrum of the corpus callosum [FMA61945:Rostrum of corpus callosum; FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]} . ( a ) peduncle of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]} , below the {rostrum of the corpus callosum [FMA61945:Rostrum of corpus callosum; FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 314

{subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} is continuous around the {genu of the corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]} with the {supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 315

( b ) The {supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]} consists of a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} in contact with the upper surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. ( b ) {indusium griseum [FMA62488:Induseum griseum]} ) consists of a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} in contact with the upper surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} . ( b ) gyrus epicallosus ) consists of a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} in contact with the upper surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. ( b ) The {supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]} consists of a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} continuous laterally with the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]}. ( b ) {indusium griseum [FMA62488:Induseum griseum]} ) consists of a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} continuous laterally with the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} . ( b ) gyrus epicallosus ) consists of a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} continuous laterally with the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 316

{supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]} contains two longitudinally directed strands of fibers termed respectively the medial and {lateral longitudinal stri [FMA62439:Lateral longitudinal stria]}æ.

Sentence ID: 317

The {supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]} is prolonged around the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]} as a delicate lamina, The {supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]} is prolonged around the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]} as the {fasciola cinerea [FMA61921:Fasciolar gyrus]} ,

Sentence ID: 317

the {fasciola cinerea [FMA61921:Fasciolar gyrus]} is continuous below with the {fascia dentata hippocampi [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]}.

Sentence ID: 318

( c ) The {fascia dentata hippocampi [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is a narrow band extending downward and forward above the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} ; ( c ) The {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} ) is a narrow band extending downward and forward above the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} ; ( c ) The {fascia dentata hippocampi [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is a narrow band separated from {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} by the {hippocampal fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} ; ( c ) The {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} ) is a narrow band separated from {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} by the {hippocampal fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 318

{fascia dentata hippocampi [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} 's free margin is notched and overlapped by the fimbria - the {fimbriodentate fissure [FMA83728:Fimbriodentate fissure]} intervening.

Sentence ID: 319

Anteriorly {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is continued into the {notch [FMA75036:Notch]} of the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]}, where {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} forms a sharp bend Anteriorly {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is continued into the {notch [FMA75036:Notch]} of the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} , where {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is then prolonged as a delicate band , over the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} , Anteriorly {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is continued into the {notch [FMA75036:Notch]} of the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} , where {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is then prolonged {as the band [FMA67918:Anisotropic band]} of Giacomini , over the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} ,

Sentence ID: 319

on the lateral surface of {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} {gyrus dentatus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} is lost.

Sentence ID: 320

The remaining parts of the {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}, viz. , the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]}, will be described in connection with the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}. The remaining parts of the {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}, viz. , the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]}, will be described in connection with the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}. The remaining parts of the {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}, viz. , the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}, will be described in connection with the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 321

Interior of the {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 322

- If the upper part of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be removed, at a level about 1.25 cm. above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}, the central {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} will be exposed as an oval-shaped area , surrounded by a narrow convoluted margin of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}. - If the upper part of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be removed, at a level about 1.25 cm. above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}, the central {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} will be exposed as the {centrum ovale [FMA61939:Semioval center]} minus , surrounded by a narrow convoluted margin of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}. - If the upper part of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be removed, at a level about 1.25 cm. above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}, the central {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} will be exposed as an oval-shaped area , studded with numerous minute red dots , produced by the escape of blood from divided {blood [FMA9670:Portion of blood]}vessels. - If the upper part of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be removed, at a level about 1.25 cm. above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}, the central {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} will be exposed as the {centrum ovale [FMA61939:Semioval center]} minus , studded with numerous minute red dots , produced by the escape of blood from divided {blood [FMA9670:Portion of blood]}vessels. - If the upper part of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be removed, at a level about 1.25 cm. above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}, the central {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} will be exposed as an oval-shaped area , studded with puncta vasculosa ) , produced by the escape of blood from divided {blood [FMA9670:Portion of blood]}vessels . - If the upper part of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be removed , at a level about 1.25 cm . above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , the central {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} will be exposed as the {centrum ovale [FMA61939:Semioval center]} minus , studded with puncta vasculosa ) , produced by the escape of blood from divided {blood [FMA9670:Portion of blood]}vessels.

Sentence ID: 324

If the remaining portions of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be slightly drawn apart a broad band of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, will be observed , connecting {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} at the bottom of the {longitudinal fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} ; If the remaining portions of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be slightly drawn apart the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} , will be observed , connecting {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} at the bottom of the {longitudinal fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} ;

Sentence ID: 324

the margins of {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} which overlap the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} are called the labia {cerebri [FMA62000:Telencephalon]}.

Sentence ID: 325

labia {cerebri [FMA62000:Telencephalon]} is part of the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} already described ;

Sentence ID: 325

and the slit-like interval between labia {cerebri [FMA62000:Telencephalon]} is termed the callosal fissure and the slit-like interval between the upper surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} is termed the callosal fissure

Sentence ID: 325

If {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} be sliced off to a level with the upper surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}, the {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} of {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} will be seen connecting the two {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 326

The large expanse of medullary matter now exposed, surrounded by the convoluted margin of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} , is called the {centrum ovale [FMA61939:Semioval center]} majus.

Sentence ID: 327

The {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} is the great transverse commissure which unites the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}. The {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} is the great transverse commissure which roofs in the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 328

A good conception of {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's position and size is obtained by examining a median sagittal section of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} when {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} is seen to form an arched structure about 10 cm. long.

Sentence ID: 330

{Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's anterior end is about 4 cm. from the {frontal pole [FMA71028:Frontal pole (FP); FMA74885:Frontal pole]} {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's posterior end about 6 cm. from the {occipital pole [FMA71036:Occipital pole (OP); FMA74892:Occipital pole]} of the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 333

{Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's anterior end is named the {genu [FMA24974:Knee; FMA74402:Structural gene]} ; {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's anterior end is bent downward and backward in front of the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ;

Sentence ID: 333

diminishing rapidly in thickness, {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} is prolonged backward under the name of the rostrum ,

Sentence ID: 333

the rostrum is connected below with the {lamina terminalis [FMA61975:Lamina terminalis]}.

Sentence ID: 334

The {anterior cerebral arteries [FMA50028:Anterior cerebral artery]} are in contact with the under surface of the rostrum ;

Sentence ID: 334

{anterior cerebral arteries [FMA50028:Anterior cerebral artery]} then arch over the front of the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]}. {anterior cerebral arteries [FMA50028:Anterior cerebral artery]} then are carried backward above the {body of the corpus callosum [FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 335

The posterior end is termed the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]}. The posterior end constitutes the thickest part of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 336

{splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} overlaps the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]}. {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} overlaps the {mid-brain [FMA61993:Midbrain]}. {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} ends in a thick, convex , free border.

Sentence ID: 337

A sagittal section of the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} shows that the posterior end of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} is acutely bent forward, the upper and lower parts being applied to each other.

Sentence ID: 338

{Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface is convex from before backward {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface is about 2.5 cm. wide.

Sentence ID: 340

{Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface 's medial part forms the bottom of the {longitudinal fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]},. {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface 's medial part is in contact posteriorly with the lower border of the {falx cerebri [FMA83967:Falx cerebri]}.

Sentence ID: 341

Laterally {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface is overlapped by the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]}. Laterally {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface is separated from {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]} by the slit-like callosal fissure.

Sentence ID: 342

{Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface is traversed by numerous transverse {ridges [FMA75035:Crest]} and furrows, {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's superior surface is covered by a thin layer of {gray matter [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} , the {supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]} ,

Sentence ID: 342

the {supracallosal gyrus [FMA61920:Supracallosal gyrus]} exhibits on either side of {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's middle line the medial and {lateral longitudinal stri [FMA62439:Lateral longitudinal stria]}æ, already described ( page 827 ).

Sentence ID: 343

{Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's inferior surface is concave. {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's inferior surface forms on either side of the middle line the roof of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 344

Medially, {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's inferior surface is attached in front to the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ;

Sentence ID: 344

behind {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} {Corpus Callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's inferior surface is fused with the upper {surface of the body [FMA61695:Body surface]} of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} behind {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]} is in contact with the {tela chorioidea [FMA242849:Tela choroidea]}.

Sentence ID: 345

On either side, the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} radiate in the {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} ; On either side , the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex ;

Sentence ID: 345

the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} curving forward from the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} into the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} constitute the forceps anterior,. the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} curving backward into the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} constitute the forceps posterior.

Sentence ID: 346

Between the forceps anterior is the main body of the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} which constitute the {tapetum [FMA77208:Tapetum]}. Between the forceps anterior is the main body of the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} which extend laterally on either side into the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}. Between the forceps anterior is the main body of the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} which cover in the {central part of the lateral ventricle [FMA83703:Body of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 347

The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} - The two {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} are irregular {cavities [:]} situated in the lower and medial parts of the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}, one on either side of the middle line. The {ventriculus lateralis [FMA74520:Frontal horn of lateral ventricle; FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle; FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle; FMA83703:Body of lateral ventricle]} ) - The two {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} are irregular {cavities [:]} situated in the lower and medial parts of the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}, one on either side of the middle line.

Sentence ID: 348

The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} are separated from each other by a median vertical partition. The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} are separated from each other by the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]}. The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} communicate with the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} communicate indirectly with each other through the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}.

Sentence ID: 349

The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} are lined by a thin, diaphanous membrane , covered by ciliated {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]}. The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} are lined by the {ependyma [FMA242791:Ependyma of neuraxis]}, covered by ciliated {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]}. The {Lateral Ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} contain {cerebrospinal fluid [FMA20935:Cerebrospinal fluid]}, which , even in health , may be secreted in considerable amount.

Sentence ID: 350

Each {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} consists of a central part or body,. Each {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} consists of three prolongations from body, termed cornua.

Sentence ID: 351

The {central part of the lateral ventricle [FMA83703:Body of lateral ventricle]} extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]}. {pars centralis ventriculi lateralis [FMA83703:Body of lateral ventricle]} ) of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]} .  cella ) of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 352

The central part is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section , with a roof. The central part is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section , with a floor. The central part is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section , with a medial wall.

Sentence ID: 353

The central part roof is formed by the under surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ;

Sentence ID: 353

The central part 's floor is formed by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position , from before backward : the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} ; The central part 's floor is formed by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position , from before backward : the {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} ; The central part 's floor is formed by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position , from before backward : the terminal vein ; The central part 's floor is formed by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position , from before backward : the lateral portion of the upper surface of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ; The central part 's floor is formed by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position , from before backward : the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} ; The central part 's floor is formed by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position , from before backward : the lateral part of the fornix ;

Sentence ID: 354

The central part 's medial wall is the posterior part of the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ,

Sentence ID: 354

The central part 's medial wall separates The central part 's medial wall from the opposite {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 355

{lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu passes forward and lateralward. {cornu anterius [FMA74520:Frontal horn of lateral ventricle]} ) passes forward and lateralward .  anterior horn ) passes forward and lateralward. precornu ) passes forward and lateralward .  {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu passes with a slight inclination downward .   {cornu anterius [FMA74520:Frontal horn of lateral ventricle]} ) passes with a slight inclination downward. anterior horn ) passes with a slight inclination downward .  precornu ) passes with a slight inclination downward. {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu passes from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} into the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]}. {cornu anterius [FMA74520:Frontal horn of lateral ventricle]} ) passes from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} into the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} .  anterior horn ) passes from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} into the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]}. precornu ) passes from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} into the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} .  {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu passes curving around the anterior end of the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} .   {cornu anterius [FMA74520:Frontal horn of lateral ventricle]} ) passes curving around the anterior end of the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. anterior horn ) passes curving around the anterior end of the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} .  precornu ) passes curving around the anterior end of the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 356

{lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu 's floor is formed by the upper surface of the reflected portion of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu 's floor is formed by the upper surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} 's rostrum.

Sentence ID: 357

{lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu is bounded medially by the anterior portion of the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]}. {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu is bounded laterally by the {head of the caudate nucleus [FMA61852:Head of caudate nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 358

{lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's anterior cornu 's apex reaches the posterior surface of the {genu of the corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 359

{lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's {posterior cornu [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} passes into the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}, its direction being backward and lateralward. {cornu posterius [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} ) passes into the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}, its direction being backward and lateralward .   postcornu )  passes into the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} , its direction being backward and lateralward. {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's {posterior cornu [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} passes into the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}, its direction being then medialward. {cornu posterius [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} ) passes into the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}, its direction being then medialward .   postcornu )  passes into the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} , its direction being then medialward.

Sentence ID: 360

{lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's {posterior cornu [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} 's roof is formed by the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} passing to the temporal and {occipital lobes [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 361

On {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's {posterior cornu [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} 's medial wall is a longitudinal eminence , On {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's {posterior cornu [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} 's medial wall is the {calcar avis [FMA78438:Calcarine spur; FMA83707:Calcar avis]} ),  On {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} 's {posterior cornu [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} 's medial wall is the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} minor ) ,

Sentence ID: 361

the {calcar avis [FMA78438:Calcarine spur; FMA83707:Calcar avis]} is an involution of the {ventricular wall [FMA13884:Wall of ventricle]} produced by the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 362

Above {calcar avis [FMA78438:Calcarine spur; FMA83707:Calcar avis]} the forceps posterior of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}, sweeping around to enter the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} , causes another projection , termed the {bulb of the posterior cornu [FMA83699:Bulb of occipital horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 363

The {calcar avis [FMA78438:Calcarine spur; FMA83707:Calcar avis]} are extremely variable in their degree of development ; {bulb of the posterior cornu [FMA83699:Bulb of occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} are extremely variable in their degree of development ;

Sentence ID: 363

in some cases The {calcar avis [FMA78438:Calcarine spur; FMA83707:Calcar avis]} and {bulb of the posterior cornu [FMA83699:Bulb of occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} are ill-defined ,

Sentence ID: 363

in some cases The {calcar avis [FMA78438:Calcarine spur; FMA83707:Calcar avis]} and {bulb of the posterior cornu [FMA83699:Bulb of occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} prominent.

Sentence ID: 364

The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} ) the largest of the three, traverses the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} , forming in {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's course a curve around the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} .  cornu inferior ) the largest of the three , traverses the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} , forming in {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's course a curve around the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. descending horn ) the largest of the three, traverses the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} , forming in {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's course a curve around the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} .  middle horn ) the largest of the three , traverses the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} , forming in {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's course a curve around the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. medicornu ) the largest of the three, traverses the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} , forming in {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's course a curve around the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 365

The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} passes at first backward, lateralward , and downward. The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} then curves forward to within 2.5 cm. of the apex of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}, The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's direction being fairly well indicated on the {surface of the brain [FMA86594:Surface of brain]} by direction of the {superior temporal sulcus [FMA83783:Superior temporal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 367

The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's roof is formed chiefly by the inferior surface of the {tapetum [FMA77208:Tapetum]} of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ,

Sentence ID: 367

but the {tail of the caudate nucleus [FMA61854:Tail of caudate nucleus]} and the {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} also extend forward in the roof of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} to its extremity ;

Sentence ID: 367

the {tail of the caudate nucleus [FMA61854:Tail of caudate nucleus]} joins the {putamen [FMA61834:Putamen]}.

Sentence ID: 368

The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's floor presents the following parts : the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}. The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's floor presents the following parts : the {fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]}. The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's floor presents the following parts : the {collateral eminence [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]}. The {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} 's floor presents the following parts : the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 370

When the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} is removed, a cleft-like opening is left along the medial wall of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} ;

Sentence ID: 370

a cleft-like opening is left along the medial wall of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} constitutes the lower part of the {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]}.

Sentence ID: 371

The {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} ) is a curved eminence, about 5 cm . long ,   {hippocampus major [FMA62493:Hippocampus]} )  is a curved eminence , about 5 cm. long ,

Sentence ID: 372

The {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} extends throughout the entire length of the floor of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 373

The {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} 's lower end is enlarged , The {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} 's lower end presents two or three rounded elevations or digitations which give it a paw-like appearance ,

Sentence ID: 373

and hence The {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} 's lower end is named the {pes hippocampi [FMA84032:Set of hippocampal digitations]}.

Sentence ID: 374

If a transverse section be made through the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}, it will be seen that {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} is produced by the folding of the wall of the hemisphere to form the {hippocampal fissure [FMA83747:Hippocampal sulcus]}.

Sentence ID: 375

The main mass of the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} consists of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} , on the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} 's ventricular surface is a thin white layer , on the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} 's ventricular surface is the {alveus [FMA83867:Alveus of hippocampus]} ,

Sentence ID: 375

the {alveus [FMA83867:Alveus of hippocampus]} is continuous with the {fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]}.

Sentence ID: 376

The {collateral eminence [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} ) is an elongated swelling lying lateral to the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} .  The {eminentia collateralis [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} ) is an elongated swelling lying lateral to the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}. The {collateral eminence [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} ) is an elongated swelling lying parallel with the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} .  The {eminentia collateralis [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} ) is an elongated swelling lying parallel with the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}.

Sentence ID: 377

{collateral eminence [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} corresponds with the middle part of the {collateral fissure [FMA83751:Collateral sulcus]}. {collateral eminence [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} 's size depends on the depth and direction of this fissure.

Sentence ID: 378

{collateral eminence [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} is continuous behind with a flattened triangular area, situated between the posterior and {inferior cornua [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}. {collateral eminence [FMA83706:Collateral eminence]} is continuous behind with the {trigonum collaterale [FMA83713:Collateral trigone]}, situated between the posterior and {inferior cornua [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 379

The {fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]} is a continuation of the {crus [FMA24979:Leg]} of the fornix ; The {fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]} will be discussed with the fornix ;

Sentence ID: 379

a description of the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} will be found on page 840.

Sentence ID: 380

The {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} has received its name from the striped appearance which a section of {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} 's anterior part presents, in consequence of diverging white fibers being mixed with the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} which forms {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} 's chief mass.

Sentence ID: 381

A part of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is imbedded in the {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} of the hemisphere ; A part of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is therefore external to the ventricle ;

Sentence ID: 381

A part of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is termed the extraventricular portion, or the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ;

Sentence ID: 381

A part of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]}, however , projects into the ventricle A part of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]}, however , is named the intraventricular portion , or the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}

Sentence ID: 382

The {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} ) is a pear-shaped, highly arched gray mass ;   The {nucleus caudatus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} )  is a pear-shaped , highly arched gray mass ; The {caudatum [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} ) is a pear-shaped, highly arched gray mass ;

Sentence ID: 382

{caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's broad extremity, or {head [FMA7154:Head]} , is directed forward into the anterior cornu of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} ; {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's broad extremity, or {head [FMA7154:Head]} , is continuous with the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} ; {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's broad extremity, or {head [FMA7154:Head]} , is continuous with the anterior end of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ;

Sentence ID: 382

{caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail , is directed backward on the lateral side of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ,

Sentence ID: 382

from the lateral side of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is separated by the {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]}. from the lateral side of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is separated by the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]}.

Sentence ID: 383

{caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is then continued downward into the roof of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}. {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is then ends in the {putamen [FMA61834:Putamen]} near the apex of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 384

{caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is covered by the lining of the ventricle. {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is crossed by some {veins [FMA63814:Set of veins]} of considerable size.

Sentence ID: 385

{caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is separated from the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , in the greater part of its extent , by a thick lamina of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} , {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's narrow end, or tail is separated from the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , in the greater part of its extent , by called the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} ,

Sentence ID: 385

but {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} 's broad extremity, or {head [FMA7154:Head]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} are united in front.

Sentence ID: 386

The {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is lateral to the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} .  {nucleus lentiformis [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is lateral to the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. {lenticular nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is lateral to the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} .  lenticula ) is lateral to the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. The {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is lateral to the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} .  {nucleus lentiformis [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is lateral to the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. {lenticular nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is lateral to the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} .  lenticula ) is lateral to the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is seen only in sections of the hemisphere .  {nucleus lentiformis [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is seen only in sections of the hemisphere. {lenticular nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ) is seen only in sections of the hemisphere .  lenticula ) is seen only in sections of the hemisphere.

Sentence ID: 387

When divided horizontally, {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} exhibits , to some extent , the appearance of a biconvex {lens [FMA58241:Lens]} while a {coronal [FMA264717:Coronale]} section of {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} 's central part presents a somewhat triangular outline.

Sentence ID: 388

{lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} is shorter than the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} does not extend as far forward.

Sentence ID: 389

{lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} is bounded laterally by a lamina of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}. {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} is bounded laterally the {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]}. lateral to {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} is a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}. lateral to {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} is the {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]}.

Sentence ID: 390

{lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} 's anterior end is continuous with the lower part of the {head of the caudate nucleus [FMA61852:Head of caudate nucleus]}. {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} 's anterior end is continuous with the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}.

Sentence ID: 391

In a {coronal [FMA264717:Coronale]} section through the middle of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]}, two medullary laminæ are seen dividing the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} into three parts.

Sentence ID: 392

The lateral and largest part is of a reddish color, while the medial and intermediate are of a yellowish tint ; The lateral and largest part is known as the {putamen [FMA61834:Putamen]}, while the medial and intermediate are of a yellowish tint ; The lateral and largest part is of a reddish color, while the medial and intermediate together constitute the {globus pallidus [FMA61835:Globus pallidus; FMA61839:Lateral globus pallidus; FMA61840:Medial globus pallidus; FMA62469:Lateral medullary lamina of globus pallidus; FMA62470:Medial medullary lamina of globus pallidus]} ; The lateral and largest part is known as the {putamen [FMA61834:Putamen]}, while the medial and intermediate together constitute the {globus pallidus [FMA61835:Globus pallidus; FMA61839:Lateral globus pallidus; FMA61840:Medial globus pallidus; FMA62469:Lateral medullary lamina of globus pallidus; FMA62470:Medial medullary lamina of globus pallidus]} ;

Sentence ID: 392

{putamen [FMA61834:Putamen]} are marked by fine radiating white fibers, which are most distinct in the {putamen [FMA61834:Putamen]}

Sentence ID: 393

The {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is traversed by {nerve fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]}, some of which originate in {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]}.

Sentence ID: 394

{gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} 's cells are multipolar, both large and small ;

Sentence ID: 394

{gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} 's cells of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} contain yellow pigment.

Sentence ID: 395

The {caudate [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} and {lentiform nuclei [FMA84037:Set of lentiform nuclei]} are not only directly continuous with each other anteriorly. The {caudate [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} and {lentiform nuclei [FMA84037:Set of lentiform nuclei]} are connected to each other by numerous fibers.

Sentence ID: 396

The {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is also connected : ( 1 ) to the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}, by what are termed the corticostriate fibers. The {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is also connected : ( 2 ) to the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}, by fibers which pass through the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]}. The {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is also connected : ( 2 ) to the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}, by a strand named the ansa lentiformis. The {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} is also connected : ( 3 ) to the {cerebral peduncle [FMA62394:Peduncle of midbrain; FMA72464:Cerebral crus]}, by fibers which leave the lower aspect of the {caudate [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} and {lentiform nuclei [FMA84037:Set of lentiform nuclei]}.

Sentence ID: 398

The {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} is a thin layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}, situated on the lateral surface of the {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]}.

Sentence ID: 399

{claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} 's transverse section is triangular, with the apex directed upward.

Sentence ID: 400

{claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} 's medial surface, contiguous to the {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} , is smooth. {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} 's lateral surface presents {ridges [FMA75035:Crest]} and furrows corresponding with the gyri and sulci of the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]}, with which {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} is in close relationship.

Sentence ID: 401

The {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} is regarded as a detached portion of the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} ,

Sentence ID: 401

from {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} is separated by a layer of white fibers from {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} is separated by the {capsula extrema [FMA61960:Extreme capsule]}. from {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} is separated by the band of Baillarger ).

Sentence ID: 402

{claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} 's cells are small and spindle-shaped ; {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} 's cells contain yellow pigment ;

Sentence ID: 402

{claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} 's cells are similar to cells of the deepest layer of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 403

The {nucleus amygdalæ [FMA61841:Amygdala]} is an ovoid gray mass, situated at the lower end of the roof of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}. The {amygdala [FMA61841:Amygdala]} ) is an ovoid gray mass, situated at the lower end of the roof of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 404

{amygdala [FMA61841:Amygdala]} is merely a localized thickening of the gray {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]}, continuous with gray {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} of the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} ;

Sentence ID: 404

in front {amygdala [FMA61841:Amygdala]} is continuous with the {putamen [FMA61834:Putamen]}. in front {amygdala [FMA61841:Amygdala]} is continuous behind with the {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]}. in front {amygdala [FMA61841:Amygdala]} is continuous behind with the {tail of the caudate nucleus [FMA61854:Tail of caudate nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 405

The {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} ) is a flattened band of white fibers, between the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} on the lateral side .   The {capsula interna [FMA61950:Internal capsule; FMA61952:Anterior limb of internal capsule; FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} )  is a flattened band of white fibers , between the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} on the lateral side. The {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} ) is a flattened band of white fibers, between the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} on the medial side .   The {capsula interna [FMA61950:Internal capsule; FMA61952:Anterior limb of internal capsule; FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} )  is a flattened band of white fibers , between the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} on the medial side. The {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} ) is a flattened band of white fibers, between the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} on the medial side .   The {capsula interna [FMA61950:Internal capsule; FMA61952:Anterior limb of internal capsule; FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} )  is a flattened band of white fibers , between the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} on the medial side.

Sentence ID: 406

In horizontal section {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} is seen to be somewhat abruptly curved, with {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} 's convexity inward ;

Sentence ID: 406

the prominence of {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} 's curve is called the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]}. the prominence of {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} 's curve projects between the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. the prominence of {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} 's curve projects between the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 407

The portion in front of the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} is termed the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} part ; The portion in front of the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} separates the lentiform from the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} ;

Sentence ID: 407

the portion behind {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} 's {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} is the occipital part. the portion behind {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} 's {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} separates the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 408

The {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} part of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} contains : ( 1 ) fibers running from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} to the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]}. The {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} part of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} contains : ( 2 ) fibers connecting the lentiform and {caudate nuclei [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. The {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} part of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} contains : ( 3 ) fibers connecting the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} with the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]}. The {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} part of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} contains : ( 4 ) fibers passing from the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} through the medial fifth of the {base of the cerebral peduncle [FMA242166:Base of midbrain peduncle]} to the {nuclei pontis [FMA72512:Pontine nuclear group]}.

Sentence ID: 410

The fibers in the region of {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} 's {genu [FMA24974:Knee]} are named the {geniculate fibers [FMA61953:Genu of internal capsule]} ;

Sentence ID: 410

the {geniculate fibers [FMA61953:Genu of internal capsule]} originate in the motor part of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}. the {geniculate fibers [FMA61953:Genu of internal capsule]} after passing downward through the {base of the cerebral peduncle [FMA242166:Base of midbrain peduncle]} with {the cerebrospinal fibers [FMA265580:Corticospinal tract]}, undergo decussation. the {geniculate fibers [FMA61953:Genu of internal capsule]} after passing downward through the {base of the cerebral peduncle [FMA242166:Base of midbrain peduncle]} with {the cerebrospinal fibers [FMA265580:Corticospinal tract]}, end in the motor nuclei of the {cranial nerves [FMA63820:Set of cranial nerves]} of the opposite side.

Sentence ID: 411

The anterior two-thirds of {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} contains {the cerebrospinal fibers [FMA265580:Corticospinal tract]}, which arise in the motor area of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}. The anterior two-thirds of {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} contains {the cerebrospinal fibers [FMA265580:Corticospinal tract]}, which passing downward through the middle three-fifths of the {base of the cerebral peduncle [FMA242166:Base of midbrain peduncle]} , are continued into the {pyramids of the medulla oblongata [FMA75254:Pyramid of medulla]}.

Sentence ID: 412

The posterior third of {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} contains : ( 1 ) sensory fibers, largely derived from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} , though some may be continued upward from the {medial lemniscus [FMA83675:Medial lemniscus]}. The posterior third of {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} contains : ( 2 ) the fibers of {optic radiation [FMA61941:Optic radiation]}, from the lower visual centers to the {cortex of the occipital lobe [FMA242205:Cortex of occipital lobe]}. The posterior third of {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} contains : ( 3 ) acoustic fibers, from the {lateral lemniscus [FMA72502:Lateral lemniscus]} to the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}. The posterior third of {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} contains : ( 4 ) fibers which pass from the occipital and {temporal lobes [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} to the {nuclei pontis [FMA72512:Pontine nuclear group]}.

Sentence ID: 414

The fibers of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} radiate widely as they pass to and from the various parts of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}, forming the {corona radiata [FMA18661:Corona radiata]}. The fibers of the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} radiate widely as they pass to and from the various parts of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}, intermingling with the fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 415

The {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} ) is a lamina of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, situated lateral to the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , between {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]}  The {capsula externa [FMA61959:External capsule]} ) is a lamina of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} , situated lateral to the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , between {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} The {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} ) is a lamina of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, situated lateral to the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , between the {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]}  The {capsula externa [FMA61959:External capsule]} ) is a lamina of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} , situated lateral to the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , between the {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]} The {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} ) is continuous with the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} below and behind the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} .  The {capsula externa [FMA61959:External capsule]} ) is continuous with the {internal capsule [FMA61950:Internal capsule]} below and behind the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 416

{external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} probably contains fibers derived from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} probably contains fibers derived from the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]}. {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]} probably contains fibers derived from the {subthalamic region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 417

The {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} is a stratum consisting partly of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}, which lies below the anterior part of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} is a stratum consisting partly of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, which lies below the anterior part of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} is a stratum consisting partly of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}, which lies below the anterior part of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]}. The {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} is a stratum consisting partly of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, which lies below the anterior part of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 418

{substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} consists of three layers, superior , middle , and inferior.

Sentence ID: 419

{substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer is named the ansa lentiformis ,

Sentence ID: 419

and {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , pass medially to end in the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} , while {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers are said to end in the tegmentum. and {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , pass medially to end in the {subthalamic region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} , while {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers are said to end in the tegmentum. and {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , pass medially to end in the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} , while {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers are said to end in {red nucleus [FMA62407:Red nucleus]}. and {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} , pass medially to end in the {subthalamic region [FMA62010:Subthalamus]} , while {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's superior layer 's fibers are said to end in {red nucleus [FMA62407:Red nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 420

{substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's middle layer consists of {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]} ; {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's middle layer consists of {nerve fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} ;

Sentence ID: 420

fibers enter {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's middle layer from the {parietal lobe [FMA61826:Parietal lobe]} through the {external capsule [FMA61959:External capsule]}, while others are said to connect it with the {medial longitudinal fasciculus [FMA83846:Medial longitudinal fasciculus]}.

Sentence ID: 421

{substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's inferior layer forms the main part of the inferior stalk of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. {substantia innominata of Meynert [FMA61885:Substantia innominata]} 's inferior layer connects inferior stalk of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} with the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} and the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]}.

Sentence ID: 422

The {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} ) is a narrow band of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} situated in the depression between the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} .  The tænia semicircularis ) is a narrow band of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} situated in the depression between the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. The {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} ) is a narrow band of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} situated in the depression between the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} .  The tænia semicircularis ) is a narrow band of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} situated in the depression between the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 423

Anteriorly, {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} 's fibers are partly continued into the column of the fornix ;

Sentence ID: 423

{stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} 's fibers, however , pass over the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} to the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} between the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} 's fibers, however , pass over the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} to the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} between the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]}. {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} 's fibers are said to enter the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}.

Sentence ID: 424

Posteriorly, {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} is continued into the roof of the {inferior cornu of the lateral ventricle [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} ,

Sentence ID: 424

at the extremity of the roof of the {inferior cornu of the lateral ventricle [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} enters the {nucleus amygdalæ [FMA61841:Amygdala]}.

Sentence ID: 425

Superficial to {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} is a large {vein [FMA50723:Vein]} ),  Superficial to {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} is the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} ) , Superficial to {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} is {vein [FMA50723:Vein]} of the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} ) ,

Sentence ID: 425

the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} receives numerous tributaries from the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} ; the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} receives numerous tributaries from the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ;

Sentence ID: 425

{terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} runs forward to the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}. {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} there joins with the {vein [FMA50723:Vein]} of the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} to form the corresponding {internal cerebral vein [FMA51003:Internal cerebral vein]}.

Sentence ID: 426

On the surface of the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} is a narrow white band. On the surface of the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} is the {lamina affixa [FMA83709:Lamina affixa]}.

Sentence ID: 427

The {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} is a longitudinal, arch-shaped lamella of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}. The {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} is situated below the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. The {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} is continuous with {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} behind. The {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} is separated from {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} in front by the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]}.

Sentence ID: 428

{Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} may be described as consisting of two symmetrical bands, one for either hemisphere.

Sentence ID: 429

{Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's two symmetrical bands are not united to each other in front. {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's two symmetrical bands are not united to each other behind. {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's two symmetrical bands 's central parts are joined together in the middle line.

Sentence ID: 430

{Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's anterior parts are called the columns of the fornix ;

Sentence ID: 430

{Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's intermediate united portions are called the body. {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's posterior parts are called the crura.

Sentence ID: 431

{Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's {body ( corpus fornicis ) of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} is triangular, narrow in front. {Fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's {body ( corpus fornicis ) of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} is broad behind.

Sentence ID: 432

The medial part of {corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's upper surface is connected to the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} in front. The medial part of {corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's upper surface is connected to the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} behind.

Sentence ID: 433

The lateral portion of {corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's upper surface forms part of the floor of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}. The lateral portion of {corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's upper surface is covered by the ventricular {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]}.

Sentence ID: 434

{corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's lateral edge overlaps the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]}. {corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's lateral edge is continuous with the epithelial covering of {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 435

{corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's under surface rests upon the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} ,

Sentence ID: 435

the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} separates {corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's under surface from the epithelial roof of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}. the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} separates {corpus fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} 's under surface from the medial portions of the upper surfaces of the {thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 436

Below, the lateral portions of the {body of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} are joined by a thin triangular lamina. Below, the lateral portions of the {body of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} are joined by the psalterium ( lyra ).

Sentence ID: 437

psalterium contains some transverse fibers which connect the two {hippocampi [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} across the middle line. psalterium contains some transverse fibers which constitute the {hippocampal commissure [FMA61970:Commissure of fornix of forebrain]}.

Sentence ID: 438

Between the psalterium a horizontal cleft, the so-called ventricle of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} ) , is sometimes found .  Between the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} a horizontal cleft , the so-called ventricle of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} ) , is sometimes found. Between the psalterium a horizontal cleft, the so-called ventricle of Verga ) , is sometimes found .  Between the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} a horizontal cleft , the so-called ventricle of Verga ) , is sometimes found.

Sentence ID: 439

The columns ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward in front of the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}  The {columna fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward in front of the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} The anterior pillars ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward in front of the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}  The fornicolumns ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward in front of the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} The columns ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward behind the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]}  The {columna fornicis [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward behind the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} The anterior pillars ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward behind the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]}  The fornicolumns ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} arch downward behind the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} columns descends through the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} in the lateral {wall of the third ventricle [FMA242776:Wall of third ventricle]} to the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]} ,

Sentence ID: 439

the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]} columns ends in the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}.

Sentence ID: 440

From the cells of the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} the {thalamomammillary fasciculus [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ) takes origin .  From the cells of the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} the {bundle of Vicq d’Azyr [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ) takes origin. From the cells of the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} the {thalamomammillary fasciculus [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ) is prolonged into the {anterior nucleus of the thalamus [FMA62019:Anterior nuclear group of thalamus]} .  From the cells of the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} the {bundle of Vicq d’Azyr [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} ) is prolonged into the {anterior nucleus of the thalamus [FMA62019:Anterior nuclear group of thalamus]}.

Sentence ID: 441

The {column of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} together form a loop resembling the figure 8. The the {thalamomammillary fasciculus [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]} together form a loop resembling the figure 8. the continuity of the loop is broken in the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]}.

Sentence ID: 442

The {column of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} is joined by the {stria medullaris [FMA62080:Stria medullaris of thalamus]} of the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]}. The {column of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} is joined by the superficial fibers of the {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]}. The {column of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} is said to receive also fibers from the {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]}.

Sentence ID: 443

Zuckerkandl describes an {olfactory fasciculus [FMA61973:Diagonal band]} which becomes detached from the main portion of the {column of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}. Zuckerkandl describes an {olfactory fasciculus [FMA61973:Diagonal band]} which passes downward in front of the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} to the {base of the brain [FMA77700:Basal forebrain]}, where it divides into two bundles , one joining the medial stria of the olfactory tract ; the other joins the {subcallosal gyrus [FMA61919:Paraterminal gyrus]} , and through it reaches the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 444

The crura ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} are prolonged backward from {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's body .  The posterior pillars ) of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} are prolonged backward from {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} 's body.

Sentence ID: 445

crura are flattened bands. crura at their commencement are intimately connected with the under surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 446

Diverging from one another, crura curves around the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} Diverging from one another, crura passes downward and forward into the {inferior cornu of the lateral ventricle [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}

Sentence ID: 446

Here crura lies along the concavity of the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}, on the surface of {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} some of crura 's fibers are spread out to form the {alveus [FMA83867:Alveus of hippocampus]} Here crura lies along the concavity of the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}, on the surface of {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} the remainder are continued as a narrow white band , Here crura lies along the concavity of the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]}, on the surface of {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} the remainder are continued as the {fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]} ,

Sentence ID: 446

{fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]} is prolonged into the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]} of the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 447

The inner edge of the fimbria overlaps the {fascia dentata hippocampi [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} ) ( page 827 ), from which fimbria is separated by the {fimbriodentate fissure [FMA83728:Fimbriodentate fissure]} ;  The inner edge of the fimbria overlaps the {dentate gyrus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} ) ( page 827 ) , from which fimbria is separated by the {fimbriodentate fissure [FMA83728:Fimbriodentate fissure]} ;

Sentence ID: 447

from fimbria 's lateral margin, which is thin and ragged , the ventricular {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} is reflected over the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} as {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} projects into the chorioidal fissure.

Sentence ID: 448

{Interventricular Foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ( {foramen of Monro [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ).

Sentence ID: 449

- Between the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}, an oval aperture is present on either side : - Between the anterior ends of the {thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]}, an oval aperture is present on either side :

Sentence ID: 450

oval aperture is the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}, and through {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} the {lateral ventricles [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]} communicate with the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 451

Behind the epithelial lining of {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} the {choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]} are joined across the middle line.

Sentence ID: 452

The {Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} ) is a bundle of white fibers, connecting the two {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} across the middle line .  The precommissure ) is a bundle of white fibers , connecting the two {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} across the middle line. The {Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} ) placed in front of the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]} .  The precommissure ) placed in front of the {columns of the fornix [FMA61968:Body of fornix of forebrain]}.

Sentence ID: 453

On sagittal section {Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} is oval in shape, {Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} 's long diameter being vertical. On sagittal section {Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} is oval in shape, {Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} 's long diameter measuring about 5 mm.

Sentence ID: 454

{Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} 's fibers can be traced lateralward and backward on either side beneath the {corpus striatum [FMA77616:Corpus striatum]} into the substance of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 455

{Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} serves in this way to connect the two {temporal lobes [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]},. {Anterior Commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} also contains decussating fibers from the {olfactory tracts [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]}.

Sentence ID: 456

The {Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ( {septum lucidum [FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ) is a thin, vertically placed partition consisting of two laminæ , separated in the greater part of their extent by a narrow chink or interval. The {Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ( {septum lucidum [FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} ) is a thin, vertically placed partition consisting of two laminæ , separated in the greater part of their extent by the {cavity of the septum pellucidum [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]}.

Sentence ID: 457

{Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} is attached, above , to the under surface of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ;

Sentence ID: 457

below, to the anterior part of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} behind , and the reflected portion of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} in front.

Sentence ID: 458

{Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} is triangular in form, broad in front ; {Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} is triangular in form, narrow behind ;

Sentence ID: 458

{Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} 's {inferior angle [FMA13315:Inferior angle of scapula]} corresponds with the upper part of the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]}.

Sentence ID: 459

The lateral surface of each {Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} is directed toward the {body of the lateral ventricle [FMA83703:Body of lateral ventricle]},. The lateral surface of each {Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} is directed toward anterior cornu of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]},. The lateral surface of each {Septum Pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} is covered by the {ependyma [FMA242791:Ependyma of neuraxis]} of that cavity.

Sentence ID: 460

The {cavity of the septum pellucidum [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]} ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}, which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} above .  The cavum ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} , which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} above. The septi ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}, which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} above .  The pellucidi ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} , which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} above. The pseudocele ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}, which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} above .  The {fifth ventricle [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]} ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} , which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} above. The {cavity of the septum pellucidum [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]} ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}, which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} below .  The cavum ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} , which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} below. The septi ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}, which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} below .  The pellucidi ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} , which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} below. The pseudocele ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]}, which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} below .  The {fifth ventricle [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]} ) is generally regarded as part of the {longitudinal cerebral fissure [FMA83727:Longitudinal fissure]} , which has become shut off by the union of the hemispheres in the formation of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} below.

Sentence ID: 461

Each half of {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} therefore forms part of the medial wall of the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}, and consists of a medial layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} , derived from {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]}. Each half of {septum pellucidum [FMA61842:Septum of telencephalon; FMA61844:Septum pellucidum]} therefore forms part of the medial wall of the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}, and consists of a lateral layer of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} continuous with {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} of the {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 462

{cavity of the septum pellucidum [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]} is not developed from the cavity of the cerebral vesicles. {cavity of the septum pellucidum [FMA61874:Cave of septum pellucidum]} never communicates with the {ventricles of the brain [FMA78447:Region of ventricular system of brain]}.

Sentence ID: 463

The {Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]} ) is a highly vascular, fringe-like process of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]} , which projects into the {ventricular cavity [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]} .  The plexus chorioideus {ventriculus lateralis [FMA74520:Frontal horn of lateral ventricle; FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle; FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle; FMA83703:Body of lateral ventricle]} ) is a highly vascular , fringe-like process of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]} , which projects into the {ventricular cavity [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]}. The paraplexus ) is a highly vascular, fringe-like process of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]} , which projects into the {ventricular cavity [FMA13238:Cavity of ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 464

{Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]}, however , is everywhere covered by a layer of {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} continuous with the epithelial lining of the ventricle.

Sentence ID: 465

{Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]} extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}, where {Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]} is joined with the plexus of the opposite ventricle , to the end of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 466

{Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]} 's part in relation to the body of the ventricle forms the vascular fringed margin of a triangular process of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}. {Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]} 's part in relation to the body of the ventricle forms the {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]}. {Choroid Plexus of the Lateral Ventricle [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]} 's part in relation to the body of the ventricle projects from under cover of the lateral edge of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]}.

Sentence ID: 467

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} lies upon the upper surface of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}, from which the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} is reflected over the plexus on to the edge of the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]}

Sentence ID: 467

The portion in relation to the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} lies in the concavity of the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} : The portion in relation to the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} overlaps the {fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]} :

Sentence ID: 468

from the lateral edge of the fimbria the {epithelium [FMA9639:Portion of epithelium]} is reflected over the plexus on to the roof of the cornu

Sentence ID: 468

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} consists of minute villous processes, each with an afferent vessel. {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} consists of highly vascular villous processes, each with an afferent vessel. {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} consists of minute villous processes, each with an efferent vessel. {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} consists of highly vascular villous processes, each with an efferent vessel.

Sentence ID: 469

The {arteries [FMA63812:Set of arteries]} of the plexus are : ( a ) the anterior choroidal, a branch of the internal carotid , which enters the plexus at the end of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}. The {arteries [FMA63812:Set of arteries]} of the plexus are : ( b ) the posterior choroidal, one or two small branches of the posterior cerebral , which pass forward under the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]}.

Sentence ID: 471

The {veins [FMA63814:Set of veins]} of the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} unite to form a tortuous {vein [FMA50723:Vein]}, which courses from behind forward to the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]}. The {veins [FMA63814:Set of veins]} of the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} there joins with the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} to form the corresponding {internal cerebral vein [FMA51003:Internal cerebral vein]}.

Sentence ID: 472

When the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} is pulled away, the continuity between {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} 's epithelial covering is severed. When the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} is pulled away, the continuity between the epithelial lining of the ventricle is severed. When the {choroid plexus [FMA61934:Choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere]} is pulled away, a cleft-like space is produced.

Sentence ID: 473

a cleft-like space is named the {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]} ;

Sentence ID: 473

like the plexus, {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]} extends from the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} to the end of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 474

The upper part of {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]}, i.e. , the part nearest the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} is situated between the lateral edge of the fornix ; The upper part of {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]}, i.e. , the part nearest the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} is situated between the upper surface of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ;

Sentence ID: 474

farther {back [FMA24205:Surface of back]} at the beginning of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]} is between the commencement of the {fimbria hippocampi [FMA83866:Fimbria of hippocampus]} , farther {back [FMA24205:Surface of back]} at the beginning of the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]} is between the posterior end of the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ,

Sentence ID: 474

while in the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]} lies between the fimbria in the floor. while in the {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]} {choroidal fissure [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]} lies between the {stria terminalis [FMA61974:Stria terminalis]} in the roof of {inferior cornu [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 475

The {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} ) is a double fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}, triangular in shape ,  {tela chorioidea [FMA242849:Tela choroidea]} {ventriculi tertii [FMA78454:Third ventricle]} ) is a double fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]} , triangular in shape , {velum interpositum [FMA78464:Velum interpositum]} ) is a double fold of {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]}, triangular in shape ,

Sentence ID: 475

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} lies beneath the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]}.

Sentence ID: 476

The lateral portions of {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's lower surface rest upon the {thalami [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ,

Sentence ID: 476

while {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's medial portion is in contact with the epithelial roof of the {third ventricle [FMA78454:Third ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 477

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's apex is situated at the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} ;

Sentence ID: 477

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's base corresponds with the {splenium of the corpus callosum [FMA61948:Splenium of corpus callosum]}. {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's base occupies the interval between {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} above. {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's base occupies the interval between the {corpora quadrigemina [FMA242157:Set of colliculi]} below. {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's base occupies the interval between the {pineal body [FMA62033:Pineal body]} below.

Sentence ID: 478

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]}, together with the lower portions of the {choroidal fissures [FMA74512:Choroidal fissure]} , is sometimes spoken of as the transverse fissure of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}.

Sentence ID: 479

At {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's base the two layers of the velum separate from each other. At {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's base the two layers of the velum are continuous with the {pia mater [FMA9590:Pia mater]} investing the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} in this region.

Sentence ID: 480

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's lateral margins are modified to form the highly vascular {choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles [FMA83711:Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 481

{tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} is supplied by the anterior and {posterior choroidal arteries [FMA50657:Posterior choroidal artery]} already described ,

Sentence ID: 481

The {veins [FMA63814:Set of veins]} of the {tela chorioidea [FMA242849:Tela choroidea]} are named the {internal cerebral veins [FMA70876:Set of internal cerebral veins]} ( venæ Galeni ) ;

Sentence ID: 481

{internal cerebral veins [FMA70876:Set of internal cerebral veins]} are two in number. {internal cerebral veins [FMA70876:Set of internal cerebral veins]} run backward between {tela chorioidea of the third ventricle [FMA78463:Tela choroidea of third ventricle]} 's layers, each being formed at the {interventricular foramen [FMA75351:Interventricular foramen]} by the union of the {terminal vein [FMA50997:Superior thalamostriate vein]} with the choroidal {vein [FMA50723:Vein]}.

Sentence ID: 482

The {internal cerebral veins [FMA70876:Set of internal cerebral veins]} unite posteriorly in a single {trunk [FMA7181:Trunk]} ),  The {internal cerebral veins [FMA70876:Set of internal cerebral veins]} unite posteriorly in the {great cerebral vein [FMA50993:Great cerebral vein]} ) , The {internal cerebral veins [FMA70876:Set of internal cerebral veins]} unite posteriorly in {vena magna Galeni [FMA50993:Great cerebral vein]} ) ,

Sentence ID: 482

{great cerebral vein [FMA50993:Great cerebral vein]} passes backward beneath the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]}. {great cerebral vein [FMA50993:Great cerebral vein]} ends in the {straight sinus [FMA50769:Straight sinus]}.

Sentence ID: 483

Structure of the {Cerebral Hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 484

- The {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]} are composed of gray and {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} :

Sentence ID: 485

gray covers their surface, and is termed the cortex ;

Sentence ID: 485

{white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} occupies the interior of {cerebral hemispheres [FMA61817:Cerebral hemisphere]}.

Sentence ID: 486

The {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} consists of {medullated fibers [FMA5915:Myelinated nerve fiber]}, varying in size ,. The {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} arranged in bundles separated by {neuroglia [FMA54541:Set of neuroglial cells]}.

Sentence ID: 487

bundles may be divided, according to their course and connections , into three distinct systems.

Sentence ID: 488

( 1 ) Projection fibers connect the hemisphere with the lower parts of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}. ( 1 ) Projection fibers connect the hemisphere with the {medulla spinalis [FMA7647:Spinal cord]}.

Sentence ID: 489

( 2 ) Transverse or commissural fibers unite the two hemispheres.

Sentence ID: 490

( 3 ) Association fibers connect different structures in the same hemisphere ;

Sentence ID: 490

Association fibers are, in many instances , collateral branches of the projection fibers , but others are the {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of independent cells.

Sentence ID: 491

1.

Sentence ID: 492

The projection fibers consist of efferent and {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} uniting the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} with the lower parts of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}. The projection fibers consist of efferent and {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} uniting the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} with the {medulla spinalis [FMA7647:Spinal cord]}.

Sentence ID: 493

The principal efferent strands are : ( 1 ) the {motor tract [FMA72634:Pyramidal tract]}, occupying the {genu of the internal capsule [FMA61953:Genu of internal capsule]} : The principal efferent strands are : ( 1 ) the {motor tract [FMA72634:Pyramidal tract]}, occupying the anterior two-thirds of {the occipital part of the internal capsule [FMA61954:Posterior limb of internal capsule]} : The principal efferent strands are : ( 1 ) the {motor tract [FMA72634:Pyramidal tract]}, consisting of ( a ) the {geniculate fibers [FMA61953:Genu of internal capsule]} , which decussate and end in the motor nuclei of the {cranial nerves [FMA63820:Set of cranial nerves]} of the opposite side : The principal efferent strands are : ( 1 ) the {motor tract [FMA72634:Pyramidal tract]}, consisting of ( b ) {the cerebrospinal fibers [FMA265580:Corticospinal tract]} , which are prolonged through the {pyramid of the medulla oblongata [FMA75254:Pyramid of medulla]} into the {medulla spinalis [FMA7647:Spinal cord]} :

Sentence ID: 495

( 2 ) the {corticopontine fibers [FMA75190:Set of corticopontine fibers]}, ending in the {nuclei pontis [FMA72512:Pontine nuclear group]}.

Sentence ID: 496

The chief {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} are : ( 1 ) those of the {lemniscus [FMA83676:Lemniscus of neuraxis]} which are not interrupted in the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The chief {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} are : ; ( 2 ) those of the {superior cerebellar peduncle [FMA72495:Superior cerebellar peduncle]} which are not interrupted in the {red nucleus [FMA62407:Red nucleus]} and {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}. The chief {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} are : ( 3 ) numerous fibers arising within the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]}, and passing through its stalks to the different parts of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} ( page 810 ). The chief {afferent fibers [FMA76570:Set of afferent nerve fibers]} are : ( 4 ) optic and acoustic fibers, the former passing to the occipital , the latter to the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 498

2.

Sentence ID: 499

The transverse or commissural fibers connect the two hemispheres.

Sentence ID: 500

commissural fibers include : ( a ) the transverse fibers of the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]} ; commissural fibers include : ( b ) the {anterior commissure [FMA61961:Anterior commissure]} ; commissural fibers include :, ( c ) the {posterior commissure [FMA62072:Posterior commissure]} ; commissural fibers include : ( d ) the lyra or {hippocampal commissure [FMA61970:Commissure of fornix of forebrain]} ;

Sentence ID: 501

commissural fibers have already been described.

Sentence ID: 502

3.

Sentence ID: 503

The association fibers unite different parts of the same hemisphere : The association fibers are of two kinds :

Sentence ID: 504

( 1 ) those connecting adjacent gyri, short association fibers. ( 2 ) those passing between more distant parts, long association fibers.

Sentence ID: 505

The short association fibers lie immediately beneath the {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} of the hemispheres. The short association fibers connect together adjacent gyri.

Sentence ID: 506

The long association fibers include the following : ( a ) the {uncinate fasciculus [FMA77636:Uncinate fasciculus]}. The long association fibers include the following : ( b ) the {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]}. The long association fibers include the following : ( c ) the {superior longitudinal fasciculus [FMA77631:Superior longitudinal fasciculus]}. The long association fibers include the following : ( d ) the {inferior longitudinal fasciculus [FMA77632:Inferior longitudinal fasciculus]}. The long association fibers include the following : ( e ) the perpendicular fasciculus. The long association fibers include the following : ( f ) the {occipitofrontal fasciculus [FMA77633:Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus; FMA77634:Superior occipitofrontal fasciculus]}. The long association fibers include the following : ( g ) the {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]}.

Sentence ID: 508

( a ) The {uncinate fasciculus [FMA77636:Uncinate fasciculus]} passes across the bottom of the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]}. ( a ) The {uncinate fasciculus [FMA77636:Uncinate fasciculus]} unites the gyri of the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} with the anterior end of the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 509

( b ) The {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]} is {a band [FMA67918:Anisotropic band]} of {white matter [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} contained within the {cingulate gyrus [FMA62434:Cingulate gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 510

Beginning in front at the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}, {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]} passes forward and upward parallel with the rostrum. Beginning in front at the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}, {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]} winds around the {genu [FMA24974:Knee]}. Beginning in front at the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}, {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]} runs backward above the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}. Beginning in front at the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}, {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]} turns around the {splenium [FMA7196:Spleen]}. Beginning in front at the {anterior perforated substance [FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]}, {cingulum [FMA56731:Cingulum of tooth]} ends in the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 511

( c ) The {superior longitudinal fasciculus [FMA77631:Superior longitudinal fasciculus]} passes backward from the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} above the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]} ; ( c ) The {superior longitudinal fasciculus [FMA77631:Superior longitudinal fasciculus]} passes backward from the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]} above the {insula [FMA67329:Insula]} ;

Sentence ID: 511

some of {superior longitudinal fasciculus [FMA77631:Superior longitudinal fasciculus]} 's fibers end in the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}. others curve downward and forward into the {temporal lobe [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 512

( d ) The {inferior longitudinal fasciculus [FMA77632:Inferior longitudinal fasciculus]} connects the temporal and {occipital lobes [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}, running along the lateral walls of the inferior and {posterior cornua [FMA83700:Occipital horn of lateral ventricle]} of the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 513

( e ) The perpendicular fasciculus runs vertically through the front part of the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}. ( e ) The perpendicular fasciculus connects the {inferior parietal lobule [FMA61897:Supramarginal gyrus; FMA77536:Inferior parietal lobule]} with the {fusiform gyrus [FMA61908:Fusiform gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 514

( f ) The {occipitofrontal fasciculus [FMA77633:Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus; FMA77634:Superior occipitofrontal fasciculus]} passes backward from the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]}, along the lateral border of the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]} ; ( f ) The {occipitofrontal fasciculus [FMA77633:Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus; FMA77634:Superior occipitofrontal fasciculus]} passes backward from the {frontal lobe [FMA61824:Frontal lobe]}, on the mesial aspect of the {corona radiata [FMA18661:Corona radiata]} ;

Sentence ID: 514

{occipitofrontal fasciculus [FMA77633:Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus; FMA77634:Superior occipitofrontal fasciculus]} 's fibers radiate in a fan-like manner. {occipitofrontal fasciculus [FMA77633:Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus; FMA77634:Superior occipitofrontal fasciculus]} 's fibers pass into the occipital and {temporal lobes [FMA61825:Temporal lobe]} lateral to the posterior and {inferior cornua [FMA83701:Temporal horn of lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 515

Déjerine regards the fibers of the {tapetum [FMA77208:Tapetum]} as being derived from this fasciculus. Déjerine regards the fibers of the {tapetum [FMA77208:Tapetum]} as being derived not from the {corpus callosum [FMA61946:Genu of corpus callosum; FMA61947:Body of corpus callosum; FMA86464:Corpus callosum]}.

Sentence ID: 516

( g ) The {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} connects the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} with the {corpus mammillare [FMA74877:Mammillary body]} ( see page 839 ). ( g ) The {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} connects the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]} by means of the {thalamomammillary fasciculus [FMA83849:Mammillothalamic tract]}, with the {thalamus [FMA62007:Thalamus]} ( see page 839 ).

Sentence ID: 517

Through the fibers of the {hippocampal commissure [FMA61970:Commissure of fornix of forebrain]} {fornix [FMA61965:Fornix of forebrain]} probably also unites the opposite {hippocampal gyri [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 518

The {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 1 ) {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}. The {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the {caudate nucleus [FMA61833:Caudate nucleus]}. The {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the the {lentiform nucleus [FMA77615:Lentiform nucleus]}. The {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the the {claustrum [FMA67440:Claustrum]}. The {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]} of the the {nucleus amygdalæ [FMA61841:Amygdala]}.

Sentence ID: 520

Structure of the {Cerebral Cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]} - The {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]} differs in thickness and structure in different parts of the hemisphere.

Sentence ID: 521

{cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]} is thinner in the {occipital region [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]} than in the anterior and {posterior central gyri [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]}. {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]} is also much thinner at the bottom of the sulci than on the top of the gyri.

Sentence ID: 522

Again, the minute structure of the anterior central differs from minute structure of the {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]}. Again, areas possessing a specialized type of {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} can be mapped out in the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 523

On examining a section of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} with a {lens [FMA58241:Lens]}, {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} is seen to consist of alternating white and gray layers thus disposed from the surface inward :

Sentence ID: 524

( 1 ) a thin layer of {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}. ( 2 ) a layer of {gray substance [FMA67242:Gray matter of neuraxis]}. ( 3 ) a second white layer ( outer band of Baillarger or {band of Gennari [FMA75667:Occipital stripe of internal granular layer of neocortex]} ). ; ( 4 ) a second gray layer. ( 5 ) a third white layer ( inner band of Baillarger ). ( 6 ) a third gray layer, which rests on the medullary substance of the gyrus.

Sentence ID: 525

The {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} is made up of {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]} of varying size and shape. The {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} is made up of {nerve fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} which are either medullated or naked {axis-cylinders [FMA67308:Axon]}, imbedded in a matrix of {neuroglia [FMA54541:Set of neuroglial cells]}.

Sentence ID: 526

{Nerve Cells [FMA54527:Neuron]}.

Sentence ID: 527

- According to Cajal, {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} 's {nerve cells [FMA54527:Neuron]} are arranged in four layers , named from the surface inward as follows : ( 1 ) the molecular layer , ( 2 ) the layer of small {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} , ( 3 ) the layer of large {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} , ( 4 ) the layer of polymorphous cells.

Sentence ID: 529

The Molecular Layer.

Sentence ID: 530

- In Molecular Layer the cells are polygonal, triangular , or fusiform in shape.

Sentence ID: 531

Each polygonal cell gives off some four or five {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]}, while polygonal cell 's {axon [FMA67308:Axon]} may arise directly from the cell or from one of polygonal cell 's {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]}.

Sentence ID: 532

Each triangular cell gives off two or three {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]}, from one of which the {axon [FMA67308:Axon]} arises.

Sentence ID: 533

The fusiform cells are placed with their long axes parallel to the surface. The fusiform cells are mostly bipolar, each pole being prolonged into a {dendrite [FMA67314:Dendrite]} , which runs horizontally for some distance. The fusiform cells are mostly bipolar, each pole being furnishes ascending branches.

Sentence ID: 534

Their {axons [FMA67308:Axon]}, two or three in number , arise from the {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]}. Their {axons [FMA67308:Axon]}, like them , take a horizontal course , giving off numerous ascending collaterals.

Sentence ID: 535

The distribution of the {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} and {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} of all three {sets of cells [FMA71954:Set of cells]} is limited to the molecular layer.

Sentence ID: 536

The Layer of Small {Pyramidal Cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]}. the Layer of Large {Pyramidal Cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 537

- The cells in The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large {Pyramidal Cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} may be studied together, since , with the exception of the difference in size , The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large {Pyramidal Cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} resemble each other. - The cells in The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large {Pyramidal Cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} may be studied together, since , with the exception of the more superficial position of the smaller cells , The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large {Pyramidal Cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} resemble each other.

Sentence ID: 538

The average length of Small is from 10 to 15μ ;

Sentence ID: 538

The average length of the Large {Pyramidal Cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} from 20 to 30μ.

Sentence ID: 539

The body of Small and is {pyramidal [FMA15568:Pyramidalis]} in shape, its base being directed to the deeper parts and its apex toward the surface.

Sentence ID: 540

Small and contains granular pigment. Small and stains deeply with ordinary reagents.

Sentence ID: 541

Small and 's nucleus is of large size, and round or oval in shape.

Sentence ID: 542

The base of the cell gives off the {axis cylinder [FMA67308:Axon]}. this runs into the central {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, giving off collaterals in its course. this is distributed as a projection, commissural , or association fiber.

Sentence ID: 543

The apical and {basal parts of the cell [FMA72558:Basal part of cell]} give off {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} ;

Sentence ID: 543

the apical {dendrite [FMA67314:Dendrite]} is directed toward the surface. the apical {dendrite [FMA67314:Dendrite]} ends in the molecular layer by dividing into numerous branches, all of which may be seen , when prepared by the silver or methylene-blue method , to be studded with projecting bristle-like processes.

Sentence ID: 544

The largest {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} are found in the upper part of the anterior central gyrus ; The largest {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} are found in the {paracentral lobule [FMA77534:Paracentral lobule]} ;

Sentence ID: 544

largest {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} are often arranged in groups or nests of from three to five. largest {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} are named the giant cells of Betz.

Sentence ID: 545

In anterior central gyrus giant cells of Betz may exceed 50μ in length , In anterior central gyrus giant cells of Betz may exceed 40μ in breadth ,

Sentence ID: 545

while in the {paracentral lobule [FMA77534:Paracentral lobule]} giant cells of Betz may attain a length of 65μ.

Sentence ID: 546

Layer of Polymorphous Cells.

Sentence ID: 547

- The cells in Layer of Polymorphous Cells, as their name implies , are very irregular in contour ;

Sentence ID: 547

Polymorphous Cells may be fusiform, oval , triangular , or star-shaped.

Sentence ID: 548

Polymorphous Cells 's {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} are directed outward ; Polymorphous Cells 's {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} do not reach so far as the molecular layer ;

Sentence ID: 548

Polymorphous Cells 's {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} pass into the subjacent {white matter [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}.

Sentence ID: 549

There are two other kinds of cells in the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 550

two other kinds of cells in the {cerebral cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]} are : ( a ) the cells of Golgi ,

Sentence ID: 551

the {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of cells of Golgi divide immediately after their origins into a large number of branches, which are directed toward the surface of the cortex ;

Sentence ID: 551

( b ) the cells of Martinotti ,

Sentence ID: 551

the cells of Martinotti are chiefly found in the polymorphous layer ;

Sentence ID: 551

the cells of Martinotti 's {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} are short, while their {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} pass out into the molecular layer. the cells of Martinotti 's {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} may have an ascending or descending course, while their {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} pass out into the molecular layer. the cells of Martinotti 's {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} are short, while their {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} form an extensive horizontal arborization. the cells of Martinotti 's {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} may have an ascending or descending course, while their {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} form an extensive horizontal arborization.

Sentence ID: 552

{Nerve Fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]}.

Sentence ID: 553

- {Nerve Fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} fill up a large part of the intervals between the cells. - {Nerve Fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} may be medullated or non-medullated - the latter comprising the {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of the smallest {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]}. - {Nerve Fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} may be medullated or non-medullated - the latter comprising the {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of the cells of Golgi.

Sentence ID: 554

In their direction the fibers may be either tangential or radial.

Sentence ID: 555

The tangential fibers run parallel to the surface of the hemisphere, intersecting the radial fibers at a right angle.

Sentence ID: 556

The tangential fibers constitute several strata, of which the following are the more important :

Sentence ID: 557

( 1 ) a stratum of white fibers covering the superficial aspect of the molecular layer ( plexus of Exner ) ; ( 2 ) the band of Bechterew, in the outer part of the layer of small {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} ; ( 3 ) the {band of Gennari [FMA75667:Occipital stripe of internal granular layer of neocortex]} or external band of Baillarger , running through the layer of large {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} ; ( 4 ) the internal band of Baillarger , between the layer of large {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} and the polymorphous layer ; ( 5 ) the deep tangential fibers , in the lower part of the polymorphous layer.

Sentence ID: 558

The tangential fibers consist of ( a ) the collaterals of the {pyramidal [FMA15568:Pyramidalis]} and polymorphous cells ; ( b ) the branching {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of Golgi’s cells ; ( c ) the collaterals of the projection, commissural , or association fibers. The tangential fibers consist of ( a ) the collaterals of the cells of Martinotti ; ( b ) the branching {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of Golgi’s cells ; ( c ) the collaterals of the projection, commissural , or association fibers. The tangential fibers consist of ( a ) the collaterals of the {pyramidal [FMA15568:Pyramidalis]} and polymorphous cells ; ( b ) the branching {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of Golgi’s cells ; ( c ) the terminal arborizations of the projection, commissural , or association fibers. The tangential fibers consist of ( a ) the collaterals of the cells of Martinotti ; ( b ) the branching {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of Golgi’s cells ; ( c ) the terminal arborizations of the projection, commissural , or association fibers.

Sentence ID: 559

The radial fibers.

Sentence ID: 560

- Some of these, viz. , the {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of the {pyramidal [FMA15568:Pyramidalis]} and polymorphous cells, descend into the central {white matter [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} , while others , the terminations of the projection , commissural , or association fibers , ascend to end in the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 561

The {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of the cells of Martinotti are also ascending fibers.

Sentence ID: 562

Special Types of {Cerebral Cortex [FMA61830:Cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 563

- It has been already pointed out that the minute structure of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} differs in different regions of the hemisphere ; and A. W. Campbell has endeavored to prove, as the result of an exhaustive examination of a series of human and anthropoid {brains [FMA50801:Brain]} , `` that there exists a direct correlation between physiological function and histological structure.

Sentence ID: 566

The principal regions where the `` typical structure is departed from will now be referred to.

Sentence ID: 567

1.

Sentence ID: 568

In the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} and the gyri bounding it, the internal band of Baillarger is absent , while the {band of Gennari [FMA75667:Occipital stripe of internal granular layer of neocortex]} is of considerable thickness , and forms a characteristic feature of this region of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 569

If a section be examined microscopically, an additional layer of cells is seen to be interpolated between the molecular layer and the layer of small {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]}.

Sentence ID: 570

This extra layer consists of two or three strata of fusiform cells, the long axes of which are at right angles to the surface ; each cell gives off two {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} , external and internal , from the latter of which the {axon [FMA67308:Axon]} arises and passes into the white central substance.

Sentence ID: 571

In the layer of small {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]}, fusiform cells , identical with the above , are seen , as well as ovoid or star-like cells with ascending {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} ( cells of Martinotti ).

Sentence ID: 572

This is the visual area of the {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]}, and it has been shown by J.

Sentence ID: 573

S.

Sentence ID: 574

Bolton that in old-standing cases of optic atrophy the thickness of Gennari’s band is reduced by nearly 50 per cent.

Sentence ID: 575

A.

Sentence ID: 576

W.

Sentence ID: 577

Campbell says :

Sentence ID: 578

`` Histologically, two distinct types of {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} can be made out in the {occipital lobe [FMA67325:Occipital lobe]}.

Sentence ID: 579

The first of two distinct types of {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} coats the walls of the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} ; The first of two distinct types of {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} coats the bounding convolutions of the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} ; The first of two distinct types of {cortex [FMA15632:Adrenal cortex; FMA61109:Cortex]} is distinguished by the well-known {line of Gennari [FMA75667:Occipital stripe of internal granular layer of neocortex]} or Vicq d’Azyr ;

Sentence ID: 579

the second area forms an investing zone a centimetre or more broad around the first, and is characterized by a remarkable wealth of fibers , as well as by curious pyriform cells of large size richly stocked with chromophilic elements - cells which seem to have escaped the observation of Ramón y Cajal. the second area forms an investing zone a centimetre or more broad around the first, and is characterized by a remarkable wealth of fibers , as well as by curious pyriform cells of large size richly stocked with chromophilic elements - cells which seem to have escaped the observation of Bolton. the second area forms an investing zone a centimetre or more broad around the first, and is characterized by a remarkable wealth of fibers , as well as by curious pyriform cells of large size richly stocked with chromophilic elements - cells which seem to have escaped the observation of others who have worked at this region.

Sentence ID: 580

As to the functions of these two regions there is abundant evidence, anatomical , embryological , and pathological , to show that the first or calcarine area is that to which visual sensations primarily pass. we are gradually obtaining proof to the effect that the second investing area is constituted for the interpretation and further elaboration of these sensations.

Sentence ID: 581

These areas therefore deserve the names visuo-sensory and visuo-psychic.

Sentence ID: 582

``

Sentence ID: 583

2.

Sentence ID: 584

The anterior central gyrus is characterized by the presence of the giant cells of Betz. The anterior central gyrus is characterized by `` a wealth of {nerve fibers [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} immeasurably superior to that of any other part ( Campbell ). The anterior central gyrus in these respects differs from the {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 585

anterior central gyrus, together with the {paracentral lobule [FMA77534:Paracentral lobule]} , were long regarded as constituting the `` motor areas of the hemisphere ;

Sentence ID: 585

but Sherrington and Grunbaum have shown that in the chimpanzee the motor area never extends on to the free {face [FMA24728:Face]} of the {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]}. but Sherrington and Grunbaum have shown that in the chimpanzee the motor area occupies the entire length of the anterior central gyrus, and in most cases the greater part or the whole of its width.

Sentence ID: 586

motor area extends into the depth of the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}, occupying the anterior wall. motor area extends into the depth of the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}, in some places the floor ,. motor area extends into the depth of the {central sulcus [FMA83752:Central sulcus]}, in some extending even into the deeper part of the posterior wall of the {sulcus [:]}.

Sentence ID: 587

3.

Sentence ID: 588

In the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} the molecular layer is very thick. In the {hippocampus [FMA62493:Hippocampus; FMA74038:Hippocampal formation]} the molecular layer contains a large number of Golgi cells.

Sentence ID: 589

molecular layer has been divided into three strata : ( a ) s. convolutum or s. granulosum, containing many tangential fibers ; ( b ) s. lacunosum, presenting numerous vascular spaces ; ( c ) s. radiatum, exhibiting a rich plexus of fibrils.

Sentence ID: 595

The two layers of {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} are condensed into one. the cells are mostly of large size.

Sentence ID: 596

The {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} of the cells in the polymorphous layer may run in an ascending, a descending , or a horizontal direction.

Sentence ID: 597

Between the polymorphous layer is the {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} of the {alveus [FMA83867:Alveus of hippocampus]}. Between the ventricular {ependyma [FMA242791:Ependyma of neuraxis]} is the {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} of the {alveus [FMA83867:Alveus of hippocampus]}.

Sentence ID: 598

4.

Sentence ID: 599

In the {fascia dentata hippocampi [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} or {dentate gyrus [FMA61922:Dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation]} the molecular layer contains some {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]}, while the layer of {pyramidal cells [FMA84105:Pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex]} is almost entirely represented by small ovoid cells.

Sentence ID: 600

5.

Sentence ID: 601

The {Olfactory Bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]}.

Sentence ID: 602

- In many of the lower animals this contains a cavity which communicates through the {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} with the {lateral ventricle [FMA78448:Lateral ventricle]}.

Sentence ID: 603

In man {Olfactory Bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} 's original cavity is filled up by {neuroglia [FMA54541:Set of neuroglial cells]}. In man its wall becomes thickened. In man much more so on its ventral than on its dorsal aspect.

Sentence ID: 604

{Olfactory Bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} 's dorsal part contains a small amount of gray and {white substance [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]}, but it is scanty and ill-defined.

Sentence ID: 605

A section through the ventral part shows it to consist of the following layers from without inward :

Sentence ID: 606

1.

Sentence ID: 607

A layer of {olfactory nerve [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} fibers, which are the non-medullated {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} prolonged from the olfactory cells of the {nasal cavity [FMA54378:Nasal cavity]}. A layer of {olfactory nerve [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} fibers, which reach the {bulb [FMA62004:Medulla oblongata]} by passing through the {cribriform plate [FMA52890:Cribriform plate]} of the {ethmoid [FMA52740:Ethmoid]} {bone [FMA71324:Set of bones]}.

Sentence ID: 608

At first {olfactory nerve [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} fibers cover {Olfactory Bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]}. At first {olfactory nerve [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} fibers then penetrate {Olfactory Bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]} to end by forming {synapses [FMA67408:Synapse]} with the {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} of the mitral cells, presently to be described.

Sentence ID: 609

2.

Sentence ID: 610

Glomerular Layer.

Sentence ID: 611

- Glomerular Layer contains numerous spheroidal reticulated enlargements, termed {glomeruli [FMA15624:Glomerulus]} , produced by the branching and arborization of the processes of the {olfactory nerve [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]} fibres with the descending {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} of the mitral cells.

Sentence ID: 612

3 . Molecular Layer.

Sentence ID: 614

- Molecular Layer is formed of a matrix of {neuroglia [FMA54541:Set of neuroglial cells]}, imbedded in which are the mitral cells.

Sentence ID: 615

mitral cells are {pyramidal [FMA15568:Pyramidalis]} in shape, and the basal part of each gives off a thick {dendrite [FMA67314:Dendrite]} which descends into the glomerular layer , where a thick {dendrite [FMA67314:Dendrite]} arborizes as indicated above. mitral cells are {pyramidal [FMA15568:Pyramidalis]} in shape, and the basal part of each gives off a thick {dendrite [FMA67314:Dendrite]} which descends into the glomerular layer , where others which interlace with similar {dendrites [FMA67314:Dendrite]} of neighboring mitral cells.

Sentence ID: 616

The {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} pass through the next layer into the {white matter [FMA83929:White matter of neuraxis]} of {Olfactory Bulb [FMA77624:Olfactory bulb]}. The {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} after becoming bent on themselves at a right angle, are continued into the {olfactory tract [FMA46787:Olfactory nerve]}.

Sentence ID: 617

4 . {Nerve Fiber [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} Layer.

Sentence ID: 619

- {Nerve Fiber [FMA5914:Nerve fiber]} Layer lies next the central {core [FMA7088:Heart]} of {neuroglia [FMA54541:Set of neuroglial cells]}, and its fibers consist of the {axons [FMA67308:Axon]} or afferent processes of the mitral cells passing to the brain ; some efferent fibers are , however , also present , and end in the molecular layer , but nothing is known as to their exact origin.

Sentence ID: 620

Weight of the {Encephalon [FMA50801:Brain]}.

Sentence ID: 621

- The average weight of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}, in the adult male , is about 1380 gms. ;

Sentence ID: 621

The average weight of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} of the female, about 1250 gms.

Sentence ID: 622

In the male, the maximum weight of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} out of 278 cases was 1840 gms.

Sentence ID: 623

and In the male minimum weight of the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} out of 278 cases was 964 gms.

Sentence ID: 624

The maximum weight of the adult female {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}, out of 191 cases , was 1585 gms.

Sentence ID: 625

and the minimum weight of the adult female {brain [FMA50801:Brain]}, out of 191 cases , was 879 gms.

Sentence ID: 626

The {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} increases rapidly during the first four years of life. The {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} reaches its maximum weight by about the twentieth year.

Sentence ID: 627

As age advances, the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} decreases slowly in weight ;

Sentence ID: 627

in old age the {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} decreases takes place more rapidly, to the extent of about 28 gms.

Sentence ID: 628

The human {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} is heavier than {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} of any of the lower animals, except the elephant and whale.

Sentence ID: 629

The {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} of the elephant weighs from 3.5 to 5.4 kilogm. .  {brain [FMA50801:Brain]} of a whale, in a specimen 19 metres long , weighed rather more than 6.7 kilogm.

Sentence ID: 630

Cerebral Localization.

Sentence ID: 631

- Physiological and pathological research have now gone far to prove that a considerable part of the {surface of the brain [FMA86594:Surface of brain]} may be mapped out into a series of more or {less [FMA63048:Circular muscle layer of abdominal part of esophagus]} definite areas, each of which is intimately connected with some well-defined function.

Sentence ID: 632

The chief areas are indicated in and

Sentence ID: 633

Motor Areas.

Sentence ID: 634

- The motor area occupies the anterior central gyri. - The motor area occupies the {frontal [FMA46757:Frontalis]} gyri. - The motor area occupies the {paracentral lobule [FMA77534:Paracentral lobule]}.

Sentence ID: 635

The centers for the {lower limb [FMA7184:Lower limb]} are located on the uppermost part of the anterior central gyrus ; The centers for the {lower limb [FMA7184:Lower limb]} are located on its continuation on to the {paracentral lobule [FMA77534:Paracentral lobule]} ;

Sentence ID: 635

The centers for the {trunk [FMA7181:Trunk]} are on the upper portion. The centers for the {upper limb [FMA7183:Upper limb]} on the middle portion of the anterior central gyrus.

Sentence ID: 636

The facial centers are situated on the lower part of the anterior central gyrus, centers for the {tongue [FMA54640:Tongue]} on the {frontal operculum [FMA74886:Frontal operculum]} , while centers for the {head [FMA7154:Head]} and {neck [FMA7155:Neck]} occupy the posterior end of the {middle frontal gyrus [FMA61859:Middle frontal gyrus]}. The facial centers are situated on the lower part of the anterior central gyrus, centers for the {larynx [FMA55097:Larynx]} on the {frontal operculum [FMA74886:Frontal operculum]} , while centers for the {head [FMA7154:Head]} and {neck [FMA7155:Neck]} occupy the posterior end of the {middle frontal gyrus [FMA61859:Middle frontal gyrus]}. The facial centers are situated on the lower part of the anterior central gyrus, centers for the {muscles [:]} of mastication on the {frontal operculum [FMA74886:Frontal operculum]} , while centers for the {head [FMA7154:Head]} and {neck [FMA7155:Neck]} occupy the posterior end of the {middle frontal gyrus [FMA61859:Middle frontal gyrus]}. The facial centers are situated on the lower part of the anterior central gyrus, centers for the {pharynx [FMA46688:Pharynx]} on the {frontal operculum [FMA74886:Frontal operculum]} , while centers for the {head [FMA7154:Head]} and {neck [FMA7155:Neck]} occupy the posterior end of the {middle frontal gyrus [FMA61859:Middle frontal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 637

Sensory Areas.

Sentence ID: 638

- Tactile and temperature senses are located on the {posterior central gyrus [FMA61896:Postcentral gyrus]}. - the sense of form and solidity is on the {superior parietal lobule [FMA61899:Superior parietal lobule; FMA71058:Superior parietal lobule (SPL)]}. - the sense of form and solidity is on the {precuneus [FMA61900:Precuneus]}.

Sentence ID: 639

With regard to the special senses, the area for the sense of taste is probably related to the {uncus [FMA74884:Uncus]}. With regard to the special senses, the area for the sense of taste is probably related to the {hippocampal gyrus [FMA61918:Parahippocampal gyrus]}.

Sentence ID: 640

The auditory area occupies the middle third of the {superior temporal gyrus [FMA61905:Superior temporal gyrus]} ; The auditory area occupies the adjacent gyri in the {lateral fissure [FMA77801:Lateral sulcus]} ;

Sentence ID: 640

the visual area occupies the {calcarine fissure [FMA83749:Calcarine sulcus]} ; the visual area occupies {cuneus [FMA61903:Cuneus]} ;

Sentence ID: 640

the {olfactory area [FMA61882:Nucleus of diagonal band; FMA61891:Anterior perforated substance]} occupies the {rhinencephalon [FMA62430:Paleocortex]}.

Sentence ID: 641

As special centers of much importance may be noted :

Sentence ID: 642

the emissive center for speech on the {left inferior frontal gyri [FMA72658:Left inferior frontal gyrus]} ( Broca ) ; the emissive center for speech on the left anterior central gyri ( Broca ) ;

Sentence ID: 642

the auditory receptive center on the transverse and {superior temporal gyri [FMA61905:Superior temporal gyrus]}. the visual receptive center on the {lingual gyrus [FMA61904:Lingual gyrus]}. the visual receptive center on the {cuneus [FMA61903:Cuneus]}.