FENEIS BRAIN and NERVE

FENEIS BRAIN p1 | FENEIS BRAIN p2 | FENEIS BRAIN p3 Replace A\n >> A//\n Replace A \n >> A//\n Replace A _n >> A//\n Repeat for B to F Replace -\n >> nothing Replace \n >> nothing Replace // >> //\n expand N., A., Nn., Aa. etc to reduce the number of "." Note that some termes are written in capital letters and end with period. ex. AORTA. in parenthesis those guys appear small case letters. Use. as delimiters, mostly names are too but ..
 * 296.1|FOREBRAIN;  Prosencephalon |  Terminal  portion of neural tube situated anterior to the anterior margin of the mesencephalon. It comprises the telencephalon and diencephalon.//.
 * 296.2|DIENCEPHALON; | The part of the prosencephalon that extends from the anterior margin of the anterior colliculus to the interventricular foramen.//
 * 296.3|Epithalamus; | It consists mainly of the habenulae, their accessories and the epiphysis.//
 * 296.4|Habenula ; | Dorsal  continuation  of  the  stria medullaris of the thalamus. A B //
 * 296.5|Habenular sulcus;   Sulcus  habenuale  (habenularis)|  Shallow  furrow  between  the  habenular trigone and the pulvinar. A //
 * 296.6|Trigone of  habenula;   Trigonum  habenulae  (t.habenulare)|  Triangular field between the stria medullaris of the thalamus and the habenula. The habenular nuclei lie beneath it. A //.
 * 296.7|Commissure of habenula; Commissura habenularum  (habenularis)|   Fibers  of  the  habenulae crossing over the midline. The decussation lies superior to the pineal recess. B //.
 * 296.8|Posterior (epithalamic) commissure; Commissura  epithalamica  (posterior) |  Commissure  located between the pineal recess and entrance  into the cerebral aqueduct; its fibers cross from a  nearby area. B //
 * 296.9|Pineal gland (body), epiphysis; Corpus pineale (glandula pinealis) |  Topographically speaking, it  lies free on the quadrigeminal plate and is suspended from the habenula withouth a functional  connection. A B C //
 * 296.10|Sections of epithalamus; Sectiones epithalamici|//.
 * 296.11|Medial and  lateral  habenular  nuclei;   Nuclei habenulares  medialis  et  lateralis |   Cell  groups  contained  in  the  reflex  tract  of  the  rhinencephalon. D //
 * 296.12|Habenulointerpedunculartract; Tractus habenulointerpeduncularis|:Connection between habenulae and interpeduncular nucleus D //.
 * 296.13|Commissure of habenula; Commissura habenularum (habenularis) |  See p. 7 A B //
 * 296.14|Pretectal area; Area pretectalis |  Region extending from in front of the upper margin of superior colliculus  as  far  as  the  commissure  of  the epithalamus. C //
 * 296.15|Pretectal nuclei; Nuclei pretectales|  From their origin  dorsolateral  to  the  commissure  of  the  epithalamus, they extend as far as the superior  colliculus. They receive fibers from the occipital  lobe and the area in front of it, as well as the optic  tract and send fibers to the accessory nucleus of  the oculomotor nerve for the sphincter pupillae  muscle. //.
 * 296.16|Posterior (epithalamic) commissure; Commissura epithalamica (posterior)|:See p 8 B //.
 * 296.17|Pineal gland (body); Corpus pineale (glandula pinealis)| See p. 9 A B C //
 * 296.18|Subfornical organ; Organum subfornicale| Organ in the interventricular foramen between right and left fornix. It influences blood pressure and water excretion. B //.
 * 296.19|Subcommissural organ; Organum subcommissurale|  Group  of  specialized  ependymal  cells below the posterior commissure. They produce Reissner’s fiber. B //.
 * 296.20|Dorsal thalamus; Thalamus dorsalis| Portion of thalamus located cranial to the hypothalamic sulcus.//
 * 296.21|Interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia); Adhesio interthalamica| Inconstant (70−85%) connection between right and left thalami. B //
 * 296.22|Anterior tubercle of thalamus; Tuberculum anterius thalamicum| Small protuberance dorsal to the anterior end of the thalamus above the anterior nucleus of the thalamus. A //
 * 296.23|Internal/external medullary laminae; Laminae medullares interna/externa| Layers of white matter located partly lateral to the thalamus and partly in it. They incompletely separate the individual thalamic nuclei. E //.
 * 296.24|Medullary stria of thalamus; Stria medullaris thalamica| Bundle located at the medial side of the thalamus below the thalamic tenia. It continues dorsally into the habenula and receives fibers from the fornix of the stria terminalis and the precommissural septum. A B //.
 * 296.25|Pulvinar; Posterior part of thalamus projecting freely| A //.
 * 296.26|Metathalamus; Appendage of thalamus below the pulvinar| A C //.
 * 296.27|Medial geniculate  body;   Corpus  geniculatum mediale| United with the inferior colliculus, it forms a part of the auditory pathway. A C //
 * 296.28|Lateral geniculate  body;   Corpus  geniculatum laterale| Connects with the superior colliculus and visual cortex; it is the termination of most of the fibers of the optic tract. A C //
 * 296.29|Ventral thalamus  (subthalamus);   Thalamus ventralis (subthalamus)| Part of the diencephalon  situated basally with respect to the hypothalamic  sulcus.//
 * 296.30|Hypothalamus; Basal part of the diencephalon| B //.
 * 296.31|Preoptic area; Area preoptica| Area behind the lamina terminalis and in front of the paraventricular nucleus, partly also in front of the supraoptic nucleus. Its nuclei are probably inserted be.tween the olfactory tract and tuber cinereum. B//
 * 296.32|Optic chiasma; Chiasma opticum| Decussation of medial optic nerve fibers between the optic tract and nerve. B C //
 * 296.33|Optic tract; Tractus opticus| Superficial part of the visual pathway between the optic chiasma  and lateral geniculate body visible at the base of  the brain. C //
 * 296.34|Lateral root; Radix lateralis| Fibers of optic tract which end in the lateral geniculate body or superior colliculus. C //
 * 296.35|Medial root; Radix medialis| C //.
 * 296.36|Mamillary body;   Corpus  mamillare|  Paired, round elevation on the floor of the diencephalon connected with the thalamus and midbrain. B//
 * 296.37|Tuber cinereum; | Gray matter in the posterior wall of the infundibulum. B //
 * 296.38|Infundibulum; | Funnel-shaped  passage  to  the posterior lobe of the hypophysis. B //
 * 296.39|Neurohypophysis; | Posterior lobe of hypophysis suspended by the infundibulum. B //
 * 298.1|Third ventricle;   Ventriculus  tertius|  Diencephalic portion of the cerebral ventricular system. It extends from the lamina terminalis to  the beginning of the cerebral aqueduct. A C //.
 * 298.2|Hypothalamic sulcus; Sulcus hypothalamicus| Furrow  extending  from  the  interventricular  foramen to the entrance into the cerebral aqueduct.  It  separates  the  dorsal  and  ventral  thalami. A //.
 * 298.3|Interventricular  foramen;    Foramen   interventriculare| Opening between the lateral ventricle and third ventricle behind the genu of the  fornix. A //
 * 298.4|Optic recess; Recessus opticus| Recess of third ventricle above the optic chiasm. A //
 * 298.5|Recess of infundibulum; Recessus infundibuli (infundibularis)|  Recess  of  third  ventricle within the infundibulum. A //
 * 298.6|Pineal recess; Recessus pinealis| Recess of third ventricle extending partially into the epiphysis.  A //
 * 298.7|Supraspinal recess;   Recessus  supraspinalis| Recess between the roof of the third ventricle and the epiphysis. A //
 * 298.8|Tela choroidea; | Forms the thin, narrow roof of third ventricle and its choroid plexus. B C //
 * 298.9|Tenia of thalamus; Taenia thalami| Lateral attachment line of the upper wall of the third ventricle  along  the  stria  medullaris  of  the thalamus. B C //
 * 298.10|Choroid plexus;   Plexus  choroideus|  Paired, highly  vascularized  villous  infolding  which hangs down from the thin roof of the third ventricle  and  is  continuous  anteriorly  with  the choroid plexus of the 4th ventricle via the interventricular foramen. B C //
 * 298.11|Sections of thalamus and metathalamus; Sectiones thalamici et metathalamici| See p.409.//.
 * 298.12|Reticular nucleus of thalamus; Nucleus reticulatus [thalami]| Thin layer lying mainly laterally  along the thalamus between the posterior limb  of the internal capsule and external medullary  lamina of the thalamus. It receives tributaries  from the entire cerebral cortex, globus pallidus  and reticular formation of the brainstem and  gives off efferent fibers to the reticular formation of the midbrain and thalamus. B //.
 * 298.13|Anterior nuclei of thalamus; Nuclei anteriores [thalami]|  Cell  group  in  the  apex  of  the  thalamus. They receive fibers from the mamillothalamic tract and have projections to the  cingulate gyrus. //.
 * 298.14|Anterodorsal nucleus; Nucleus anterodorsalis (anterosuperior)| Narrow cell plate anterosuperiorly. B //
 * 298.15|Anteroventral  nucleus;    Nucleus   anteroventralis (anteroinferior)| Main nucleus of the anterior nuclei. B //
 * 298.16|Anteromedial nucleus;   Nucleus  anteromedialis| Degenerating nuclear remains situated  medial and inferior to the anteroventral nucleus. B //
 * 298.17|Median nuclei  of  thalamus;   Nuclei  mediani [thalami]| Collective term for the nuclei located medial and for the most part directly inferior to the ependyma.//
 * 298.18|Anterior/posterior paraventricular  nuclei;  Nuclei  paraventriculares  anteriores/posteriores| Cell groups in the wall of the third ventricle with neuronal function (among others,  vasopressin, angiotensin II, renin). C D E //
 * 298.19|Rhomboidal nucleus; Nucleus rhomboidalis| It often forms the interthalamic adhesion. D //
 * 298.20|Nucleus reuniens; | Nucleus extending from the anterior end of the anterior tubercle to the middle of the interthalamic adhesion. It may be  concerned  with  the  formation  of  the  latter  when present. It is absent in 28% of males and  14% of females. D //
 * 298. 20 a|Paratenial nucleus  of  thalamus;   Nucleus  parataenialis [thalami]| Located between the stria medullaris, tenia, anterodorsal and paraventricular nuclei of the thalamus; it is probably  involved  in  the  processing  of  olfactory  stimuli.//
 * 298.21|Medial nuclei of thalamus; Nuclei mediales [thalami]| Mass of nuclei medial to the internal medullary  lamina  with  projections  to  other thalamic nuclei and to the frontal lobe.//
 * 298.22|Dorsal medial  nucleus;   Nucleus  medialis dorsalis| Principal nucleus of this group. C D //
 * 298.23|Internal/external medullary  lamina;   Lamina medullaris  interna/externa|  Layer  of  white  matter which, provided it is located internally,  has Y-shaped sections and divides the thalamus  into anterior, medial and lateral regions. B //
 * 298.24|Reticular (intralaminar) nuclei of thalamus; Nuclei reticulares (intralaminares thalami)| Nuclei  located  in  the  medullary  lamina.  They correspond functionally to the reticular formation and thus are integrating nuclei.//.
 * 298.25|Centromedian nucleus; Nucleus centromedianus| It is the largest nucleus of this group and has  projections  to  the  corpus  striatum,  hypothalamus, and other structures. E //
 * 298.26|Paracentral nucleus; Nucleus paracentralis| It lies in the internal medullary lamina lateral to the centromedian nucleus. CD //
 * 298.27|Parafascicular nucleus; Nucleus parafascicularis| It lies medial to the occipital region of the centromedian nucleus. E //
 * 298.28|Lateral central  nucleus;   Nucleus  centralis lateralis| It lies dorsolateral and medial to the centromedian nucleus. E //
 * 298.29|Medial central nucleus; Nucleus centralis medialis| It lies at the lower medial end of the internal medullary lamina. //
 * 300.1|Nuclei ventrolaterales [thalami]; | Ventrolateral nuclei, the group of nuclei lateral to the internal medullary lamina. B //
 * 300.2|Posterior lateral  nucleus;  Nucleus lateralis posterior| Portion of the lateral nucleus situated  between the pulvinar and dorsal lateral nucleus with connections to the parietal lobe. A //
 * 300.3|Dorsal lateral  nucleus;   Nucleus  lateralis dorsalis| Anterosuperior portion of the lateral nucleus with projections to the region of the posterior cingulum segment and the lower part of the parietal lobe. A //
 * 300.4|Anterior ventral  nucleus;  Nucleus ventralis anterior| Anterior portion of the ventral nucleus  with  projections  to  the  interlaminar  nuclei,  globus pallidus and dentate nucleus and reciprocal connections to the precentral gyrus and  the area anterior to it. It plays a role in Parkinson’s disease. A //.
 * 300.5|Intermediate  ventral   nucleus;    Nucleus ventralis intermedius| Portion of the ventral  nucleus situated behind the anterior ventral  nucleus; it is a synaptic station connecting the  .cerebellum, red nucleus and motor cortex. A //.
 * 300.6|Medial ventral nucleus; Nucleus ventralis medialis| Poorly demarcated nuclear region situated anterior to the posterior ventral nuclei; its function is unclear. A //
 * 300.7|Posterior ventral  nuclei;   Nuclei  ventrales posteriores| Collective term for the following two nuclei. //
 * 300.8|Posterolateral ventral nucleus; Nucleus ventralis posterolateralis| The lateral part of the posterior ventral nucleus that receives the medial lemniscus and spinothalamic tract and relays their impulses to the postcentral gyrus via the thalamocortical tract. A //
 * 300.9|Posteromedial ventral nucleus; Nucleus ventralis posteromedialis| Part located between the centromedian and posterolateral nuclei. It receives the trigeminal lemniscus. A //.
 * 300.10|Posterior nuclei of thalamus; Nuclei posteriores [thalami]| Collective term for the following three parts of the thalamus. //
 * 300.11|Pulvinar nuclei; Nuclei pulvinares| Nuclei that occupy the posterior portion of the thalamus;  they begin at the habenulae, receive tributaries from the auditory and visual pathways as  well  as  from  other  thalamic  nuclei  and  are  connected with the visual cortex, optic and  acoustic control centers, and other structures.  A //
 * 300.12|Lateral geniculate  nucleus  [dorsal  part];  Nucleus  [corporis  geniculati]  lateralis  [pars dorsalis]| Part of the visual pathway. A //
 * 300.13|Medial geniculate nucleus [dorsal part]; Nucleus  [corporis  geniculati]  medialis  [pars  dorsalis]| Part of medial geniculate body containing small cells. A //
 * 300.14|Sections  of   ventral   thalamus;    Sectiones thalami ventralis| //.
 * 300.15|Lateral geniculate nucleus [ventral part]; Nucleus   corporis   geniculati   lateralis[pars ventralis]| Small group of cells with fibers from the retina: part of a light reflex tract. C //
 * 300.16|Medial geniculate nucleus [ventral part]; Nucleus   corporis   geniculati   medialis[pars ventralis]| Possibly the true acoustic part of the geniculate nucleus. C //
 * 300.17|Subthalamic nucleus; Nucleus subthalamicus [corpus Luysii]| It lies between the lower end of the internal capsule and the zona incerta. Of clinical importance is its reciprocal connection with the globus pallidus. B //.
 * 300.18|Reticular nuclei of thalamus; Nuclei reticulares [thalami]|  Disaggregated  cell  layer  on  the  lateral surface of the thalamus between the external medullary lamina and internal capsule. B //
 * 300.19|Zona incerta; | Basal continuation of the reticular nucleus of the thalamus and other structures. It lies in the path of the globus pallidus to the tegmentum of the diencephalon. B //.
 * 300.20|Nuclear regions H, H1 and H2; Nuclei regionum H, H1 and H2| Dispersed neurons in the  corresponding Forel’s fields. Field H lies medial  to the zona incerta and in front of the red nucleus, H1 between the thalamus and zona incerta, H2 between the zona incerta and subthalamic nucleus. B //.
 * 300.21|Thalamic tract  and  fasciculi;   Tractus  et fasciculi thalamici| //.
 * 300.22|Lateral lemniscus; Lemniscus lateralis| Auditory pathway passing into the medial geniculate body. A //
 * 300.23|Medial lemniscus;  Lemniscus medialis| Continuation  of  the  tract  from  the  posterior funiculus radiating into the posterolateral ventral nucleus. A //
 * 300.24|Spinal lemniscus;   Lemniscus  spinalis|  Pain pathway extending into the posterolateral ventral nucleus. A //
 * 300.25|Trigeminal lemniscus; Lemniscus trigeminalis| Fibers of the sensory trigeminal nucleus. They pass into the posteromedial ventral nucleus. A//.
 * 300.26|Brachium of inferior colliculus; Brachium colliculi inferioris| Outwardly visible connection between the inferior colliculus and the medial geniculate body. C //
 * 300.27|Acoustic radiation; Radiatio acustica| Portion of auditory pathway extending from the medial geniculate body to the transverse temporal gyn. It passes through the occipital part of the posterior limb of the internal capsule. A //.
 * 300.28|Brachium of superior colliculus; Brachium colliculi superioris| Externally visible connection between the superior colliculus and the lateral geniculate body. Connection of the visual pathway with the extrapyramidal system. C //.
 * 300.29|Optic radiation;   Radiatio  optica  Gratiolet| Portion of the visual pathway emanating from the lateral geniculate body. It passes through the occipital part of the posterior limb of the internal capsule and around the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle to the area striata. A//.
 * 302.1|Nuclei ventrolaterales [thalami]; | Ventrolateral nuclei, the group of nuclei lateral to the internal medullary lamina. B //
 * 302.2|Posterior lateral  nucleus;  Nucleus lateralis posterior| Portion of the lateral nucleus situated  between the pulvinar and dorsal lateral nucleus with connections to the parietal lobe. A //
 * 302.3|Dorsal lateral  nucleus;   Nucleus  lateralis dorsalis| Anterosuperior portion of the lateral nucleus with projections to the region of the posterior cingulum segment and the lower part of the parietal lobe. A //
 * 302.4|Anterior ventral  nucleus;  Nucleus ventralis anterior| Anterior portion of the ventral nucleus  with  projections  to  the  interlaminar  nuclei,  globus pallidus and dentate nucleus and reciprocal connections to the precentral gyrus and  the area anterior to it. It plays a role in Parkinson’s disease. A //.
 * 302.5|Intermediate  ventral   nucleus;    Nucleus ventralis intermedius| Portion of the ventral  nucleus situated behind the anterior ventral  nucleus; it is a synaptic station connecting the  cerebellum, red nucleus and motor cortex. A //
 * 302.6|Medial ventral nucleus; Nucleus ventralis medialis| Poorly demarcated nuclear region situated anterior to the posterior ventral nuclei; its function is unclear. A //
 * 302.7|Posterior ventral  nuclei;   Nuclei  ventrales posteriores| Collective term for the following two nuclei. //
 * 302.8|Posterolateral ventral nucleus; Nucleus ventralis posterolateralis| The lateral part of the posterior ventral nucleus that receives the medial lemniscus and spinothalamic tract and relays their impulses to the postcentral gyrus via the thalamocortical tract. A //
 * 302.9|Posteromedial ventral nucleus; Nucleus ventralis posteromedialis| Part located between the centromedian and posterolateral nuclei. It receives the trigeminal lemniscus. A //.
 * 302.10|Posterior nuclei of thalamus; Nuclei posteriores [thalami]| Collective term for the following three parts of the thalamus. //
 * 302.11|Pulvinar nuclei; Nuclei pulvinares| Nuclei that occupy the posterior portion of the thalamus;  they begin at the habenulae, receive tributaries from the auditory and visual pathways as  well  as  from  other  thalamic  nuclei  and  are  connected with the visual cortex, optic and  acoustic control centers, and other structures.  A //
 * 302.12|Lateral geniculate  nucleus  [dorsal  part];  Nucleus  [corporis  geniculati]  lateralis  [pars dorsalis]| Part of the visual pathway. A //
 * 302.13|Medial geniculate nucleus [dorsal part]; Nucleus  [corporis  geniculati]  medialis  [pars  dorsalis]| Part of medial geniculate body containing small cells. A //
 * 302.14|Sections  of   ventral   thalamus;    Sectiones thalami ventralis| //.
 * 302.1|Anterior  thalamic   radiations;    Raditiones thalamicae anteriores| Fibers of the anterior nucleus passing to and from the cingulate gyrus and likewise reciprocal connections between  .the lateral nucleus and frontal lobe. The fibers  run in the anterior limb of the internal capsule. A //
 * 302.2|Central  thalamic   radiations;    Radiationes thalamicae centrales| Reciprocal fibers passing  fan-like through the posterior limb of the internal capsule from the posterior lateral, anterior  ventral, lateral ventral and posterior ventral nuclei to the pre- and postcentral gyri in addition  to the connecting fields of the cortex. A //
 * 302.3|Posterior thalamic  raditaions;   Radiationes thalamicae posteriores| They lie in the occipital  region of the posterior limb of the internal capsule and contain fibers from the lateral geniculate body (optic radiation) and the pulvinar for  the occipital lobes and adjacent regions. A //
 * 302.4|Dentatothalamic   tract;     Tractus    dentatothalamicus| It arises from the cerebellum and radiates into the thalamic fasciculus and to the lateral ventral nucleus. C //
 * 302.5|Thalamic fasciculus; Fasciculus thalamicus| It lies below the thalamus, next to and above the  zona incerta in field H1 and is composed of the  ventricular  fasciculus,  ansa  lenticularis  and  fibers from the cerebellum. It is a conveyor of  impulses for the anterior ventral and lateral  ventral nuclei. C //.
 * 302.6|Subthalamic fasciculus; Fasciculus subthalamicus| Fiber bundle extending from the globus pallidus to the subthalamic nucleus. C //
 * 302.7|Mamillothalamic fasciculus; Fasciculus mamillothalamicus| Fiber tract extending from the  mamillary body to the anterior nucleus of the  thalamus. D //
 * 302.8|Inferior  thalamic   peduncle;    Pedunculus thalamicus  inferior|  Fibers  between  the  hypothalamus and thalamus. According to some  anatomists, it consists of fibers of the pulvinar from and to the occipital lobes and its vicinity, as well as fibers of the auditory tract.//.
 * 302.9|Ansa lenticularis and fasciculus lenticularis; Ansa  et  fasciculus  lenticulares|  Two  fiber  bundles from the lentiform nucleus to the ventral nuclei of the thalamus. One part passes  around the anterior margin of the internal capsule (ansa lenticularis); the other part passes  through the internal capsule. Both tracts are  united in the thalamic fasciculus. C //
 * 302.10|Ansa peduncularis  and  fasciculus  peduncularis;   Ansa  et  fasciculus  pedunculares|  Fiber tract connecting the thalamus and claustrum, thereby extending between the lentiform nucleus and the amygdaloid body. B C //
 * 302.11|Intrathalamic fibers;   Fibrae  intrathalamicae| Connections of individual thalamic nuclei.//
 * 302.12|Periventricular fibers; Fibrae periventriculares| Fibers coursing beneath the ependyma of the third ventricle between the medial nucleus and the hypothalamic nucleus to enter the posterior longitudinal fasciculus.//
 * 302.13|Sections of the hypothalamus; Sectiones hypothalami| //.
 * 302.14|Dorsal (posterior) hypothalamic region; Regio (area) hypothalamica dorsalis| Area of the hypothalamus next to the apex.//
 * 302.15|Nucleus of ansa lenticularis; Nucleus ansae lenticularis| Groups of cells dispersed in the ansa lenticularis. //
 * 302.16|Anterior (ventral)  region  of  hypothalamus;  Regio hypothalamica anterior| //.
 * 302.17|Medial/lateral preoptic  nucleus;   Nucleus preopticus medialis/lateralis| Group of nuclei  located beneath the anterior commissure and  along the lamina terminalis with projections to  the  stria  terminalis,  medial  telencephalic  fasciculus and medial thalamic nuclei. D //
 * 302.18|Supraoptic nucleus;   Nucleus  supraopticus| Nucleus lying above the optic chiasm with neurosecretory fibers (oxytocin and vasopressin) projecting to the posterior pituitary. D //
 * 302.19|Paraventricular nuclei; Nuclei paraventriculares|  Group  of  autonomic  nuclei  with  neurosecretory fibers (oxytocin and vasopressin)  projecting to the posterior lobe of the hypophysis. They lie superiorly near the base of the hypothalamic sulcus and behind the anterior hypothalamic nucleus. D //.
 * 302.20|Anterior hypothalamic nucleus; Nucleus hypothalamicus anterior| Located behind the preoptic nucleus with projections to the hemispheres, stria terminalis and thalamus, its efferent fibers communicate with motor and autonomic nuclei. It influences heat regulation, glandular activity and circulation. D //.
 * 302.21|Intermediate hypothalamic region; Regio hypothalamica intermedia| Area situated between  the  anterior  and  posterior  hypothalamic  regions. //
 * 302.22|Arcuate nucleus; Nucleus arcuatus| Mural nucleus situated in the entrance to the infundibulum. It belongs to the tuberal nuclei, i. e., it  regulates the  release  of  hormones  from  the  anterior lobe by delivering an active substance  (neurohormone) to blood vessels of the hypophysial stalk where its processes (axons) are  found. D //.
 * 302.23|Tuberal nuclei; Nuclei tuberales| Groups of nuclei in the posterior wall of the infundibulum.  They function similar to the arcuate nucleus. D  //.
 * 302.24|Lateral hypothalamic  region;   Regio  hypothalamica lateralis| Area separated from the  medial  hypothalamus  by  the  fornix,  mamillothalamic fasciculus and medial telencephalic  fasciculus. It is occupied by the lateral preoptic  nucleus and the supraoptic nucleus including its  lateral portion. D  //.
 * 304.1|Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus; Nucleus hypothalamicus  ventromedialis|  Lies  in  and  above the entrance into the infundibulum. This  nucleus belongs to the group of tuberal nuclei  and, like them, controls the release of regulating  hormones for the anterior lobe via the hypophysial stalk. A //.
 * 304.2|Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; Nucleus hypothalamicus dorsomedialis| It lies near the apex of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and has similar functions. A //
 * 304.3|Dorsal hypothalamic  nucleus;   Nucleus  hypothalamicus dorsalis| Group of cells located  below  the  dorsal  hypothalamic  area (see p.302.14). A //
 * 304.4|Posterior periventricular  nucleus;   Nucleus periventricularis posterior| Cell group located below the ependyma in the posterior segment of the 3rd ventricle. A //
 * 304.5|Infundibular (arcuate) nucleus; Nucleus infundibularis (arcuatus)| It lies near the apex of the funnel of the infundibulum and has functions similar to those of the tuberal nuclei. A //
 * 304.6|Posterior  hypothalamic   area;    Regio   hypothalamica posterior| It contains the lateral and medial nuclei of the mamillary body and other structures. //
 * 304.7|Medial and lateral nuclei of mamillary body; Nuclei corporis mamillaris mediales/laterales| The medial nucleus forms the mamillary body and  is  the  origin  of  the  mamillothalamic fasciculus. The lateral nucleus lies ventrolateral and receives the fornix. A B //.
 * 304.8|Posterior hypothalamic nucleus; Nucleus hypothalamicus posterior| It lies occipital to the  dorsomedial  and  ventromedial  nuclei  and  above  the  mamillary  body  up  to  the  hypothalamic sulcus and influences circulation,  peristalsis and the blood sugar level. A B //
 * 304.9|Neurohypophysis; | In contrast to the two other posterior lobes of the hypophysis, it is of neurogenic origin; so is the continuation of the infundibulum. B //
 * 304.10|Hypothalamic tract and fasciculi; Tractus et fasciculi   hypothalamici|   Tracts   and   fiber bundles of the hypothalamus. //
 * 304.11|Periventricular fibers; Fibrae periventriculares| Fiber tract directly under the ependyma of the  3rd ventricle. It is permeated by cells, connects  the thalamus with the hypothalamus and continues posteriorly into the posterior longitudinal fasciculus. B //.
 * 304.12|Dorsal supraoptic  commissure;  Commissura supraoptica  dorsalis  Meynert|  Decussation  lying directly above the chiasm. Passes to the  other side and may connect the subthalamic nucleus with the contralateral globus pallidus. //.
 * 304.13|Ventral supraoptic commissure; Commissura supraoptica ventralis Gudden| Crossing fibers lying  partially  in  the  chiasm.  Among  other things, it may connect the medial geniculate bodies with one another. //.
 * 304.14|Posterior (dorsal)  longitudinal  fasciculus;  Fasciculus  longitudinalis  dorsalis  Schütz|  Cranial continuation of a large portion of the ventricular fibers. In the midbrain they lie close  .to the cerebral aqueduct and connect the hy.pothalamus with the rest of the brainstem. B  //.
 * 304.15|Mamillotegmental   fasciculus;     Fasciculus mamillotegmentalis|  Dissectible  fiber  bundle  between the mamillary body and the tegmental  nuclei of the midbrain. It arises as a common  trunk  together  with  the  mamillothalamic  fasciculus and branches off into the mesencephalic tegmentum. B //.
 * 304.16|Mamillothalamic fasciculus; Fasciculus mamillothalamicus| It arises together with the mamillotegmental fasciculus and passes to the anterior thalamic nuclei. B //
 * 304.17|Fornix; | It conveys fibers from the hippocampal formation to the medial thalamic nuclei and hypothalamus, and projects fibers to the lateral nuclei of the mamillary body. B //
 * 304.18|Fibers of stria terminalis; Fibrae striae terminalis| Fibers from the amygdaloid body which communicate with the stria terminalis in the hypothalamus. B //
 * 304.19|Medial prosencephalic  fasciculus;  Fasciculus prosencephalicus  medialis|  Fibers  lying  between the medial and lateral hypothalamus. They connect individual hypothalamic nuclei  .with one another and continue toward the oc.ciput in the posterior longitudinal fasciculus. B  //.
 * 304.20|Hypothalamohypophysial tract;   Tractus  hypothalamohypophysialis|   Bundle   of   neurosecretory fibers that arises after the union of the fiber groups from the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. B //
 * 304.21|Supraoptic fibers; Fibrae supraopticae| Fibers that arise in the supraoptic nucleus. B //
 * 304.22|Paraventricular fibers;  Fibrae paraventriculares| Fibers that arise in the paraventricular nucleus. B //
 * 304.23|Supraopticohypophysial tract;   Tractus  supraopticohypophysialis| Fibers that arise in the supraoptic nucleus and form part of the hypothalamohypophysial tract.//
 * 304.24|Paraventriculohypophysial tract; Tractus paraventriculohypophysialis| Fibers that arise in the paraventricular nucleus and form part of the hypothalamohypophysial tract.   //
 * 306.1|ENDBRAIN; Telencephalon| The endbrain, which is formed by invagination of the prosencephalon (forebrain). It consists of the cerebral cortex together with the corpus callosum, corpus striatum and olfactory brain. //.
 * 306.2|CEREBRUM; | In the present context, it comprises the two cerebral hemispheres and their contents. //
 * 306.3|Cerebral cortex;  Cortex cerebralis (pallium)| Paired  portion  of  the  hemispheres  covering most of the brainstem.//
 * 306.4|Cerebral gyri; Gyri cerebrales| Convolutions of the cerebral hemispheres, about 1 cm wide. //
 * 306.5|Cerebral sulci;  Sulci cerebrales| Fissures between gyri. //
 * 306.6|Cerebral lobes; Lobi cerebrales| The four lobes of the cerebrum: frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital. //
 * 306.7|Longitudinal fissure  of  cerebrum;   Fissura longitudinalis  cerebralis|  Deep  longitudinal groove  between  the  right  and  left  cerebral hemispheres. It lodges the falx cerebri. B //.
 * 306.8|Transverse fissure of cerebrum; Fissura transversa  cerebralis  fissura  telodiencephalica|  Fissure beneath the corpus callosum and fornix  as well as above the thalamus and roof of the 3rd  ventricle. B //
 * 306.9|Lateral fossa of cerebrum; Fossa lateralis cerebralis| Space deep within the lateral sulcus. B  //
 * 306.10|Superior (superomedial) margin; Margo superior (superomedialis)| Superior border of a hemisphere between the superolateral and medial surface. B //
 * 306.11|Inferior (inferolateral) margin; Margo inferior (inferolateralis)| Inferolateral border of a hemisphere between the superolateral and inferior  surfaces. B //
 * 306.12|Medial (inferomedial) margin; Margo medialis (inferomedialis)| Inferomedial border of either hemisphere between the inferior and medial surfaces. B //
 * 306.13|Fissura limitans; Fissure between the insula and opercula| The floor of this cleft, the sulcus limitans, receives the insula. //
 * 306.14|Cerebral hemisphere;   Hemispharium  (cerebralis)| Half of the telencephalon. B //
 * 306.15|Superolateral surface of hemisphere; Facies superolateralis hemispherii| Upper and lateral surface of the hemisphere. B //
 * 306.16|Central sulcus; Sulcus centralis| Furrow located between the pre- and postcentral gyri and between the frontal and parietal lobes. A //
 * 306.17|Lateral sulcus; Sulcus lateralis| Deep cleft passing superiorly between the temporal and frontal lobes and inferiorly between the temporal and parietal lobes.//
 * 306.18|Anterior ramus; Ramus anterior| Short anteriorly directed branch of the lateral sulcus.  //
 * 306.19|Ascending ramus;  Ramus ascendens| Short branch of the lateral sulcus ascending into the frontal lobe. A //
 * 306.20|Posterior ramus; Ramus posterior| Long posterior branch of the lateral sulcus terminating near the supramarginal gyrus. A //
 * 306.21|Interlobar sulci;   Sulci  interlobares|  Furrows which separate the cerebral lobes from one another. They include the central and parietooccipital sulci and the lateral sulcus together with its posterior ramus. //.
 * 306.22|Frontal lobe; Lobus frontalis| Lobe extending from the frontal pole to the central sulcus. A //
 * 306.23|Frontal pole; Polus frontalis| Anterior end of the frontal lobe. A //
 * 306.24|Precentral sulcus; Sulcus precentralis| Furrow in front of the precentral gyrus. A //
 * 306.25|Precentral gyrus; Gyrus precentralis| Convolution of the frontal lobe lying in front of the central sulcus. Motor area of the cerebral cortex. A //.
 * 306.26|Superior frontal gyrus; Gyrus frontalis superior (primary motor area ???)| A //.
 * 306.27|Superior frontal sulcus; Sulcus frontalis superior| Furrow below the superior frontal gyrus. A  //
 * 306.28|Middle frontal gyrus; Gyrus frontalis medius| A //.
 * 306.29|Inferior frontal sulcus; Sulcus frontalis inferior| Furrow lying between the middle and inferior frontal gyri. A //
 * 306.30|Inferior frontal gyrus; Gyrus frontalis inferior| //.
 * 306.31|Opercular part  (frontal  operculum);   Pars opercularis [operculum frontale]| Part of inferior frontal gyrus lying behind the ascending ramus and covering the insula. A //
 * 306.32|Orbital part; Pars orbitalis| Part of the inferior frontal gyrus located below the anterior ramus of the lateral sulcus. A //
 * 306.33|Triangular part;  Pars triangularis| Portion of the inferior frontal gyrus located between the  anterior and descending rami of the lateral sulcus. Region of the motor speech center of Broca.  A //.
 * 308.1|Parietal lobe; Lobus parietalis| It is bounded anteriorly by the central sulcus, posteriorly by the parieto-occipital sulcus. A //
 * 308.2|Postcentral sulcus; Sulcus postcentralis| Posterior boundary of the postcentral gyrus. A //
 * 308.3|Postcentral gyrus;   Gyrus  postcentralis|  Predominantly sensory area of the parietal lobe  that lies between the central and postcentral  sulci. A //
 * 308.4|Superior parietal lobule; Lobulus parietalis superior| Upper half of parietal lobe situated behind the postcentral gyrus and above the intraparietal sulcus. A //
 * 308.5|Intraparietal sulcus; Sulcus intraparietalis| Inconstant sagittal furrow between the superior and inferior parietal lobulus. A //
 * 308.6|Inferior parietal lobue; Lobulus parietalis inferior| Lower half of parietal lobe situated behind the  postcentral  gyrus  and  below  the  intraparietal sulcus. A //
 * 308.7|Frontoparietal operculum; Operculum frontoparietale| Part of the cerebral segment located above the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus and covering the insula. It extends toward the occiput and approaches the site where the posterior ramus turns upward. A //.
 * 308.8|Supramarginal gyrus; Gyrus supramarginalis| Convolution curving around the posterior end of the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus. A //
 * 308.9|Angular gyrus; Gyrus angularis| Convolution curving around the posterior end of the superior temporal sulcus. A //
 * 308.10|Occipital lobe;   Lobus  occipitalis|  It  is  incompletely  bounded  by  the  parietal  and  parieto-occipital sulci and the pre-occipital incisure. A //
 * 308.11|Occipital pole; Polus occipitalis| Posterior end of occipital lobe. A //
 * 308.12|Transverse occipital sulcus; Sulcus occipitalis transversus| Continuation of the intraparietalis sulcus on the occipital lobe. A //
 * 308.13|Lunate sulcus; Sulcus lunatus| Sometimes conspicuous semilunar furrow that forms the anterior boundary of the visual cortex. It lies on the superolateral surface of the cerebrum near the occipital pole of the hemisphere at the posterior end of the calcarine fissure. A //.
 * 308.14|Preoccipital incisure;   Incisura  preoccipitalis| Notch near the inferolateral edge of the cerebral  hemisphere that marks the boundary between  the occipital and temporal lobes. On the bony  skull it is marked by the site where the petrous  ridge enters the lateral wall of the skull. A //.
 * 308.15|Temporal lobe; Lobus temporalis| It is bounded superiorly by the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus. A //
 * 308.16|Temporal pole; Polus temporalis| Anterior end of temporal lobe. A //
 * 308.17|Transverse temporal  sulci;  Sulci temporales transversi|  Transverse  furrows  between  the transverse temporal gyri in the floor of the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus. C //
 * 308.18|Transverse temporal  gyri;   Gyri  temporales transversi [Heschl’s transverse convolutions]|  2−4 transverse convolutions in the floor of the  posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus. Acoustic  center. C //.
 * 308.19|Superior temporal gyrus; Gyrus temporalis superior| A C //.
 * 308.20|Temporal operculum;  Operculum temporale| Part of superior temporal gyrus which covers the insula. A //
 * 308.21|Superior temporal sulcus; Sulcus temporalis superior| Cleft between the superior and middle temporal gyri. A //
 * 308.22|Middle temporal gyrus; Gyrus temporalis medius| A C //.
 * 308.23|Inferior temporal sulcus; Sulcus temporalis inferior| Cleft between the middle and inferior temporal gyri. A //
 * 308.24|Inferior temporal gyrus; Gyrus temporalis inferior| A //.
 * 308.25|Insula (insular lobe); Lobus insularis (insula)| Originally exposed cerebral cortex overlapped during ontogenesis. It lies on the floor of the lateral cerebral fossa. B //.
 * 308.26|Insular gyri; Gyri insulae| Gyri on the surface of the insula.//
 * 308.27|Short gyri  of  insula  Gyri  breves  insulae;  Short gyri located in the upper portion of the insula| B //.
 * 308.28|Long gyrus of insula; Gyrus longus insulae| Long horizontal convolution located below the short gyri. B //
 * 308.29|Limen insulae; | Terminal portion of the insular directed anteroinferiorly toward the anterior perforated substance. It is covered by the middle cerebral artery. B //.
 * 308.30|Central sulcus of insula; Sulcus centralis insulae| Cleft between the long and short gyri of the insula. B //
 * 308.31|Circular sulcus of insula; Sulcus circularis insulae| Limiting furrow of the insula. It is interrupted by the limen insulae. B //.
 * 310.1|Medial and  inferior  surfaces  of  a  cerebral hemisphere;    Facies   medialis   et   inferior hemispherii cerebri//|.
 * 310.|2; Sulcus of corpus callosum| Sulcus corporis callosi. Cleft between the corpus callosum and the cingulate gyrus. A //.
 * 310.3|Cingulate gyrus; Gyrus cinguli (cingulatum)| Convolution between the cingulate sulcus and  sulcus of the corpus callosum coursing parallel  to the corpus callosum. It is part of the limbic  cortex. A //.
 * 310.4|Isthmus of cingulate gyrus; Isthmus gyri cinguli (cingulatus)| Constricted area where the cingulate gyrus connects with the parahippocampal  gyrus  posterior  and  inferior  to  the splenium of the corpus callosum. A //
 * 310.5|Cingulate sulcus; Sulcus cinguli (cingulatus)| Furrow bounding the anterior portion of cingulate gyrus anteriorly and superiorly. A //
 * 310.6|Subparietal sulcus; Sulcus subparietalis| Furrow bounding the posterior portion of the cingulate gyrus superiorly and posteriorly. A //
 * 310.7|Medial frontal gyrus; Gyrus frontalis medialis| Convolution superior to the medial surface of the frontal lobe, bounded inferiorly by the cingulate sulcus. A //
 * 310.8|Paracentral  lobule;   Lobulus  paracentralis| Hooklike  connection  between  the  pre-  and postcentral gyri on the medial surface. A //
 * 310.9|Precuneus; Precuneus|3  Area in front of the parieto-occipital sulcus. Anteriorly; it is partly bounded by the subparietal sulcus. A //.
 * 310.10|Parieto-occipital sulcus; Sulcus parieto-occipitalis| Deep cleft in front of the cuneus separating the occipital and parietal lobes. A //
 * 310.11|Cuneus; | Portion of the brain located between the calcarine and parieto-occipital sulci. A //
 * 310.12|Calcarine sulcus; Sulcus calcarinus| Deep furrow below the cuneus near the primary visual area. Anteriorly, it meets the parieto-occipital sulcus at an acute angle. A //.
 * 310.13|Dentate gyrus; Gyrus dentatus| Curved convolution of gray matter with a serrated appearance  due to numerous indentations. It forms the inferior continuation of the fasciolar gyrus, reaches  up to the medial surface of the uncus and lies between the hippocampus and parahippocampal  gyrus. A //.
 * 310.14|Hippocampal sulcus; Sulcus hippocampi (hippocampalis)| Furrow situated between the parahippocampal and dentate gyri. It joins the uncus  anteriorly. A //.
 * 310.15|Parahippocampal gyrus;   Gyrus  hippocampi (parahippocampalis)| Thick convolution located below the hippocampal sulcus. A B //
 * 310.16|Uncus; | Hooklike structure on the anterior end of the parahippocampal gyrus. A B //
 * 310.17|Lingual gyrus;   Gyrus  lingualis|  Occipitally directed continuation of the parahippocampal gyrus. A B //
 * 310.18|Collateral sulcus;  Sulcus collateralis| Furrow between the parahippocampal and medial occipitotemporal gyri extending into the occipital  lobe. A B //
 * 310.19|Rhinal sulcus; Sulcus rhinalis| Continuation of the collateral sulcus occasionally present lateral to the uncus. A B //
 * 310.20|Medial occipitotemporal gyrus; Gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis| Basal convolution between the collateral and occipitotemporal sulci.  AB //
 * 310.21|Occipitotemporal sulcus; Sulcus occipitotemporalis| Cleft between the medial and lateral occipitotemporal gyri located on the inferior surface of the brain lateral to the collateral sulcus. A  B //
 * 310.22|Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus; Gyrus occipitotemporalis  lateralis|  Convolution  adjoining the occipitotemporal sulcus laterally. At the inferior margin of the temporal lobe it becomes continuous with the inferior temporal gyrus without interruption. A B //.
 * 310.23|Gyrus rectus; | Elongated convolution located above the orbit at its medial margin. B //
 * 310.24|Olfactory sulcus; Sulcus olfactorius| Groove for the olfactory tract on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe. B //
 * 310.25|Orbital gyri; Gyri orbitales| Frontal convolutions located lateral to the gyrus rectus. //
 * 310.26|Orbital sulci; Sulci orbitales| Furrows between the oribtal gyri. B //
 * 310. 26 a Olfactory brain| Rhinencephalon; //|.
 * 310.27|Olfactory bulb; Bulbus olfactorius| Knob-like enlargement  containing  dendrite-rich  mitral  cells at the beginning of the olfactory tract. B  //
 * 310.28|Olfactory tract; Tractus olfactorius| Connection between the olfactory bulb and trigone on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe. B //
 * 310.29|Olfactory trigone; Trigonum olfactorium| Triangular widening at the end of the olfactory  tract. B //
 * 310.30|Medial and lateral olfactory striae; Striae olfactoriae medialis et lateralis| Diverging fiber bundles of the olfactory tract radiating fanlike at the olfactory trigone. B //
 * 310.31|Medial and lateral olfactory gyri; Gyri olfactorii medialis et lateralis| Cellular continuations of the corresponding olfactory striae.
 * 312.1|Olfactory brain; | Its comprised of the substantia perforata anterior, stria diagonalis, area subcallosa and gyrus paraterminalis. //
 * 312.2|Anterior perforated  substance;  Substantia perforata  anterior|   Area  posterior  to  the  olfactory trigone with perforations for the passage of cerebral vessels. A //
 * 312.3| Diagonal stria (band) of Broca; Stria diagonalis [Broca]|  Bundle  of  myelinated  fibers  often coursing obliquely over the anterior perforated substance. It connects the precommissural septum with the uncus. A //.
 * 312.4| Subcallosal area; Area subcallosa| Area on the  medial surface of the frontal lobe situated below  the genu and rostrum of the corpus callosum. A//
 * 312.5| Paraterminal  gyrus;   Gyrus  paraterminalis|  Convolution on the medial surface below the  rostrum and in front of the laminal terminalis. A//
 * 312.6| Corpus  callosum; |  Massive  transverse  fibers  connecting the right and left hemispheres at the  base of the longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum.  ABC //
 * 312.7| Splenium; | Thick, free posterior end of the corpus callosum. B //
 * 312.8| Trunk; Truncus| Portion of corpus callosum between the splenium and genu. B //
 * 312.9| Genu; | Bend in the corpus callosum located anteriorly above the rostrum. B //
 * 312.10| Rostrum; | Anterior end of corpus callosum that tapers inferiorly to a point where it joins the lamina terminalis. B //
 * 312.11| Radiation of  corpus  callosum;  Radiatio corporis callosi| Fibers radiating from the corpus callosum to the cerebral cortex. A D //
 * 312.12| Forceps minor; Forceps frontalis (minor)| Ushaped fibers passing through the genu of the  corpus  callosum  and  connecting  the  frontal  lobes. D //
 * 312.13| Forceps major; Forceps occipitalis (major)| Ushaped fibers passing through the splenium of the corpus callosum and connecting the posterior parts of the occipital lobes. D //
 * 312.14| Tapetum; | Continuous layer of fibers arching laterally and inferiorly from the corpus callosum and forming the lateral wall of the inferior and posterior horns of the lateral ventricle as well as the roof of the posterior horn. C //
 * 312.15| Indusium griseum; | Thin layer of gray matter on the superior surface of the corpus callosum. B C//
 * 312.16| Medial longitudinal stria;  Stria longitudinalis  medialis| A medial longitudinal band of white  fibers in the indusium griseum. It is part of the  olfactory brain. B C //.
 * 312.17| Lateral longitudinal stria; Stria longitudinalis lateralis| Paired longitudinal stripe embedded in the indusium griseum and covered laterally  by the cingulate gyrus. It is part of the olfactory  brain. B C //.
 * 312.18|Gyrus fasciolaris; |  Convolution  that  passes around the splenium of the corpus callosum and  forms a connection between the longitudinal  striae, including the indusium griseum and dentate gyrus. B //
 * 312.19|Lamina terminalis; | Thin walled, anterior border of the 3rd ventricle. A B //
 * 312.20|Anterior commissure;   Commissura  anterior| Anterior, transverse connection between the  right and left halves of the cerebrum. It lies behind the lamina terminalis and is visible in the  .most anterior segment of the 3rd ventricle. A //
 * 312.21|Fornix; | Curved bundle of fibers that pass in both directions between the mamillary body and hippocampus. B //
 * 312.22|Crus of fornix; Crus| The posterior limb of the fornix that arises from the hippocampus as the hippocampal fimbria, circles around the pulvinar and unites with the contralateral limb to form the body of the fornix. B //
 * 312.23|Body of fornix; Corpus| Unparied middle part of fornix situated below the corpus callosum and formed by the union of both crura. B //
 * 312.24|Tenia; Taenia| Thin, lateral margin of the fornix that gives attachment to the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle. B //
 * 312.25|Column; Columna| Anterior part of the fornix located partly in the lateral wall of the 3rd  ventricle. It extends as far as the mamillary body. B//.
 * 312.26|Commissure; Commissura| Triangular connecting plate situated between the crura of the fornix below the posterior part of the corpus callosum. It contains fibers crossing from the hippocampal fimbriae of both sides. B //.
 * 312.27|Septum pellucidum (lucidum); | Bilayered, thin plate extending between the corpus callosum and fornix. It separates the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles from one another. B //.
 * 312.28|Cavity of septum pellucidum; Cavum septi pellucidi| Enclosed cavity of variable size between  the two laminae of the septum pellucidum. B //
 * 312.29|Lamina of septum pellucidum; Lamina septi pellucidi| Paired sheet forming the septum pellucidum and the lateral wall of its cavity. B //
 * 312.30|Precommissural septum; Septum precommissurale| Area on the free medial surface of the  frontal lobe in front of the lamina terminalis. //
 * 314.1|Lateral ventricle; Ventriculus lateralis| Paired ventricle which communicates with the third ventricle via the interventricular foramen. It consists of the pars centralis and three horns (anterior, posterior, inferior). A //.
 * 314.2|Central part; Pars centralis| Middle portion of lateral ventricle located above the thalamus and below the corpus callosum. It contains a part of the choroid plexus. A //.
 * 314.3|Interventricular  foramen;   Foramen  interventriculare|  Passage  behind  and  below  the genu of the fornix through which the lateral and third ventricles communicate. D //
 * 314.4|Anterior horn; Cornu frontale (anterius)| Part of the lateral ventricle that extends forward from  the interventricular foramen. It is bounded medially by the septum pellucidum, laterally by the  head of the caudate nucleus, superiorly by the  trunk of the corpus callosum, anteriorly and inferiorly by the genu and rostrum of the corpus  callosum. A //.
 * 314.5|Posterior horn;  Cornu occipitale (posterius)| Part of the lateral ventricle that extends into the occipital lobe. A //
 * 314.6|Inferior horn; Cornu temporale (inferius)| Part of the lateral ventricle that accompanies the hippocampus laterally and contains a part of the choroid plexus. A //
 * 314.7|Stria terminalis; | Longitudinal band of myelinated fibers located in the angle between the thalamus  and  caudate  nucleus  above  the  thalamostriate vein. It arises from the amygdaloid body. B //.
 * 314.8|Lamina affixa; | Floor of lateral ventricle between the stria terminalis and tenia choroidea. B //
 * 314.9|Choroid fissure;  Fissura choroidea| Cleft between the thalamus and fornix for passage of  the choroid plexus into the lateral ventricle. In  the inferior horn it lies between the fimbria of  the hippocampus and the stria terminalis. B //.
 * 314.10|Tenia choroidea; Taenia choroidea| Line of attachment of the lateral choroid plexus to the thalamus. It becomes visible after removal of the choroid plexus. B //.
 * 314.11|Choroid plexus  of  lateral  ventricle;   Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis| Highly vascularized, fringelike villous folds that protrude  into the lateral ventricle through the choroid fissure. They extend anteriorly to the interventricular foramen and posteriorly into the inferior  horn. B //.
 * 314.12|Bulb of posterior horn; Bulbus cornus occipitalis (posterioris)| Enlargement on the medial side of the posterior horn caused by fibers of the splenium of the corpus callosum. C //
 * 314.13|Calcar avis; | Enlargement on the medial side of the posterior horn produced by the calcarine fissure. C //
 * 314.14|Collateral eminence;   Eminentia  collateralis| Elevation in the lateral floor of the inferior horn near the hippocampus. It is caused by the collateral sulcus. C //.
 * 314.15|Collateral  trigone;    Trigonum   collaterale| Broadened triangular area near the beginning of the collateral eminence at the border between the inferior and posterior horns. C //
 * 314.16|Hippocampus; | Enlongated elevation in the inferior horn formed by the hippocampal sulcus. It is a specifically  structured  part  of  the  rhinencephalon. C //.
 * 314.17|Pes; | Foot like elevation at the anterior end of the hippocampus. C //
 * 314.18|Alveus; | Thin layer of white matter on the hippocampus. C //
 * 314.19|Fimbria; | Bundleofwhitefibersemanatingfrom the alveus and passing medially and upward on the hippocampus to continue into the fornix as  its crus. C //
 * 314. 19 a|Sections of the telencephalon; Sectiones telencephalici|//.
 * 314.20|Archicortex (archipallium); Archaecortex| Phylogenetically speaking, this is an older part of the cerebral cortex. Unlike the neocortex, it has three instead of six layers and is formed by the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. //.
 * 314.21|Paleocortex; Palaeocortex| Oldest part of cerebral cortex originally derived from the piriform  lobe.//
 * 314.22|Neocortex; | The largest part of the cerebral cortex comprised of six layers. //
 * 314.22 a Mesocortex| Incompletely differentiated zone in the region of the insular cortex with visceral functions; //|.
 * 316.1|Sections through telencephalon; Sectiones telencephali|//.
 * 316.2|Cerebral cortex;  Cortex cerebralis (pallium)| Gray  matter,  1.5−4.5 mm  thick,  consisting mainly of the following six layers. A //
 * 316.3|Molecular (plexiform) layer; 1st layer| Lamina molecularis (plexiformis). It contains a few tangential cells and a thick network of tangential fibers from dendrites of pyramidal cells and axons of other cells. None of its projections extend beyond the cerebral cortex. A //
 * 316.4|External granular  layer;   2nd   layer|  Lamina granularis externa. A layer of small cells in a fine fiber network. A //.
 * 316.5|External pyramidal  layer  (pyramidal  cell layer);  3rd layer| Lamina pyramidalis externa. It contains medium-sized pyramidal cells which do not form long tracts. A //.
 * 316.6|Internal granular layer; 4th layer| Lamina granularis  interna.  It  consists  predominantly  of  closely packed stellate cells and receives impulses primarily from thalamocortical fibers. Its  stria is comprised of densely stratified tangential fibers. A //
 * 316.7|Internal pyramidal (ganglionic) layer; 5th layer| Lamina pyramidalis interna (ganglionaris). It  contains larger pyramidal cells and is the exit of  the corticonuclear and corticospinal tracts in  the corresponding regions of areas 4 and 6. A //.
 * 316.8|Multiform (fusiform) layer; 6th  layer| Lamina multiformis. Poorly defined layer made up of many, mostly small, fusiform cells extending into the white matter. A //.
 * 316.9|Tangential fibers; Neurofibrae tangentiales| Superficial fiber complex comprised of the following four layers. //
 * 316.10|Stria of  molecular  layer;   Stria  laminae molecularis (plexiformis)| Band of tangential fibers in the 1st layer of the cerebral cortex. A //
 * 316.11|Stria of external granular layer; Strialaminae granularis externa| Thinner band of tangential  fibers in the 2nd layer of the cerebral cortex. A //
 * 316.12|Stria of internal granular layer; Stria laminae granularis interna| Band of tangential fibers in the 4th layer of the cerebral cortex outer stripe of Baillarger. A //
 * 316.13|Stria of  internal  pyramidal  layer;   Stria laminae  pyramidalis  interna  (ganglionaris)|  Band of tangential fibers in the 5th layer of the  cerebral cortex inner stripe of Baillarger. A //
 * 316.14|Arcuate fibers of cerebrum; Fibrae arcuatae cerebri| Arcuate fibers connecting the adjacent cerebral gyri. F //
 * 316.15|Cingulum; Fiber bundle lying in the medulla of the cingulate gyrus| It arises from the area subcallosa,  arches  around  the  corpus  callosum,  passes the splenium and extends anteriorly up  to the uncus. C //
 * 316.16|Superior longitudinal  fasciculus;   Fasciculus longitudinalis superior| Largest bundle of association fibers in the cerebrum, extending from  the frontal lobe to the temporal lobe via the  occipital lobe. E //
 * 316.17|Inferior longitudinal  fasciculus;   Fasciculus longitudinalis  inferior|  Bundle  of  association  fibers connecting the temporal and occipital  lobes. E //
 * 316.18|Uncinate fasciculus; Fasciculus uncinatus| Association fibers connecting the inferior surface of the frontal lobe and the anterior part of the temporal lobe. E //
 * 316.19|Radiation of  corpus  callosum;  Radiatio corporis callosi| Fibers connecting the right and left cerebral cortices. See also p.312.11−14. C //.
 * 316.20|Basal nuclei; Nuclei basales| Basal ganglion.//
 * 316.21|Corpus striatum; | The striate body, which is comprised of basal ganglia (caudate nucleus and  putamen) united by bundles of gray matter.  Central synaptic station of the extrapyramidal  system. D //.
 * 316.22|Caudate nucleus; Nucleus caudatus| Elongated, arched nucleus that arises from the ganglionic mass of the telencephalon and curves around the thalamus.//
 * 316.23|Head of caudate nucleus; Caput nuclei caudati| Anteriorly situated structure that forms the lateral wall of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. B D //
 * 316.24|Body of caudate nucleus; Corpus nuclei caudati| Middle part of caudate nucleus lying on the thalamus. B D //
 * 316.25|Tail of caudate nucleus; Cauda nuclei caudati|  It  accompanies  the  inferior  horn  and forms the tapering posterior and inferior segments of the caudate nucleus. D //
 * 316.26|Lentiform nucleus; Nucleus lentiformis (lenticularis)| Part of the corpus striatum that arises from the telencephalon and diencephalon. D //
 * 316.27|Putamen; | Lateral, telencephalic portion of the lentiform nucleus. B //
 * 316.28|Lateral medullary lamina; Lamina medullaris lateralis| Medullary layer of the corpus striatum  situated between the globus pallidus and putamen. B //
 * 316.29|Lateral globus pallidus; Globus pallidus lateralis| Part of the diencephalic globus pallidus located between the lateral and medial medullary  laminae. B //
 * 316.30|Medial medullary lamina; Lamina medullaris medialis| Medullary layer between the medial and lateral parts of the globus pallidus. B //
 * 316.31|Medial globus pallidus; Globus pallidus medialis| Part of the globus pallidus located medial to the medial medullary lamina. B //
 * 316.32|Claustrum; | Layer of gray matter between the lentiform nucleus and the insular cortex. B //
 * 318.1|Amygdaloid body  (amygdala);   Corpus  amygdaloideum| Ovoid group of nuclei in front of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle that communicates with the medial cerebral cortex. It forms part  of the rhinencephalon, has some autonomic functions, and influences emotional behavior. D //.
 * 318.2|Anterior amygdaloid area; Area amygdaloidea anterior| Anterior group of cells directed toward the  anterior  perforated  substance.  It  receives fibers from the lateral olfactory tract. The diagonal band of Broca arises from this area. D //
 * 318.3|Basolateral part; Pars basolateralis| In humans, it  contains  the  largest  group  of  nuclei  of  the amygdala complex. It receives no olfactory fibers but has projections to the hypothalamus, hippocampus and other parts of the brain, as well as with the stria terminalis. D //.
 * 318.4|Corticomedial part; Pars corticomedialis [olfactoria]| Smaller superomedially directed group of  nuclei that receives fibers from the olfactory tract  and is involved in the formation of the stria terminalis. D //
 * 318.5|Extreme capsule; Capsula extrema| White matter between  the  cortex  of  the  insula  and  the claustrum. A B //
 * 318.6|External capsule; Capsula externa| White matter between the claustrum and lentiform nucleus. A B //
 * 318.7|Internal capsule; Capsula interna| Very important conduction band lying medial to the lentiform nucleus and lateral to the thalamus and caudate nucleus. A //
 * 318.8|Anterior limb of internal capsule; Crus anterius capsulae internae| Structure lying between the  lentiform nucleus and the head of the caudate nucleus. A //
 * 318.9|Anterior  thalamic   radiations;   Radiationes thalamicae anteriores| It contains fibers that connect the frontal lobe and the medial nucleus of the  thalamus, as well as the anterior nucleus of the  thalamus and the anterior region of the cingulate  gyrus. B //
 * 318.10|Frontopontine tract;   Tractus  frontopontinus| Fibers extending from the frontal lobe to the nuclei of the pons. B //
 * 318.11|Genu of internal capsule; Genu capsulae internae| It lies between the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule and forms part of the lateral wall of the ventricular system. A B //
 * 318.12|Corticonuclear tract;  Tractus corticonuclearis| Part of the pyramidal tract passing into the motor nuclei of the cranial nerves. B //
 * 318.13|Posterior limb of internal capsule; Crus posterius capsulae internae| The part of the internal capsule that separates the lentiform nucleus from the thalamus and body of caudate nucleus. A //
 * 318.14|Thalamolentiform part;   Pars  thalamolentiformis| Portion of the posterior limb of the internal capsule that extends up to the posterior margin of the lentiform nucleus. B //
 * 318.15|Corticospinal fibers; Fibrae corticospinales| Part of the pyramidal tract that is organized somatotopically in such a way that the fibers for the most  caudal region of the body lie farthest toward the  occiput. B //
 * 318.16|Corticorubral fibers; Fibrae corticorubrales| Fibers extending from the frontal lobe to the red nucleus.  B //
 * 318.17|Corticoreticular fibers;   Fibrae  corticoreticulares| Fibers passing from the region in front of and behind the central sulcus to the reticular formation.  B //
 * 318.18|Corticothalamic fibers;  Fibrae corticothalamicae| Part of the thalamic radiation in the thalamus. B //
 * 318.19|Thalamoparietal fibers; Fibrae thalamoparietales| Nerve fibers that project from the cerebral cortex to the thalamus. B //
 * 318.20|Central thalamic radiations; Radiationes thalamicae centrales| Nerve fibers that radiate from the superior portion of the cerebral cortex to the thalamus. B .302.2.21.Sublentiform part
 * 318.22|Optic radiation Gratioleti; Radiatio optica| Fiber tract that radiates from the lateral geniculate body to the area striata in the occipital lobe. A B //
 * 318.23|Acoustic radiation; Radiatio acustica| Auditory tract that radiates from the medial geniculate body to the transverse temporal gyrus Heschl. A B //
 * 318.24|Corticotectal fibers;  Fibrae  corticotectales|  Connecting fibers between the cerebral cortex and the tectum. B //
 * 318.25|Temporopontine fibers;  Fibrae temporopontinae| Fibers of the cerebropontocerebellar tract that arise from the temporal lobe. B //
 * 318.26|Retrolentiform part; Pars retrolentiformis| Portion of internal capsule situated occipital to the lentiform nucleus. A B //
 * 318.27|Posterior thalamic radiations; Radiationes thalamicae posteriores| B //.
 * 318.28|Parieto-occipitopontine fasciculus;  Fasciculus parieto-occipitopontinus| Portion of cerebropontocerebellar tract arising from the parietal and occipital lobes. B //
 * 318.29|Corona radiata; | Fibers of the internal capsule radiating fanlike in all directions toward the cerebral cortex. A //
 * 318.30|Anterior commissure; Commisura anterior| It lies in front of the column of the fornix and is readily  visible in the anterior wall of the third ventricle. A  C //
 * 318.31|Anterior part; Pars anterior| It radiates into the area subcallosa and is part of the phylogenetic rhinencephalon. C //
 * 318.32|Posterior part; Pars posterior| Larger portion of anterior commisure that connects the two temporal lobes. C //
 * 318.33|Association neurofibers;   Neurofibrae  associationes| Association fibers connecting adjacent or distant parts of the same side of the cerebrum. They form some of the above-named tracts, e. g.,  .cingulum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, etc. //
 * 318.34|Commissural neurofibers; Neurofibrae commissurales| They connect equivalent structures of contralateral hemispheres. //
 * 318.35|Projecting neurofibers;   Neurofibrae  projectiones|  They  form  the  longer  tracts,  e. g.,  pyramidal  tract,  optic  and  acoustic  radiations, thalamic radiation.  //
 * 320.1|Peripheral nervous system;  Pars peripherica (systema nervosum periphericum)| The peripheral part of the nervous system which includes all peripheral  conducting  tracts (nerves).  The  .border between it and the central nervous sys.tem lies at the surface of the brain and spinal cord. //.
 * 320.2|CRANIAL  NERVES;    Nervi   craniales (encephalici)|  The 12 pairs  of  nerves  connected  with  the  brain.  With  the  exception  of  the  trochlear (IV), all of them emerge from the base  of the brain and exit through the base of the  skull (in contrast to the spinal nerves). Area of  distribution: head, neck, as well as the thorax  and abdomen (via vagus nerve). //
 * 320.3|OLFACTORY NERVE (I); Nervi olfactorii (I)| First cranial nerve, which is formed by about 20 small bundles of nonmyelinated axons from the  olfactory cells. It passes through the cribriform  plate of the ethmoid into the olfactory bulb  (synaptic site). A //.
 * 320.4|OPTIC NERVE (II); Nervus opticus [II]| Second cranial nerve which leaves the eyeball medial to the  posterior optic pole and extends up to the optic  chiasm. B C //
 * 320.5|OCULOMOTOR NERVE (III); Nervus oculomotorius [III]| Third cranial nerve, which exits from the  sulcus  on  the  medial  side  of  the  cerebral  peduncle.  This  motor  nerve (somatic  and  visceral) passes into the orbit through the superior orbital fissure. B C //.
 * 320.6|Superior ramus (division); Ramus superior| Superior branch for the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles. B //
 * 320.7|Inferior ramus (division); Ramus inferior| Inferior branch for the medial and inferior recti and inferior oblique muscles. B //
 * 320.8|Ciliary ganglion;   Ganglion  ciliare|  Located about 2 cm behind the eyeball and lateral to the optic  nerve.  This  parasympathetic  ganglion  serves as a relay station for fibers innervating  .the ciliary and sphincter pupillae muscles. B  //
 * 320.9|Parasympathetic (motor) root; Radix parasympathetica  (oculomotoria)|  Branch  of  the oculomotor  nerve  with  preganglionic,  parasympathetic fibers projecting to the ciliary ganglion. B //
 * 320.10|Short ciliary  nerves; Nervi|. Several (up to 20) nerves penetrating the sclera  above and below the optic nerve and carrying  postganglionic,  parasympathetic  and  sympathetic fibers. B //.
 * 320.11|Sympathetic root; Radix sympathetica| Fine, postganglionic  fiber  tract  from  the  internal  carotid plexus with no synapses in the ciliary  ganglion. B //
 * 320.12|Sensory root;   Radix  sensoria  (nasociliaris)| Fine, long connection with afferent fibers to the nasociliary nerve. B //
 * 320.13|TROCHLEAR NERVE  (IV);   Nervus  trochlearis  [IV]| Fourth cranial nerve. Thin nerve exiting dorsal and caudal to the tectal lamina and supplying the superior oblique muscle. B //.
 * 320.14|Decussation of trochlear nerve; Decussatio nervorum   trochlearium|   The   crossing   of trochlear nerve fibers in the superior medullary velum. B //
 * 320.15|TRIGEMINAL NERVE (V); Nervus trigeminus [V]| Fifth cranial nerve (nerve of the 1st pharyngeal arch).  Nerve that exits laterally from the pons with  two groups of fibers, supplies the masticatory  muscles and provides sensory innervation to  the face. B C //.
 * 320.16|Sensory root of trigeminal nerve; Radix sensoria [portio major]| Sensory part which exits from the pons caudally and enters the trigeminal ganglion. C //
 * 320.17|Trigeminal (semilunar,  gasserian)  ganglion;  Ganglion  trigeminale semilunare;  Gasseri|  Semilunar ganglion that is equivalent to a spinal ganglion. It is located in an outpocketing of  the subarachnoid space (cavum trigeminale)  above the foramen lacerum at the medial, anterior border of the petrous part of the temporal  bone. C //.
 * 320.18|Motor root;   Radix  motoria  [portio  minor]| Motor portion of trigeminal nerve for innervation of the masticatory muscles. It is situated cranially at the exit of the trigeminal nerve and below the trigeminal ganglion. C //.
 * 320.19|Ophthalmic nerve; Nervus ophthalmicus| First division (branch)  of  trigeminal  nerve.  It  passes through the superior orbital fissure. C //.
 * 320.20|Tentorial (meningeal)  branch;  Ramus tentorii (meningeus)| Recurrent nerve for the tentorium cerebelli and falx cerebri. C //
 * 320.21|Lacrimal nerve; Nervus lacrimalis| Passes laterally through the superior orbital fissure and supplies the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and lateral portion of upper eyelid. C //
 * 320.22|Communicating  ramus   with   zygomatic nerve;  Ramus communicans [cum| n. zygomatico]. Connection to the zygomatic nerve with  autonomic fibers extending from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal gland. C //
 * 320.23|Frontal nerve; Nervus frontalis| Nerve that enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure. It  lies on the levator palpebrae superioris and  continues  toward  the  forehead.  C;  see  also p. 323 A //
 * 320.24|Supraorbital nerve; Nervus supraorbitalis| Thickest branch of the frontal nerve. It supplies the conjunctiva, upper eyelid, frontal sinus and the skin of the forehead. C //.
 * 320.25|Lateral branch;   Ramus  lateralis|  It  passes through the supra-orbital notch. C //
 * 320.26|Medial branch; Ramus medialis| It passes medially through the frontal notch. C //
 * 320.27|Supratrochlear nerve;   Nervus  supratrochlearis| Thin, medial branch of frontal nerve. It divides at the medial angle of the eye to form an ascending and descending branch. C //.
 * 322.1|Nasociliary nerve; Nervus nasociliaris| Most medial branch of the ophthalmic nerve. It courses below the superior rectus and between the superior oblique and medial rectus. A //.
 * 322.2|Communicating branch of nasociliary nerve with ciliary  ganglion;   Ramus  communicans [cum  ganglio  ciliari]|  Any  branch  carrying sensory fibers from the eye through the ciliary ganglion to the nasociliary nerve. A //
 * 322.3|Long ciliary nerves; Nervi|. Two long, fine twigs with sympathetic fibers supplying the dilatator pupillae muscle and afferent fibers from the iris, ciliary body and cornea. A //.
 * 322.4|Posterior ethmoidal  nerve;   Nervus  ethmoidalis posterior| Thin nerve at the posterior end of the orbit supplying the sphenoidal sinus and posterior ethmoidal cells. A //
 * 322.5|Anterior ethmoidal nerve; Nervus ethmoidalis anterior|  Nerve  that  enters  the  cranial  cavity  (extradural  part)  through  the  anterior  ethmoidal foramen. It then courses through the cribriform  .plate of the ethmoid into the nasal cavity. A B C //
 * 322.6|Nasal branches of anterior ethmoidal nerve; Rami nasales [n| ethmoidalis anterior]. Collective term for the following four branches of the anterior ethmoidal nerve. //.
 * 322.7|Internal nasal  branches;   Rami  nasales  interni| Rami that innervate the nasal mucosa in front of the conchae and for the anterior nasal septum. B //
 * 322.8|Lateral nasal branches; Rami nasales laterales| Innervate the anterior part of lateral nasal wall. B//
 * 322.9|Medial nasal branches; Rami nasales mediales| Innervate the anterior part of the nasal septum. C //
 * 322.10|External nasal branch; Ramus nasalis externus| Innervates the skin on the tip of the nose and the nasal ala; it passes through the ethmoidal sulcus of the nasal bone. B //
 * 322.11|Infratrochlear nerve;   Nervus  infratrochlearis|  It passes below the trochlea of the superior oblique at the inner angle of the eye and supplies the lacrimal sac, lacrimal caruncle and surrounding skin. A //
 * 322.12|Palpebral branches;  Rami palpebrales| Rami for part of the upper and lower eyelids. A //
 * 322.13|Maxillary nerve; Nervus maxillaris| Second division (branch) of trigeminal nerve. It passes through the foramen rotundum to the pterygopalatine fossa and subsequently through the inferior orbital fissure into the orbit. A C //.
 * 322.14|Meningeal nerve; Ramus meningeus [medius]| Branch given off in front of the foramen rotundum. It supplies the dura in the region of the frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery. A //.
 * 322.15|Ganglionic branches; Rami ganglionici (ganglionares)| Usually two rami from the pterygopalatine ganglion. They contain autonomic fibers for the lacrimal gland and sensory fibers from the periosteum of the orbit. A //.
 * 322.16|Pterygopalatine ganglion;   Ganglion  pterygopalatinum| Parasympathetic ganglion located in  the  corresponding  fossa  close  to  the  sphenopalatine foramen. Their postganglionic fibers innervate the lacrimal and nasal glands. A B C //.
 * 322. 16 a|Parasympathetic root; Radix parasympathetica| Communicates with the greater petrosal nerve. //
 * 322. 16 b Sympathetic root|  Radix  sympathetica;   Communicates with the deep petrosal nerve|//.
 * 322. 16 c|Sensory root;   Radix sensoria| Communicates with the maxillary nerve. //
 * 322.17|Orbital branches; Rami orbitales| Two to three fine rami which pass into the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure, then through the bone to the  posterior ethmoidal cells and to the sphenoidal  sinus. B C //
 * 322.18|Lateral posterior  superior  nasal  branches;  Rami nasales posteriores superiores laterales| Up to 10 fine rami which pass through the sphenopalatine foramen to the superior and middle nasal  .conchae and to the posterior ethmoidal cells. B //.
 * 322.19|Medial posterior  superior  nasal  branches;  Rami  nasales  posteriores  superiores  mediales|  Two to three branches which pass through the  sphenopalatine foramen to the upper part of the  nasal septum. C //
 * 322.20|Nasopalatine nerve;   Nervus  nasopalatinus  incisivus| It passes between the periosteum and mucosa of the nasal septum, then through the incisive  canal to the anterior part of the palatine mucosa  and the gingiva of the upper incisor teeth. C //
 * 322. 20 a |Long nasopalatine nerve; Nervus nasopalatinus longus|//.
 * 322. 20 b|Branches to nasal septum; Rami septales nasales| //.
 * 322. 20 c |Short nasopalatine nerves; Nervi nasopalatini breves| //.
 * 322. 20 d |Lateral nasal branches; Rami nasales laterales| //.
 * 322. 20 e |Branches to maxillary sinus; Rami sinus maxillaris| //.
 * 322.21|Pharyngeal nerve;   Nervus  pharyngeus|  Fine nerve for the pharyngeal mucosa. B //
 * 322.22|Greater palatine nerve; Nervus palatinus major| After passing  through  the  greater  palatine  canal,  it  courses through the corresponding foramen and  supplies the mucosa of the hard palate and its  glands. B //
 * 322.23|Posterior inferior nasal branches; Rami nasales posteriores inferiores| Rami for the middle and inferior nasal meatuses as well as the inferior nasal  concha. B //
 * 322.24|Lesser palatine  nerves; Nervi|. They travel in their respective, slender canals, exit through the lesser palatine foramina and supply the soft palate. B //.
 * 322. 24 a |Tonsillar branches; Rami tonsillares| Branches to the palatine tonsil. //
 * 322.25|Zygomatic nerve;  Nervus zygomaticus| It branches into the pterygopalatine fossa, passes through the  inferior orbital fissure to the lateral wall of the  orbit and provides an anastomotic branch to the  lacrimal gland. A //
 * 322.26|Zygomaticotemporal branch; Ramus zygomaticotemporalis| It passes through the respective foramen to the lateral wall of the orbit. A //
 * 322.27|Zygomaticofacial branch;  Ramus zygomticofacialis| It passes through the corresponding foramen to the skin on the zygomatic bone. A //
 * 324.1|Infraorbital nerve; Nervus infraorbitalis| Terminal branch of maxillary nerve. It passes through the inferior orbital fissure and corresponding sulcus and foramen to the skin of the upper eyelid, nose, upper lip and cheek. C //.
 * 324.2|Superior alveolar nerves; Nervi|. Branches to the maxillary teeth. //.
 * 324.3|Posterior superior alveolar branches; Rami alveolares superiores posteriores| Two to three branches   passing   through   the   alveolar foramina to the inner surface of the maxilla. They supply the maxillary sinus and the molars including their buccal gingiva. C //.
 * 324.4|Middle superior  alveolar  branch;   R| alveolaris superior medius. It courses through the infraorbital sulcus to the maxilla and passes along the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus up to the superior dental plexus. C //.
 * 324.5|Anterior superior alveolar branches; Rami alveolares superiores anteriores| They run in their respective canals and via the superior dental  plexus  to  the  incisors,  canines,  premolars and first molar tooth. C //
 * 324.6|Superior dental plexus; Plexus dentalis superior| Nerve plexus in the bone above the roots of the  teeth formed by the superior alveolar rami. C//
 * 324.7|Superior dental branches; Rami dentales superiores| Branches to the individual roots of the  teeth. C //
 * 324.8|Superior gingival branches; Rami gingivales superiores| Rami to the gingiva. C //
 * 324.9|Inferior palpebral  branches;   Rami  palpebrales inferiores| Rami given off to the lower eyelid outside of the infraorbital foramen. C //
 * 324.10|External nasal  branches;  Rami nasales externi| Branches to the outside of the nasal ala. C //
 * 324.11|Internal nasal branches; Rami nasales interni| Branches to the skin of the nasal vestibule. C//
 * 324.12|Superior labial branches; Rami labiales superiores| Rami to the skin and mucosa of the upper lip. C //
 * 324.13|Mandibular nerve; Nervus mandibularis| Third division (branch) of the trigeminal nerve. It passes  through the foramen ovale and into the infratemporal  fossa.  Besides  sensory  fibers,  it  contains  motor  fibers  for  the  masticatory  muscles. A //
 * 324.14|Meningeal branch (nervus spinosus); Ramus meningeus (n| spinosus). It passes through the foramen  spinosum  accompanied  by  both branches of the middle meningeal artery and supplies the dura, a part of the sphenoidal sinus and the mastoid air cells. A //.
 * 324.15|Masseteric nerve;   Nervus  massetericus|  Motor nerve for the masseter muscle passing above the lateral pterygoid muscle and through the mandibular notch. A //
 * 324.16|Deep temporal nerves; Nervi|. Motor nerves passing to the temporalis muscle from below. A //.
 * 324.17|Nerve to  lateral  pterygoid;  Nervus  pterygoideus lateralis|  Motor  nerve  for  the  corresponding muscle. It frequently arises together with the buccal nerve. A //.
 * 324.18|Nerve to medial pterygoid; Nervus pterygoideus medialis| Motor nerve for the corresponding  muscle. It also sends small twigs to the tensor  veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. A //.
 * 324.19|Otic ganglion; Ganglion oticum| Parasympathetic ganglion located medial to the mandibular nerve below the foramen ovale. It receives tributaries from the glossopharyngeal nerve via the lesser petrosal nerve and sends secretory fibers to the parotid gland. B //.
 * 324.20|Ramus communicans  [cum  nervo  pterygoideo mediali]; | Branch which communicates  with the nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle.  B //
 * 324.21|Nerve to  tensor  veli  palatini  muscle;   Nervus musculi  tensoris  veli  palatini|  It  sometimes  arises from the nerve to the medial pterygoid  muscle. B //
 * 324.22|Nerve to tensor tympani muscle; Nervus musculi tensoris tympani| It also sometimes arises from the nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle. B  //
 * 324.23|Buccal nerve; Nervus buccalis| Sensory nerve for the skin and mucosa of the cheek and the buccal gingiva in the region of the first molar. A //
 * 324.24|Auriculotemporal  nerve;    Nervus   auriculotemporalis| It usually encircles the middle meningeal artery, sends a small branch to the temporomandibular joint and then passes upward between the ear and superficial temporal artery to the skin of the temporal region. A //
 * 324.25|Nerve to external acoustic meatus; Nervus meatus acustici externi| Usually two small branches for the skin of the external acoustic meatus. A//
 * 324.26|Fine branches to the tympanic membrane; Rami membranae tympani| A //.
 * 324.27|Parotid branches;   Rami  parotidei|  Small branches supplying the parotid gland. A  //
 * 324.28|Branches communicating  with  the  facial nerve;  Rami communicantes [cum n| faciali].  They carry parasympathetic fibers from the otic  ganglion  to  the  parotid  gland  via  the  facial  nerve. A //.
 * 324.29|Anterior auricular  nerves; Nervi|. They supply the anterior surface of the pinna. A //.
 * 324.30|Superficial temporal rami; Rami temporales superficialis| Branches supplying the skin of the  temporal region in front of and above the ear. A   P 326  //
 * 326.1|Lingual nerve; Nervus lingualis| A branch of the mandibular nerve that arches anteriorly between the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles  to the floor of the mouth where it lies near a  wisdom tooth directly below the mucosa. A B C //
 * 326.2|Branches to  isthmus  of  the  fauces;  Rami isthmi   faucium  (rami   fauciales)|   It   also branches to the tonsils. A //
 * 326.3|Communicating rami  to  the  hypoglosal nerve;  Rami communicantes [cum n| hypoglosso]. It lies on the hyoglossus muscle. A //.
 * 326.4|Communicating ramus to the chorda tympani nerve; Ramus communicans [cum chorda tympani]| A //.
 * 326.5|Sublingual nerve;  Nervus sublingualis| It passes lateral to the sublingual gland into the mucosa of the floor of the mouth and into the gingiva of the anterior mandibular teeth. A //
 * 326.6|Lingual branches; Rami linguales| Numerous rami containing sensory and taste fibers from  the anterior two-thirds of the lingual mucosa. A //
 * 326.7|Ganglionic branches;   Rami  ganglionares| Rami communicating with the submandibular ganglion. A //
 * 326.8|Submandibular ganglion; Ganglion submandibulare| Parasympathetic ganglion above or in front of the submandibular gland. Synaptic station for preganglionic fibers of the chorda tympani with postganglionic fibers for the sublingual and submandibular glands. A //.
 * 326.9|Inferior alveolar nerve; Nervus alveolaris inferior| Largest  branch  of  mandibular  nerve  with  sensory and motor components. It passes 1 cm  behind the lingual nerve and through the mandibular foramen into the mandibular canal. A B  C //.
 * 326.10|Mylohyoid nerve; Nervus mylohyoideus| Coursing in the mylohyoid groove and then below the  mylohyoid muscle, this motor nerve supplies  the mylohyloid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. A B C //
 * 326.11|Inferior dental plexus; Plexus dentalis inferior| Plexus of nerves within the mandibular  canal. B //
 * 326.12|Inferior dental branches; Rami dentales inferiores| Rami for the mandibular teeth. B //
 * 326.13|Inferior gingival branches; Rami gingivales inferiores| Rami for the buccal gingiva of the mandibular teeth (except for the first molar). B //
 * 326.14|Mental nerve; Nervus mentalis| Sensory nerve exiting from the mental foramen below the 2nd premolar tooth. B //
 * 326.15|Mental branches;  Rami mentales| Branches supplying the chin. B //
 * 326.16|Labial branches; Rami labiales| Branches supplying the lower lip. B //
 * 326. 16 a Gingival branches| Rami gingivales; B //|.
 * 326.17|Otic ganglion; Ganglion oticum| Parasympathetic ganglion located medial to the mandibular nerve below the foramen ovale. It communicates with the glossopharyngeal nerve via the lesser petrosal nerve and sends secretory fibers into the parotid gland. C //.
 * 326.18|ABDUCENT NERVE (VI); Nervus abducens [VI]| Sixth cranial nerve. It exits the brain in the angle between the pons and pyramid, penetrates the  dura at the level of the middle of the clivus,  passes laterally into the cavernous sinus and  then through the inferior orbital fissure into  the orbit where it supplies the rectus lateralis  muscle. D   P328 //.
 * 328.1|FACIAL NERVE  (VII);  Nervus facialis (n| intermediofacialis) [VII]. Seventh cranial nerve (nerve of the  2nd  pharyngeal arch). It exits between the pons  and  olive,  passes  with  the  vestibulocochlear  nerve into the petrous temporal bone and leaves  it through the stylomastoid foramen. It supplies  the muscles of facial expression. A B C D //.
 * 328.2|Genu of  facial  nerve;   Geniculum  [n|  facialis]. Bend in the facial nerve just below the anterior wall of the petrous temporal bone. A //.
 * 328.3|Nerve to the stapedius; Nervus stapedius| Slender branch supplying the stapedius muscle. A //
 * 328.4|Communicating branch  of  facial  never  with tympanic  plexus;   Ramus  communicans  [cum plexus tympanico]| A //.
 * 328.5|Communicating branch  of  facial  nerve  with vagus nerve;  Ramus communicans [cum nervo  vago]| Located directly below the stylomastoid  foramen.//
 * 328.6|Posterior auricular nerve; Nervus auricularis posterior| Ramifies beneath the stylomastoid foramen, passes upward between the mastoid process and the external acoustic meatus and supplies the posterior ear muscles and the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle. B //
 * 328.7|Occipital branch; Ramus occipitalis| Ramus supplying the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle. B //
 * 328.8|Auricular branch; Ramus auricularis| Branch to the muscles of the pinna. B //
 * 328.9|Digastric branch; Ramus digastricus| It supplies the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. A B //
 * 328.10|Stylohyoid  branch;    Ramus   stylohyoideus| Branch that often arises together with the lingual branch. It supplies the stylohyoid muscle. A //.
 * 328.11|Communicating branch of facial nerve with glossopharyngeal nerve; Ramus communicans [cum n| glossopharyngeo]. A //
 * 328.12|Intraparotid plexus; Plexus intraparotideus| Facial nerve plexus situated in the space accessible anteriorly between the two parotid lobes. B //
 * 328.13|Temporal branches; Rami temporales| Rami ascending over the zygomatic arch to the muscles of facial expression above the palpebral fissure and along the ear. B //
 * 328.14|Zygomatic branches;   Rami  zygomatici|  Rami supplying the lateral part of the orbicularis oculi and the muscles of facial expression between the palpebral and oral fissures. B //
 * 328.15|Buccal branches; Rami buccales| Rami supplying the buccinator muscle and the muscles of facial expression around the mouth. B //
 * 328.16|Lingual branch;   Ramus  lingualis|  Inconstant ramus to the tongue. It sometimes arises in together with the stylohyoid ramus. //.
 * 328.17|Marginal mandibular branch; Ramus marginalis mandibularis| It passes to the chin and supplies  the muscles of facial expression below the oral  fissure. B //
 * 328.18|Cervical branch; Ramus colli (cervicalis)| Motor branch for the platysma. It anastomoses with the transverse cervical nerve. B //.
 * 328.19|Sensory root of facial nerve; Nervus intermedius| It arises  from  the  brainstem  independently  between the facial and vestibular nerves and transports autonomic and taste fibers. After anastomosing with various vessels, it ultimately unites  with the facial nerve in the petrous part of the  temporal bone. D //.
 * 328.20|Geniculate (facial) ganglion; Ganglion geniculi (geniculatum)| Equivalent to a spinal ganglion with pseudo-unipolar ganglion cells. It is located in the petrous part of the temporal bone at the bend of the facial nerve. It receives taste fibers from the chorda tympani. A //
 * 328.21|Chorda tympani; | Nerve bundle with parasympathetic fibers for the submandibular gland and sensory fibers from the taste buds occupying the  anterior two-thirds of the tongue. It returns to the  tympanic cavity where it passes between the malleus and incus, then goes through the petrotympanic fissure [[Glaser] or sphenopetrosal fissure to  subsequently join the lingual nerve. A //.
 * 328.22|Pterygopalatine ganglion;   Ganglion  pterygopalatinum| Parasympathetic ganglion located in  its respective fossa near the sphenopalatine foramen. It receives preganglionic fibers from the facial nerve via the greater petrosal nerve and sends  postganglionic secretory fibers to the lacrimal and  nasal glands. C //.
 * 328.23|Nerve of pterygoid canal; Nervus canalis pterygoidei [Radix facialis]| Located in the pterygoid canal at  the root of the pterygoid process. It contains parasympathetic (facial  nerve),  sympathetic  and  sensory fibers destined for the pterygopalatine  ganglion. C //.
 * 328.24|Greater petrosal nerve; Nervus petrosus major| Branch of facial nerve emerging from the anterior wall of the petrous part of the temporal bone. It incorporates parasympathetic and sensory fibers, and penetrates the covering plate of the foramen lacerum lateral to the internal carotid artery where it is joined by the deep petrosal nerve. A C //.
 * 328.25|Deep petrosal nerve; Nervus petrosus profundus| Nerve carrying  sympathetic  fibers  from  the  internal carotid plexus; it joins the greater petrosal nerve to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal. C //
 * 328.26|Submandibular ganglion;   Ganglion  submandibulare| Located above or in front of the submandibular gland. This parasympathetic ganglion is  the synaptic site between preganglionic fibers  from  the  chorda  tympani  and  postganglionic  fibers  to  the  sublingual  and  submandibular  glands. C //.
 * 328.27|Sympathetic branch (to the submandibular ganglion); Ramus sympatheticus (ad ganglion  submandibulare)|  Branch  from  the  internal  carotid plexus. Its fibers arrive at the submandibular  ganglion  above  the  facial  artery  and  pass  through the ganglion without synapsing. C //.
 * 328.28|Glandular branches;  Rami glandulares| Small rami at the inferior margin of the submandibular  .ganglion that supply the submandibular gland. C //.
 * 328.29|Sublingual ganglion;  [Ganglion  sublinguale]| Small group of cells occasionally present on the glandular rami. C //
 * 330.1|VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE (VIII); Nervus vestibulocochlearis [VIII]| Eighth cranial nerve. Nerve that  exits at the lower margin of the pons and passes  through the internal acoustic meatus to the vestibular (equilibrium) and auditory organs. A //.
 * 330.2|Vestibular nerve; Nervusvestibularis|Superior,ventral, vestibular portion of vestibulocochlear nerve. A //
 * 330.3|Cochlear nerve; Nervus cochlearis| Inferior, dorsal, cochlear part of vestibulocochlear nerve. A //
 * 330.4|Vestibular nerve; Nervus vestibularis| Portion of VIII nerve passing from the vestibular nucleus to the maculae and ampullary crest. A //
 * 330.5|Vestibular ganglion; Ganglion vestibulare| Ganglion located in the floor of the internal acoustic meatus. It contains bipolar neurons associated with the vestibular nerve. A //.
 * 330.6|Communicating branch with cochlear nerve; Ramus communicans cochlearis|//.
 * 330.7|Upper part of vestibular ganglion; Pars superior| It supplies the anterior and lateral semicircular canals, utricle and anterior part of saccule. A //
 * 330.8|Utriculoampullar nerve; Nervus utriculoampullaris| Superior branch of vestibular nerve with fibers from the macuala and ampullary crest of the superior (anterior) and lateral semicircular canals. A //
 * 330.9|Utricular nerve; Nervus utricularis| Branch from the macula utriculi. A //
 * 330.10|Anterior ampullar nerve; Nervus ampullaris anterior| Branch from the ampullary crest of the anterior semicircular canal. A //
 * 330.11|Lateral ampullar nerve; Nervus ampullaris lateralis| Branch from the ampullary crest of the lateral semicircular canal. A //
 * 330.12|Inferior part of the vestibular ganglion; Pars inferior|  It  supplies  the  posterior  semicircular canal and a part of the sacculus. A //
 * 330.13|Posterior ampullar nerve; Nervus ampullaris posterior| Branch from the ampullary crest of the posterior semicircular canal. A //
 * 330.14|Saccular nerve; Nervus saccularis| Branch from the macula sacculi. A //
 * 330.15|Cochlear nerve; Nervus cochlearis| Part of the vestibulocochlear nerve for the auditory organ in the cochlea. A //
 * 330.16|Cochlear (spiral) ganglion; Ganglion cochleare (spiral cochleae)| Helical band of ganglion cells directed towards the axis of the cochlea and situated along the base of the osseous spiral lamina. A //
 * 330.17|GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE (IX); Nervus glossopharyngeus [IX]| Ninth cranial nerve (nerve of the 3rd  pharyngeal arch). It leaves the brain through the  posterolateral sulcus behind the olive, courses  through the jugular foramen and passes obliquely  downward  posterior  to  the  stylopharyngeus  muscle. It contains motor fibers for the pharyngeal constrictors and stylopharyngeus muscle and  sensory fibers for the pharyngeal mucosa, tonsils  and posterior third of the tongue (taste fibers) and  parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion via the  tympanic and lesser petrosal nerves. B //
 * 330.18|Superior (jugular) ganglion; Ganglion superius intracraniale| Smaller ganglion in the jugular  foramen. It contains cell bodies of afferent fibers. B  C //.
 * 330.19|Inferior (petrous) ganglion;   Ganglion  inferius extracraniale| Larger ganglion situated directly below the jugular foramen. It contains cell bodies of afferent fibers. B C //.
 * 330.20|Tympanic nerve; Nervus tympanicus| First branch of the IX nerve. It branches off from the inferior ganglion and passes between the jugular foramen and carotid canal, then through the tympanic canaliculus to the tympanic cavity. C //.
 * 330.21|Tympanic  englargement(ganglion);    Intumescentia tympanica (ganglion tympanicum)|  Irregularly scattered ganglion cells forming a dilatation in the course of the tympanic nerve. C//
 * 330.22|Tympanic plexus; Plexus tympanicus| Nervus plexus in the mucosa over the promontory. It is formed by  the tympanic n., internal carotid plexus and communicating ramus of the facial n. with the tympanic plexus. C //.
 * 330.23|Tubal branch of tympanic plexus; Ramus tubarius (tubalis)| Ramus for the auditory tube. C //
 * 330.24|Caroticotympanic nerves; Nervi|. Sympathetic fibers of the tympanic plexus derived from the internal carotid plexus. C //.
 * 330.25|Communicating branch of glossopharyngeal nerve with auricular branch of the vagus nerve; Ramus communicans [cum ramo auriculari nervi vagi]| Fine branch from the inferior ganglion to the auricular ramus of the vagus. B //
 * 330.26|Pharyngeal branches of IX nerve; Rami pharyngeales (pharyngei)| Three to four rami passing into the pharyngeal plexus. B //
 * 330.27|Ramus to stylopharyngeus muscle; Ramus m| stylopharyngei. B //
 * 330.28|Branch to carotid sinus; Ramus sinus carotici| It also passes to the carotid body and communicates with the sympathetic trunk and vagus nerve. B //
 * 330.29|Tonsillar branches; Rami tonsillares| Branches supplying the mucosa of the palatine tonsil and its surroundings. B //
 * 330.30|Lingual branches; Rami linguales| Taste fibers from the posterior third of the tongue including the valate papillae which are also supplied by the lingual nerve via the chorda tympani. B //
 * 330.31|Otic ganglion; Ganglion oticum| Parasympathetic ganglion located medial to the mandibular nerve below the foramen ovale. It receives preganglionic fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve via the lesser petrosal nerve and sends postganglionic secretory fibers to the parotid gland. D //.
 * 330.32|Lesser petrosal nerve; Nervus petrosus minor| Nerve containing parasympathetic fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve. It emerges from the tympanic plexus, penetrates the anterior wall of the petrous temporal bone and leaves the middle cranial fossa through the sphenopetrosal fissure. Its fibers synapse in the otic ganglion. C D //
 * 330.33|Communicating branch with the meningeal branch;  Ramus  communicans  [cum   ramo  meningeo]| D //.
 * 330.34|Communicating branch  with  auriculo-temporal  nerve;   Ramus  communicans  [cum  n.  auriculotemporali]]|  It  includes  postganglionic  parasympathetic fibers that supply the parotid  gland. D //
 * 330.35|Communicating branch with chorda tympani; Ramus communicans [cum chorda tympani]| It contains sensory nerve fibers. D //
 * 332.1|VAGUS NERVE (X); Nervus vagus [X]| Tenth cranial nerve (nerve of 4th and 5th pharyngeal arches). Together with  the  IX  nerve,  it  exits  the  brain  in  the poserolateral sulcus and passes through the jugular foramen. Its supply region extends into the thoracic and abdominal cavities. A //
 * 332.2| Ganglion superius; | Small superior sensory ganglion of vagus situated in the jugular foramen. A //
 * 332.3|Inferior (nodose) ganglion;  Ganglion inferius|  Large  inferior,  spindle-shaped  ganglion  of  the  vagus nerve. A //
 * 332.4|Meningeal branch; Ramusmeningeus|Recurrent branch from the superior ganglion supplying the dura of the posterior cranial fossa in the region of the transverse and occipital sinuses. A //
 * 332.5|Auricular branch; Ramusauricularis|Branchthat  arises from the superior ganglion of the vagus  nerve, passes through the mastoid canal, exits  through the tympanomastoid fissure and supplies  the posterior surface of the pinna and the posterioinferior wall of the external acoustic meatus. A //
 * 332.6| Communicating branch with IX nerve; Ramus  communicans [cum| n. glossopharyngeo]. Anastomotic branch from the auricular ramus to the glossopharyngeal nerve. A //
 * 332.7| Pharyngeal   branch;    Ramus   pharyngealis  (pharyngei)| Branch radiating into the pharyngeal  plexus. A //
 * 332.8| Pharyngeal plexus; Plexus pharyngealis| Nerve plexus below the middle pharyngeal constrictor formed by the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and the cervical sympathetic trunk. A //
 * 332.9|Superior cervical cardiac branches; Rami cardiaci cervicales superiores| Branches given off at variably high cervical levels; they travel to the deep part of the cardiac plexus. A //
 * 332.10| Superior laryngeal nerve; Nervus laryngealis superior| Nerve that arises from the inferior ganglion and passes downward medial to the internal carotid artery to supply the larynx. A //
 * 332.11| External branch of superior laryngeal nerve (external  laryngeal  nerve);  Ramus externus|  Nerve that branches to the inferior pharyngeal  constrictor and then, covered by the infrahyoid  musculature, passes to the cricothyroid muscle.  A //
 * 332.12| Internal branch  (internal  laryngeal  nerve);  Ramus  internus|  Together  with  the  superior  laryngeal  artery,  it  penetrates  the  thyrohyoid  membrane and emerges below the mucosa of the  piriform recess. It supplies the mucosae of the  epiglottic  valleculae,  the  epiglottis  and  the  larynx as far down as the level of the vocal folds.  A //.
 * 332.13| Branch communicating with the recurrent laryngeal nerve;  Ramus communicans [cum| n. laryngeali  recurrenti]. A //.
 * 332.14|h Inferior cervical cardiac branches; Rami cardiaci  cervicales inferiores| On the right, they pass to  the deep part of the cardiac plexus; on the left,  they pass to the superficial part of the cardiac  plexus accompanied by the vagus nerve. A //
 * 332.15|Recurrent laryngeal nerve; Nervus laryngealis recurrens| On the right, it loops around the subclavian  artery whereas, on the left, it curves around the  arch of the aorta before ascending in the groove  between the trachea and esophagus. Its terminal  branch penetrates the inferior pharyngeal constrictor and enters the larynx, where it supplies  the mucosa up to the vocal folds and all intrinsic  laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid. It also  provides a communicating branch to the internal  laryngeal nerve. A //
 * 332.16|Tracheal branches; Rami tracheales| A //.
 * 332.17|Esophageal branches; Rami oesophageales| A //.
 * 332. 17 a|Rami pharyngeales; Pharyngeal branches to the inferior pharyngeal constrictor|//.
 * 332.18|Inferior laryngeal  nerve;  Nervus  laryngeus  inferior| Term sometimes used to denote the terminal  branch  of  the  recurrent  laryngeal  nerve,  which  supplies  the  intrinsic  muscles  of  the  larynx  except  the  cricothyoid  and  projects  a  communicating branch to the internal laryngeal  nerve. A //
 * 332.19|R; communicans [cum ramo laryngeo interno| Communicating  branch  of  the  inferior  (recurrent) laryngeal nerve to the internal laryngeal  nerve. A //
 * 332.20|Thoracic  cardiac   branches;    Rami   cardiaci thoracici| Rami to the thoracic inlet. A //
 * 332.21|Bronchial branches;   Rami  bronchiales|  Rami projected to the hilum of the lung below the recurrent laryngeal nerve. A //
 * 332.22|Pulmonary plexus;   Plexus  pulmonalis|  Nerve plexus  located  anterior  and  posterior  to  the hilum of the lung for innervation of bronchi, vessels and visceral pleura. A //
 * 332.23|Esophageal plexus; Plexus oesophagealis| Nerve plexus around the esophagus formed directly by the two vagus nerves and superiorly also by the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. A //
 * 332.24|Anterior vagal trunk; Truncus vagalis anterior| Weak  anterior  plexus  emerging  from  the  esophageal plexus and containing fibers from the  both vagi. A //
 * 332.25|Posterior vagal trunk; Truncus vagalis posterior| Better developed posterior nerve plexus arising from the esophageal plexus and containing fibers from both vagi. A //
 * 332.26|Anterior gastric branches; Rami gastrici anteriores|  Rami  extending  from  the  anterior  vagal trunk to the anterior surface of the stomach. A//
 * 332.27|Posterior gastric branches; Rami gastrici posteriores| Rami extending from the posterior vagal trunk to the posterior surface of the stomach. A//
 * 332.28|Hepatic branches; Rami hepatici| Rami to the hilum of the liver. A //
 * 332.29|Celiac branches; Rami coeliaci| Rami to the celiac plexus. A //
 * 332.30|Renal branches; Rami renales| Rami to the renal plexus. A //
 * 332.31|ACCESSORY NERVE  (XI);   Nervus  accessorius  [XI]| Eleventh cranial nerve. Its two roots unite in the skull and pass through the jugular foramen together with the IX and X nerves. B //.
 * 332.32|Cranial roots  (vagal  part);   Radices  craniales (pars vagalis)| Fibers from the nucleus ambiguus which leave the accessory nerve in the jugular foramen and join the vagus nerve. B //
 * 332.33|Spinal roots (spinal part); Radices spinales (pars spinalis)| They arise from the base of the anterior horn of the cervical spinal cord (C1−6) and form a trunk  which  ascends  into  the  subarachnoid space of the skull where it unites temporarily with fibers from the cranial roots. B //
 * 332.34|Accessory nerve trunk; Truncus nervi accessorii| It is formed by the union of both roots. B//
 * 332.35|Internal branch; Ramus internus| Fiber tract associated with the vagus nerve and formed by the  united cranial roots of the accessory nerve. B //
 * 332.36|External branch; Ramus externus| United spinal root fibers of the accessory nerve. They supply  the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.  B //.
 * 332.37|Muscular branches; Rami  musculares|  Branches supplying the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. B //
 * 334.1|HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE  (XII);   Nervus  hypoglossus [XII]| Twelfth cranial nerve. Formed by numerous roots emerging from the brain between the pyramid and olive. It passes through the hypoglossal canal and descends between the internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery. At  .the level of the angle of the mandible it then proceeds anteriorly above the posterior margin of the floor of the mouth to enter the tongue. B//
 * 334.2|Lingual branches; Rami linguales| Rami beginning lateral to the hyoglossus muscle and supplying the styloglossus, hyoglossus and genioglossus muscles as well as the intrinsic muscles  of the tongue. B //
 * 334.3|SPINAL NERVES;   Nervi  spinales|  They  are formed by two roots and, in contrast to the cranial nerves, they exit through the intervertebral foramina. A C //
 * 334.4|Root filaments; Fila radicularia| Fine root fibers emerging from the spinal cord within the anterior and posterior roots of the individual spinal  nerves. A //
 * 334.5|Anterior (ventral) root; Radix anterior (motoria)| Motor root. A //
 * 334.6|Posterior (dorsal) root; Radix posterior (sensoria)| Sensory root. A //
 * 334.7|Spinal (dorsal root) ganglion; Ganglion spinale (sensorium)|  Ganglion  situated  in  the  intervertebral foramen, composed of pseudo-unipolar cells. It lies in the posterior root just in  .front of the site where it joins the anterior root. A//
 * 334.8|Spinal nerve  trunk;   Truncus  nervi  spinalis| Segment between the union of the two roots and the first branch of the spinal nerve. A C//
 * 334.9|Anterior (ventral) branch;   Ramus  anterior| Larger anterior branch of a spinal nerve. It communicates with adjacent anterior rami to form large plexuses. In the thoracic region it be.comes continuous with an intercostal nerve. A//.
 * 334.10|Posterior (dorsal) branch;   Ramus  posterior| Weaker branch supplying the skin of the back and autochthonous back muscles. A //
 * 334.11|Rami    communicantes; | Communicating branches connecting the spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk. A //
 * 334.11 a|Gray communicating ramus; Ramus griseus| Postganglionic part. A //
 * 334. 11 b|White communicating ramus; Ramus albus| Preganglionic part. A //
 * 334.12|Meningeal branch;   Ramus  meningeus|  Delicate, recurrent ramus. It passes in front of the  spinal  nerve  to  re-enter  the  vertebral  canal  through the intervertebral foramen and supply  the meninges of the spinal cord, where it unites  with other meningeal rami to form a plexus. It  contains sensory and sympathetic fibers. A //
 * 334.13|Cauda equina; | Collection of all spinal nerve roots extending from L1−2 caudally in addition to the filum terminale. C //
 * 334.14|CERVICAL NERVES; Nervi cervicales| Eight spinal nerves emerging from the cervical spinal  cord. B //
 * 334.15|Posterior (dorsal) branches; Rami posteriores| Posterior  branches  of  the  spinal  nerve  that supply the nuchal muscles and the skin lateral to the nuchal region and near the occiput. A//
 * 334.16|Medial branch of posterior ramus; Ramus medialis| Branch with motor and sensory fibers supplying the muscles and skin. A //
 * 334.17|Lateral branch of posterior ramus; Ramus lateralis| Purely motor branch passing obliquely laterad into the muscles. A //
 * 334.18|Suboccipital nerve; Nervus suboccipitalis| Posterior branch of the first cervical spinal nerve. It exits between the vertebral artery and posterior arch of the atlas and supplies the short muscles of the neck. D //.
 * 334.19|Greater occipital nerve; Nervus occipitalis major| Posterior branch of the second cervical spinal nerve. It emerges between the axis and obliquus  capitis  inferior  muscle,  pierces  the trapezius and supplies the nuchal muscles and skin of the occipital region. D //.
 * 334.20|Third occipital  nerve;  Nervus occipitalis tertius| Posterior branch of the third cervical spinal nerve. It supplies the skin of the nuchal region close to the midline. D //.
 * 334.21|Anterior (ventral) branches; Rami anteriores| Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves. They form the cervical and brachial plexuses. A //.
 * 334.22|Cervical plexus; Plexus cervicalis| Nerve plexus formed by the anterior rami of spinal nerves  C1−4. They supply the skin and muscles of the  neck.//.
 * 334.23|Nerve loop from C1−3; Ansa cervicalis [hypoglossi]| A nerve loop in the neck (C1-C3) that supplies the infrahyoid muscles. B //
 * 334.24|Anterior (ventral) root; Radix anterior| The anterior root, part of which supplies the geniohyoid and thyrohyoid muscles via the hypoglossal nerve. B //
 * 334.25|Posterior (dorsal) root; Radix posterior| Posterior root. B //
 * 334.26|Thyrohyoid branch of the ansa cervicalis; Ramus  thyrohyoideus|  Branch  supplying  the thyrohyoid muscle. B //
 * 334.27|Lesser occipital  nerve;   Nervus  occipitalis  minor| Uppermost cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus. It passes upward at the posterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid and, at the occiput,  ramifies  as  a  lateral  communicating nerve of the greater occipital nerve. D //.
 * 334.28|Great auricular nerve; Nervus auricularis magnus| It courses to the ear, thereby crossing the sternocleidomastoid  vertically  somewhat  above  its  middle. D //
 * 334.29|Posterior (dorsal) branch; Ramus posterior| It supplies the skin of the posterior surface of the pinna and the adjacent area. D //
 * 334.30|Anterior (ventral) ramus; Ramus anterior| It supplies the skin of the anterior surface of the ear up to the angle of the mandible. D//
 * 336.1|Transverse cervical (colli) nerve; Nervus transversus colli| Arises from C3 and is the third nerve occupying the “nerve point” at the posterior margin of the middle third of the sternocleidomastoid muscle  where  it  turns  anteriorly  and  passes beneath the platysma to supply the skin. It receives motor fibers for the platysma from the cervical branch of the facial nerve. B //.
 * 336.2|Superior branches; Rami superiores| They ascend to the suprahyoid region. B //
 * 336.3|Inferior branches;   Rami inferiores| They descend to the infrahyoid region. B //
 * 336.4|Supraclavicular nerves; Nervi|. Cutaneous branches from C3−4. They spread out fanlike to the shoulder and clavicular regions. B//
 * 336.5|Medial supraclavicular  nerves; Nervi|. They pass over the middle  third of the clavicle and supply the skin of the  neck in this region and the thorax as far as the  sternal angle, as well as the sternoclavicular joint.  B //.
 * 336.6|Intermediate supraclavicular nerves; Nervi|.  They   descend  beneath the platysma and over the middle third  of the clavicle to supply the skin up to the 4th rib.  B //.
 * 336.7|Lateral (posterior)  supraclavicular  nerves; Nervi|.  Posterior group of nerves supplying the skin over  the acromion, deltoid muscle and the acromioclavicular joint. B //.
 * 336.8|Phrenic nerve; Nervus phrenicus| It arises from C4 with additional rami from C3 and C5, extends on  the  scalenus  anterior  muscle,  then  passes  through  the  middle  mediastinum  to  the  diaphragm. Some of its fibers extend further into the  peritoneum. A C //.
 * 336.9|Pericardial  branch;    Ramus   pericardiacus| Slender branch to the anterior surface of the pericardium. A //
 * 336.10|Phrenicoabdominal branches;   Rami  phrenicoabdominales| Fibers supplying the peritoneum  up to the gallbladder and pancreas. On the right  side they pass through the foramen for the vena  cava, on the left side further anteriorly through  the diaphragm near the left margin of the heart. A //.
 * 336.11|Accessory phrenic nerves; Nervi|. Frequent additional roots of the phrenic nerve from C5 and C6 via the nerve to the subclavius. A C //.
 * 336.12|BRACHIAL PLEXUS;   Plexus  brachialis|  Nerve plexus  formed  by  the  anterior  rami  of  spinal  nerves C5−T1. Supplying the arm and part of the  shoulder girdle, it passes between the scalenus  anterior and medius extending as far as the head  of the humerus. C //.
 * 336. 12 a|Nerve roots; Radices| //.
 * 336.13|Trunks; Trunci| Three primary trunks make up the brachial plexus and each is usually formed from one or two anterior rami of spinal nerves. //
 * 336.14|Upper trunk; Truncus superior| Formed by the union of C5 and C6 spinal nerves, it generally arises lateral to the scalenus gap. C //
 * 336.15|Middle trunk; Truncus medius| A continuation of C7 spinal nerve itself. C //
 * 336.16|Lower trunk; Truncus inferior| Formed by the union of C8 and T1 spinal nerves; it lies within the scalenus gap posterior to the subclavian artery. C //
 * 336.17|Anterior divisions;   Divisiones  anteriores|  Portions of brachial plexus formed by the anterior branches of the three trunks. They supply the flexor muscles.//.
 * 336.18|Posterior divisions; Divisiones posteriores| Portions of brachial plexus formed by the posterior branches of the three trunks. They unite to form the  .posterior cord and supply the extensor muscles. //
 * 336. 18 a Cords| Fasciculi; | Three nerve bundles formed by the union of branches (anterior and/or posterior) from the three trunks.//
 * 336.19|SUPRACLAVICULAR PART; Pars supraclavicularis| Part of brachial plexus extending up to the superior margin of the clavicle. C //
 * 336.20|Dorsal scapular  nerve;   Nervus  dorsalis  scapulae| Nerve that arises from C5 directly lateral to the  intervertebral foramen, penetrates the scalenus  medius  and  then  courses  below  the  levator  scapulae and the two rhomboid muscles, which it  innervates. C //
 * 336.21|Long thoracic nerve; Nervus thoracicus longus| Nerve that arises from C5−7, penetrates the scalenus medius  and  travels  on  the  serratus  anterior, which it supplies. C //
 * 336.22|Nerve to subclavius; Nervus subclavius| Slender nerve from the upper trunk with fibers from C4−6 for the  subclavius  muscle.  It  frequently  sends  a branch (11) to the phrenic nerve. C //.
 * 336.23|Suprascapular nerve; Nervus suprascapularis| Nerve that arises from C5−6, passes over the brachial plexus to the scapular notch and then goes under the superior transverse ligament of the scapula to  .innervate the supra- and infraspinatus muscles. C //.
 * 336.24|INFRACLAVICULAR PART;  Pars infraclaviculares| Portion of brachial plexus below the clavicle. It  extends from the upper margin of the clavicle to  the level where the cords divide into the individual nerves. C //.
 * 336.25|Lateral cord; Fasciculus lateralis| Located lateral to the axillary artery, it is formed by the union of the anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks, thus from C5−7. C //
 * 336.26|Medial cord; Fasciculus medialis| Cord located medial to the axillary artery. It is formed solely by the anterior division of the lower trunk, thus from C8−T1. C //.
 * 336.27|Posterior cord; Fasciculus posterior| Cord located posterior to the axillary artery; it is formed by the union  of  the  posterior  divisions  of  all  three trunks, thus from C5−T1. C //
 * 336.28|Medial pectoral nerve; Nervus pectoralis medialis| Nerve formed by fibers from the medial cord, thus from C8−T1. It supplies the pectoralis major and minor muscles. C //.
 * 336.29|Lateral pectoral  nerve;   Nervus  pectoralis  lateralis| Fibers from C5−7 that supply the two pectoral muscles. C //
 * 338.1|Musculocutaneous  nerve;    Nervus   musculocutaneus| Nerve that arises from the lateral cord  (C5−7),  penetrates  the  coracobrachialis  and  supplies it as well as the biceps and brachialis  muscles. It ends as the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. A //.
 * 338.2|Muscular   branches;     Rami    musculares| Branches to the coracobrachialis, biceps and brachialis muscles. A //
 * 338.3|Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus antebrachii lateralis| Terminal branch of musculocutaneous nerve. It penetrates the fascia at the bend of the elbow and supplies the skin of the lateral forearm. A //.
 * 338.4|Medial brachial cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus brachii medialis| Nerve that arises from the medial cord (C8, T1) and supplies the skin of the medial upper arm together with the intercostobrachial nerve. A //
 * 338.5|Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus antebrachii medialis| Nerve that arises from the medial cord (C8, T1) and penetrates the fascia at about the middle of the upper arm and accompanies the basilic vein. It supplies the skin on the medial side of both the distal upper arm and the forearm. A //.
 * 338.6|Anterior branch; Ramus anterior| It supplies the medial flexor side of the forearm. A //
 * 338.7|Posterior (ulnar) branch; Ramus posterior ulnaris| It supplies the medial upper 2/3 of the posterior aspect of the forearm. A B //
 * 338.8|Median nerve; Nervus medianus| Nerve formed by the union of medial and lateral roots from the medial and lateral cords (C6−T1). A //
 * 338.9|Medial root; Radix medialis| Part of the median nerve coming from the medial cord with fibers from C8 and T1. A //
 * 338.10|Lateral root; Radix lateralis| Part of the median nerve arising from the lateral cord with fibers from C6−7. A //
 * 338.11|Anterior interosseous nerve of forearm; Nervus interosseus  (antebrachii)  anterior|  Nerve  that arises from the bend of the elbow from the posterior side of the median nerve, runs on the interosseous  membrane  and  supplies  the radiocarpal joint, intercarpal joints, flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus (radial part) and pronator quadratus. A //
 * 338.12|Muscular   branches;     Rami    musculares| Branches that supply the pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles. A //
 * 338.13|Palmar branch of median nerve; Ramus palmaris n| mediani. Nerve that arises in the distal third of the forearm and supplies the skin of the lateral palm. A //.
 * 338.14|Communicating branch to the ulnar nerve; Ramus communicans [cum nervo ulnari]| A //.
 * 338.15|Common digital  nerves; Nervi|. Nerves that run in the spaces between the first four fingers and then divide. A //.
 * 338.16|Proper palmar digital nerves; Nervi|. Terminal branches of common palmar digital nerves. They supply the palmar aspect of the skin of the radial 31/2 fingers and dorsal aspect of the skin of the radial 21/2 distal phalanges. A //
 * 338.17|Ulnar nerve; Nervus ulnaris| Nerve that arises from the medial cord (C8, T1). It initially lies in the medial bicipital groove, breaks through the medial intermuscular septum and then, after passage in the groove for the ulnar nerve, penetrates the flexor carpi ulnaris. C //.
 * 338.18|Muscular branches;   Rami  musculares|  They supply the flexor carpi ulnaris and the ulnar part of the flexor digitorum profundus. C //
 * 338.19|Dorsal branch of ulnar nerve; Ramus dorsalis n| ulnaris. Cutaneous branch passing between the  distal  and  middle  third  of  the  forearm beneath the flexor carpi ulnaris to innervate the dorsum of the hand. B C //.
 * 338.20|Dorsal digital nerves; Nervi|. Individual branches to the little finger, ring finger and the ulnar side of the middle finger. This area of innervation can be displaced by the  radial nerve. B //
 * 338.21|Palmar branch of ulnar nerver; Ramus palmaris nervi ulnaris| Nerve that arises in the distal third of the forearm, penetrates the deep fascia and supplies the skin on the palmar surface of the hand. C //
 * 338.22|Superficial  branch;    Ramus   superficialis| Branch  that  courses  beneath  the  palmar aponeurosis and divides to form the common palmar distal nerves and a fine branch to the palmaris brevis. C //
 * 338.23|Common palmar digital nerves; Nervi|. Usually only one branch which runs in the region between the ring and little fingers. C //.
 * 338.24|Proper palmar digital nerves; Nervi|. Cutaneous nerves to the little finger and the ulnar side of the ring finger. They  also supply the dorsal aspect of the middle and  distal phalanges of the 11/2 ulnar fingers. C //
 * 338.25|Deep branch (of ulnar nerve); Ramus profundus| Branch that curves around the hamulus to supply  the  muscles  of  the  hypothenar  eminence, the interossei, the two ulnar lumbricals, the adductor pollicis and the deep head of the flexor pollicis brevis. C //
 * 340.1|Radial nerve; Nervus radialis| Nerve that originates from the posterior cord (usually with fibers  from C5−T1), takes a spiral course around the  posterior aspect of the humerus while within  the groove for the radial nerve, then proceeds  laterally  between  the  brachialis  and  brachioradialis  as  well  as  both  extensor  carpi  radialis muscles. At the elbow it divides to form  its deep and superficial rami. A B D //.
 * 340.2|Posterior brachial  cutaneous  nerve;   Nervus  cutaneus  brachii  posterior|  Small  cutaneous branch supplying the skin on the extensor side of the upper arm. A //
 * 340.3|Lateral brachial cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus brachii  laterialis  inferior|  Second  cutaneous branch for the lateral and dorsal surfaces of the upper arm below the deltoid muscle. A //
 * 340.4|Posterior antebrachial  cutaneous  nerve;   Nervus cutaneus  antebrachii  posterior|  Cutaneous branch for the field between the lateral and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves. B //
 * 340.5|Muscular branches; Rami musculares| Motor rami to the triceps, anconeus, brachioradialis  and extensor carpi radialis longus muscles. A //
 * 340.6|Deep branch; Ramus profundus| Branch that supplies the extensors of the forearm. It penetrates the supinator, supplying it and all extensors (except the extensor carpi radialis longus) and the abductor pollicis longus. A B //.
 * 340.7|Posterior interosseous nerve of forearm; Nervus interosseus  (antebrachii)  posterior|  Terminal  branch of the deep ramus that lies on the interosseous membrane in the distal third of the  forearm beneath the extensors and extends to  the wrist joint. A //
 * 340.8|Superficial  branch;    Ramus   superficialis| Branch that runs along the brachioradialis together with the radial artery, crosses under its  accompanying muscle and then arrives at the  dorsum of the hand and fingers as a cutaneous  nerve. A B //
 * 340.9|Communicating branch to the ulnar nerve; Ramus communicans ulnaris| It joins the dorsal ramus of the ulnar nerve on the dorsum and the  hand. A //
 * 340.10|Dorsal digital nerves; Nervi|. Terminal rami of the superficial branch passing on the radial and ulnar sides of the extensor  aspect of the lateral 21/2, sometimes also 31/2  fingers. A //.
 * 340.11|Subscapular nerves; Nervi subscapulares| Two to three branches from the brachial plexus (supraclavicular part or posterior cord) supplying  the subscapularis and teres major muscles. D //
 * 340.12|Thoracodorsal  nerve;    Nervus   thoracodorsalis| Longest subscapular nerve with fibers from C6− 8. It courses along the lateral margin of the  scapula and supplies the latissimus dorsi. D //.
 * 340.13|Axillary nerve; Nervus axillaris| Nerve that arises from the posterior cord (C5−6) and passes together with the posterior circumflex humeral artery through the axilla to the teres minor and deltoid muscles. D //
 * 340.14|Muscular branches; Rami musculares| Fibers to the teres minor and deltoid muscles. D //
 * 340.15|Superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus brachii lateralis superior| It supplies the area of the skin located somewhat over the deltoid muscle. D //
 * 340.16|THORACIC NERVES; Nervi|.  Twelve thoracic spinal nerves emerging below thoracic vertebrae 1−12, respectively. C //.
 * 340.17|Posterior branches;   Rami  posteriores|  Rami that pass dorsally through the autochthonous muscles of the back, then divide to form lateral and medial cutaneous branches. C //
 * 340.18|Lateral/medial muscular  branches;   Ramus muscularis lateralis/medialis| C //.
 * 340.19|Posterior cutaneous branch; Ramus cutaneus posterior| C //.
 * 340.20|Anterior branches (intercostal nerves); Rami anteriores (nn| intercostales). Rami forming the  intercostal nerves ventrally in the thoracic region. C //.
 * 340.21|Lateral cutaneous branch (pectoral/abdominal);  Ramus  cutaneus  lateralis  (pectoralis/  abdominalis)| Nerve arising from the middle of  the intercostal nerve. It passes obliquely ventrad and appears between the slips of the serratus anterior muscle and the latissimus dorsi. C //.
 * 340.22|Lateral mammary branches; Rami mammarii laterales| Rami of lateral cutaneous branches arising from T4−6 and passing anteriorly to the mammary region. C //
 * 340.23|Intercostobrachial nerves; Nervi|. Lateral cutaneous rami arising usually from T1, but also from T1−3 and passing to the upper arm. C //.
 * 340.24|Anterior cutaneous branch (pectoral/abdominal);  Ramus  cutaneus  anterior  (pectoralis/  abdominalis)|  Branch  that  emerges  medially  and anteriorly and divides to form medial and  lateral branches. C //
 * 340.25|Medial mammary branches; Rami mammarii mediales| Medial branches from the anterior  cutaneous rami of intercostal nerves 2−4. C //
 * 340.26|Subcostal nerve;   Nervus  subcostalis|  Anterior branch of the 12th thoracic nerve located below the 12th rib.
 * 342.1|LUMBAR NERVES; Nervi|. Five lumbar spinal nerves each emerging below its respective lumbar vertebra. //.
 * 342.2|Posterior branches; Rami  posteriores|  They supply the autochthonous back muscles and the skin overlying them. C //
 * 342.3|Medial branch; Ramus medialis| Weak motor branch in the lumbar region. C //
 * 342.4| Lateral branch; Ramus lateralis| Predominantly sensory. C //
 * 342.5| Superior clunial  (gluteal)  branches;  Rami clunium (gluteales) superiores| Lateral rami of L1−3 supplying the skin up to the greater trochanter (buttock region). B //
 * 342.6| Anterior branches;   Rami  anteriores|  Ventral branches forming the lumbar plexus. C //
 * 342.7| SACRAL NERVES AND COCCYGEAL NERVE; Nervi|. coccygeus. Five sacral and one coccygeal nerve.//
 * 342.8| Posterior branches; Rami posteriores| Sensory and motor rami emerging from the posterior sacral foramina. A B //
 * 342.9| Medial branch; Ramus medialis| It supplies the  multifidus and the skin over the sacrum and  coccyx. A B //
 * 342.10| Lateral branch; Ramus lateralis| Sensory branch  for the skin over the coccyx formed by the union  of sensory fibers from the posterior rami of S1−3.  AB //
 * 342.11| Medial  clunial (gluteal)   nerves;   Rami  clunium (gluteales) mediales| Sensory nerves  from S1−3. They penetrate the gluteus maximus  and supply the skin of the medial, upper gluteal  region. B //.
 * 342.12| Anterior branches; Rami anteriores| They pass through the anterior sacral foramina and form the sacral plexus. A C //
 * 342.13| LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS;  Plexus lumbosacralis|  Collective term for the combined lumbar and  sacral plexuses joined together by fibers from L4  and mutually supplying the lower limb. C //
 * 342.14| LUMBAR PLEXUS;  Plexus lumbalis (lumbaris)| Nerve network formed by spinal nerves L1−4 which lie at the anterior side of the leg.//
 * 342.15|Iliohypogastric nerve;   Nervus  iliohypogastricus|  Nerve that contains sensory and motor fibers  from T12 and L1 for the abdominal muscles. It  traverses the psoas major, then courses between  the transversus abdominis and internal abdominal muscles and pierces the latter medial to the  anterior superior iliac spine. C //.
 * 342.16| Lateral cutaneous  branch;   Ramus  cutaneus  lateralis| It can reach as far as the lateral gluteal  region. C //
 * 342.17| Anterior cutaneous branch; Ramus cutaneus  anterior| It frequently penetrates the aponeurosis of the external oblique just above the superficial inguinal ring and supplies the skin in this  area. C //
 * 342.18|Ilioinguinal nerve; Nervus ilioinguinalis| Nerve arising from L1, possibly also T12. It appears at the  lateral margin of the psoas and courses between  the kidney and quadratus lumborum, then between the transversus abdominis and internal  abdominal oblique (muscular branches) to enter  the inguinal canal. C //.
 * 342.19|Anterior scrotal nerves; Nervi|. Sensory branches to the anterior skin of the scrotum, mons pubis and adjacent skin of the  thigh. C //.
 * 342.20|Anterior labial nerves; Nervi|. Sensory rami to the labium majus, mons pubis and adjacent skin of the thigh. C //.
 * 342.21|Genitofemoral nerve; Nervus genitofemoralis| Nerve that  arises  from  L1−2,  penetrates  the  psoas major and courses on top of it. C //
 * 342.22|Genital branch; Ramus genitalis| Branch that courses through the inguinal canal and supplies the cremaster muscle, skin of scrotum (labium majus) and adjacent skin of the thigh. C //
 * 342.23|Femoral branch; Ramus femoralis| Branch that passes through the vascular lacuna (between  femoral  artery  and  iliopectineal  arch),  then  through the saphenous hiatus to supply the skin  located there. C //
 * 342.24|Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus femoris lateralis| Nerve that arises from L2−3. It appears at the lateral margin of the psoas and courses beneath the iliac fascia and through the lateral part of the muscular lacuna into the thigh, where it proceeds below or above the sartorius to the lateral skin of the thigh. C //.
 * 342.25|Obturator nerve; Nervus obturatorius| Nerve that arises from L2−4. It passes beneath the psoas, behind the internal iliac artery and lateral to the  ureter, then through the obturator canal to the  adductor group and to the medial skin of the  thigh. C //.
 * 342.26|Anterior branch; Ramus anterior| Nerve that courses on top of the adductor brevis and obturator externus muscles and beneath the adductor longus and pectineus muscles. It supplies these and the gracilis muscles. C //.
 * 342.27|Cutaneous branch; Ramus cutaneus| Variable terminal branch which appears between the adductor longus and gracilis muscles and supplies the distal 2/3 of the skin of the thigh. C //
 * 342.28|Posterior branch; Ramus posterior| It pierces the obturator externus and supplies it and the  adductor  magnus  and  brevis.  Via  a  sensory  branch it extends as far as the posterior wall of  the knee joint. C //.
 * 342.29|Muscular branches; Rami musculares| Branches supplying the previously named muscles. C //
 * 342.30|Accessory obturator nerve; Nervus obturatorius accessorius| It frequently arises as an additional obturator nerve from L3−4 to supply the pectineus and hip joint.//
 * 344.1|Femoral nerve; Nervus femoralis| Nerve arising from  L2−4. It appears at the lateral margin of the psoas  and  runs  between  the  iliac  and  psoas  major  muscles to pass through the muscular lacuna. A//.
 * 344.2| Muscular branches;  Rami musculares| Branches  to  the  sartorius,  pectineus  and  quadriceps  femoris muscles. A //
 * 344.3| Anterior cutaneous  branches;  Rami  cutanei  anteriores| Main branches for the distal 3/4 of the  anterior surface of the thigh up to the patella. A  //
 * 344.4|Saphenous nerve; Nervus saphenus| Longest, purely  sensory ramus of the femoral nerve. It begins in  the femoral triangle, passes beneath the ”vastoadductor membrane”, which it pierces, arrives  beneath  the  skin  between  the  sartorius  and  gracilis  muscles  and,  together  with  the  great  saphenous vein, proceeds as far as the medial  side of the foot. A //.
 * 344.5| Infrapatellar branch; Ramus infrapatellaris| It penetrates the sartorius and arrives at the skin below the patella. A //
 * 344.6|Medial cutaneous branches of the leg; Rami cutanei cruris mediales| Branches of saphenous nerve to skin of the lower leg and foot. A //
 * 344.7| Lumbosacral trunk; Truncus lumbosacralis| Connection to the lumbar plexus formed by L5 and a  part of L4. A //
 * 344.8| SACRAL PLEXUS; Plexus sacralis| Plexus arising from L5−S3 and a part of L4 and S4, lying anterior to and beneath the fascia of the piriformis muscle beneath its fascia. Its nerves pass to the posterior side of the lower limb. A //.
 * 344.9| Nerve to obturator internus muscle; Nervus musculi obturatorii interni| Nerve that arises from L5−S2 and passes through the greater sciatic foramen into the ischioanal fossa from which it extends to the obturator internus muscle.//
 * 344.10| Nerve to  piriformis  muscle;   Nervus  musculi  piriformis| Nerve that arises from S1−2 and proceeds to the anterior side of the piriformis.//
 * 344.11| Nerve to quadratus femoris; Nervus musculi quadrati  femoris| Nerve  that  arises  from  L4−S1,  passes  through the greater sciatic foramen and proceeds  down to the quadratus femoris and the hip joint. //
 * 344.12| Superior gluteal  nerve;   Nervus  gluteus  superior|  Nerve that arises from L4−S1, passes through the  greater sciatic foramen cranial to the piriformis  “suprapiriform  foramen”  and  then  between  the gluteus medius and minimus as far as the  tensor fasciae latae. It supplies all of the abovementioned muscles except the piriformis. B //.
 * 344.13| Inferior gluteal neve; Nervus gluteus inferior| Nerve  that arises from L5−S2, passes through the infrapiriform  foramen  and  supplies  the  gluteus  maximus. B //
 * 344.14|Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus  femoralis posterior| Nerve that arises from S1−3,  passes through the greater sciatic foramen below  the  piriformis “infrapiriform  foramen”  and  supplies the skin on the posterior side of the  thigh and proximal portion of lower leg. B //
 * 344.15|Inferior clunial (gluteal)  rami;   Rami  clunium  (gluteales) inferiores| Cutaneous branches passing upward around the lower margin of the gluteus maximus. B //
 * 344.16|Perineal branches;   Rami  perineales|  Branches that arise from the lower margin of the gluteus  maximus and pass beneath the ischial tuberosity  medially  to  the  scrotum (labia).  One  of  the  branches ascends as far as the coccyx. B //.
 * 344. 16 a|Perforating cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus perforans| Ramus of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve supplying the skin of the anus. B //
 * 344.17|Sciatic nerve; Nervus ischiadicus (sciaticus)| Nerve that arises from L4−S3. It is the thickest nerve of  the body. It leaves the pelvis through the greater  sciatic foramen below the piriformis infrapiriform foramen and passes downward lateral to  the ischial tuberosity, beneath the gluteus maximus and the long head of the biceps. B //
 * 344.18|Common peroneal (fibular) nerve; Nervus fibularis communis|  Nerve  that  arises  from  L4−S2, branches off from the sciatic nerve at a variable level, passes in company with the biceps tendon as far as the posterior aspect of the head of the fibula and then crosses obliquely forward between the skin and fibula. B //
 * 344.19|Lateral sural  cutaneous  nerve;  Nervus cutaneus surae lateralis| It usually arises in the popliteal  fossa and supplies the skin on the lateral aspect of  the proximal 2/3 of the posterior side of the lower  leg. A B //
 * 344.20|Communicating branch of common peroneal (fibular) nerve; Ramus communicans fibularis|  It passes beneath the fascia over the lateral head  of the gastrocnemius and joins the medial sural  cutaneous nerve to form the sural nerve. B //
 * 344.21|Superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve; Nervus fibularis superficialis| One of the terminal branches of the  common fibular nerve. It descends between the  peroneal muscles and extensor digitorum longus.  AB //.
 * 344.22|Muscular branches; Rami musculares| Branches to the peroneus longus and brevis. //
 * 344.23|Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus dorsalis medialis| It runs over the extensor retinacula and supplies the skin of the dorsum of the  foot, the medial side of the big toe and the halves  of the 2nd and 3rd toes facing one another. A //
 * 344.24|Intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus dorsalis intermedius| Lateral cutaneous  branch  of  the  superficial  fibular  nerve  to  the  middle and lateral aspect of the dorsum of the  foot. A //
 * 344.25|Dorsal digital nerves of foot; Nervi|. Branches  for  all  toes  except  the  distal phalanges. A //.
 * 344.26|Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve; Nervus fibularis profundus| It proceeds beneath the peroneus longus, then  lateral  to  the  tibialis  anterior  muscle  to supply the dorsum of the foot. A B //
 * 344.27|Muscular branches;   Rami  musculares|  Rami passing to the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and brevis, and extensor digitorum longus and brevis muscles. A //
 * 344.28|Dorsal digital  nerves  of  lateral  surface  of great toe and of medial surface of second  toe; Nervi|. Sensory branches. A //.
 * 346.1|Tibial nerve; Nervus tibialis| Nerve arising from L4−  S3. It is the second terminal branch of the sciatic nerve. It passes through the popliteal fossa,  disappears beneath the tendinous arch of the  soleus muscle and proceeds, accompanied by  the posterior tibial artery, around the medial  malleolus to the sole of the foot. A //
 * 346.2|Muscular branches; Rami musculares| Rami to the gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus and the deep flexors at the lower leg. A //
 * 346.3| Interosseous nerve  of  leg;   Nervus  interosseus cruris| It is accompanied by the anterior tibial artery and contains fibers for the bones and tibiofibular joint. A //
 * 346.4| Medial sural cutaneous nerve; Nervus cutaneus  surae medialis| Nerve that arises from the tibial  nerve in the popliteal fossa, then descends subfascially lateral to the small saphenous vein and  joins the communicating branch of the common fibular nerve to form the sural nerve. A B //
 * 346.5| Sural nerve; Nervus suralis| Continuation of the medial sural cutaneous nerve after its union with the communicating branch of the common fibular nerve. B //
 * 346.6| Lateral dorsal  cutaneous  nerve;   Nervus  cutaneus  dorsalis lateralis| It passes to the lateral aspect  of the dorsum of the foot and anastomoses with  the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve. B //
 * 346.7| Lateral calcaneal branches; Rami calcanei laterales| Lateral branches to the calcaneus. B //
 * 346.8| Medial calcaneal  branches;   Rami calcanei  mediales| Branches arising directly from the tibial nerve. They pass to the medial aspect of the  calcaneus. B //.
 * 346.9| Medial plantar nerve; Nervus plantaris medialis|  The larger terminal branch of the tibial nerve. It  proceeds beneath the flexor retinaculum and  the abductor hallucis to the sole of the foot  which it supplies, as well as the skin and the  flexor  hallucis  brevis  and  flexor  digitorum  brevis. A //.
 * 346.10| Common plantar digital nerves; Nervi|. They course in the interval between toes 1−4 and divide to form the proper plantar digital nerves. A //.
 * 346.11| Proper plantar digital nerves; Nervi|. Cutaneous nerves passing on the tibial and fibular sides of the flexor aspect of  the medial 31/2  toes. They supply the distal  phalanges, including their dorsal aspect. A //
 * 346.12| Lateral plantar nerve; Nervus plantaris lateralis| Smaller terminal branch of the tibial nerve. It passes beneath the flexor digitorum brevis medial to the lateral plantar artery as far as the base of the 5th metatarsal bone. A //.
 * 346.13| Superficial branch; Ramus superficialis| Perdominantly sensory branch of lateral plantar nerve.  A //
 * 346.14|Common plantar digital nerves; Nervi|. Two branches, one passing to the little toe and giving off a branch to the flexor digiti minimi brevis, the other proceeding to the interval between the 4th and 5th toes.  A //.
 * 346.15|Proper plantar  digital  nerves; Nervi|. They pass to the fibular and tibial sides of the little toe as well as to the fibular side of the 4th toe. A //.
 * 346.16|Deep branch;   Ramus  profundus|  Muscular branch passing in company with the plantar arch to the interossei, adductor hallucis and the lateral three lumbrical muscles. A //
 * 346.17|Pudendal nerve;   Nervus  pudendus|  Arising  from S2−4, it passes through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis ”infrapiriform foramen” to the ischioanal fossa. C //
 * 346.18|Inferior rectal nerves; Nervi|. Fibers from S3−4 for the external anal sphincter and the anal skin. C //.
 * 346.19|Perineal nerves; Nervi|.  Collective term for the nerves of the perineum. //.
 * 346.20| Posterior  scrotal (labial)   nerves; Nervi|.  They  reach  the scrotum (labium majus) from behind. C //.
 * 346.21|Muscular branches; Rami musculares| They supply the muscles of the perineum. //
 * 346.22|Dorsal nerve  of  penis;   Nervus  dorsalis  penis| Paired nerves lying on the dorsum of the penis  with  branches  also  to  the  underside  of  the  penis. C //
 * 346.23|Dorsal nerve of clitoris; Nervus dorsalis clitoridis| Smaller  nerve  corresponding  to  the  dorsal nerve of the penis. C //
 * 346.24|Coccygeal nerve;   Nervus  coccygeus|  Last  spinal nerve.  It  emerges  between  the  coccyx  and  sacrum and anastomoses with S4−5 nerves. C //.
 * 346.25|Coccygeal plexus;   Plexus  coccygeus|  Nerve plexus formed by fibers from a part of S4, all of S5 and the coccygeal nerve. It supplies the skin over the coccyx. C //.
 * 346.26|Anococcygeal nerves; Nervi|. Several fine nerves from the coccygeal plexus. They pierce the anococcygeal ligament and supply the skin lying over it. C //
 * 348.1|AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; Pars autonomica  (systema  nervorum  autonomicum)|  It regulates the functions of the internal organs (viscera) by its influence on smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands.//
 * 348.2|AUTONOMIC (VISCERAL) PLEXUS; Plexus autonomici (viscerales)| Autonomic nerve plexuses mainly in front of the vertebral column at the branches of the aorta. //
 * 348.3|GANGLIA OF  AUTONOMIC  PLEXUS;   Ganglia plexuum    autonomicorum (visceralium)| Groups of ganglion cells scattered in the autonomic  plexuses  for  synaptic  connections  between pre- and postganglionic fibers. //
 * 348. 3a |PARS THORACICA AUTONOMICA; Thoracicpart of the autonomic nervous system| //.
 * 348.4|Thoracic aortic plexus; Plexus aorticus thoracicus| Autonomic nerve plexus around the aorta with fibers from the first five thoracic ganglia and the splanchnic nerve. It also contains afferent vagal fibers. B //.
 * 348.5|Cardiac plexus; Plexus cardiacus| Autonomic nerve plexus from sympathetic and vagal fibers  at the base of the heart, especially around the  arch of the aorta and at the root of the pulmonary trunk, as well as along the coronary vessels and between the aorta and tracheal bifurcation. B //
 * 348.6|Cardiac ganglia; Ganglia cardiaca| Small macroscopic accumulations of ganglion cells especially to the right of the ligamentum arteriosum. B //
 * 348.7|Esophageal plexus; Plexus oesophagealis| Network  of  autonomic  nerve  fibers  around  the esophagus. //
 * 348.8|Pulmonary branches; Rami pulmonales| Rami from the 3rd to 4th thoracic sympathetic ganglia, particularly to the posterior part of the pulmonary plexus. B //
 * 348.9|Pulmonary plexus; Plexus plumonalis| Plexus in front of and behind the hilum of the lung  formed by vagal and sympathetic fibers. It is  connected across the midline with the pulmonary plexus of the opposite side and with the  cardiac plexus. B //.
 * 348. 9a PARS ABDOMINALIS AUTONOMICA| Abdominal part of the autonomic nervous system; //|.
 * 348.10|Abdominal aortic  plexus;   Plexus  aorticus abdominalis| Nerve plexus in front of and on  both sides of the aorta. It extends from the  celiac plexus to the aortic bifurcation, receives  fibers from both upper lumbar ganglia and continues caudally into the superior hypogastric  plexus.//.
 * 348.11|Celiac plexus; Plexus coeliacus| Nerve plexus around the celiac trunk. It communicates with  adjacent plexuses and receives fibers from both  splanchnic nerves and from the vagus. A C //.
 * 348.12|Celiac ganglia; Ganglia coelica| Aggregations of ganglion cells communicating with the celiac plexus and lying to the right and left of the aorta by the celiac trunk. A //
 * 348.13|Aorticorenal ganglia;   Ganglia  aorticorenalia| Accumulations of ganglion cells at the exit of  the  renal  artery.  They  receive  the  lesser  splanchnic nerve and may be fused with the  celiac ganglia. A //.
 * 348.14|Superior  mesenteric   ganglion;    Ganglion mesentericum  superius|  Group  of  ganglion cells at the right and left of the aorta near the superior mesenteric artery and its branches. It is often fused with adjacent ganglia. A //.
 * 348.15|Intermesenteric plexus; Plexus intermesentericus| Nerve plexus between the superior and inferior mesenteric plexuses. A //
 * 348.16|Inferior  mesenteric   ganglion;    Ganglion mesentericum inferius| Ganglion cells located  entirely within the inferior mesenteric plexus.  A //
 * 348.17|Phrenic ganglia; Ganglia phrenica| Small accumulation of ganglion cells in the nerve plexus  accompanying the inferior phrenic artery. A //
 * 348.18|Hepatic plexus; Plexus hepaticus| Continuation of the celiac plexus at the liver with fibers from the vagus and phrenic nerves. A C //
 * 348.19|Splenic (lienal) plexus; Plexus splenicus (lienalis)| Extensions of the celiac plexus along the splenic artery to the spleen. A C //
 * 348.20|Gastric plexus;   Plexus  gastrici|  Autonomic nerve plexus for the stomach. The anterior and posterior part is formed by the vagus, the left part is a continuation of the celiac plexus along the left gastric artery. C //.
 * 348.21|Pancreatic plexus; Plexus pancreaticus| Continuation of the celiac plexus along the pancreatic vessels. C //
 * 348.22|Suprarenal plexus; Plexus suprarenalis| Continuation of the celiac plexus along the suprarenal vessels with preganglionic fibers for the suprarenal medulla. A //
 * 348.23|Renal plexus; Plexus renalis| Nerve plexus continued onto the renal artery. It also contains vagal fibers. A //.
 * 348.24|Renal ganglia; Ganglia renalis| Microscopically small groups of ganglion cells dispersed within the renal plexus. A //
 * 348.25|Ureteric plexus;   Plexus  uretericus|  Nerve plexus along the ureter with fibers from the renal and abdominal aortic plexuses and the aorticorenal ganglia. A //
 * 348.26|Testicular plexus;   Plexus  testicularis|  Nerve plexus along the testicular artery. It extends as far as the testis and receives fibers from the renal and abdominal aortic plexuses. A //.
 * 348.27|Ovarian plexus;   Plexus  ovaricus|  Autonomic nerve  plexus  along  the  ovarian  artery  with  fibers  from  the  abdominal  aortic  and  renal  plexuses. A //
 * 348.28|Superior mesenteric plexus; Plexus mesentericus superior| Nerve plexus accompanying the  superior mesenteric artery and its branches. It  contains  sympathetic  fibers  from  the  celiac  plexus  and  parasympathetic  fibers  from  the  vagus nerve. A //.
 * 350.1|Inferior mesenteric plexus; Plexus mesentericus inferior|  Continuation  of  the  abdominal  aortic plexus along the inferior mesenteric artery including its branches. D //
 * 350.2|Superior rectal plexus; Plexus rectalis superior| Continuation of the inferior mesenteric plexus on the superior rectal artery and rectum. It also contains parasympathetic fibers from the inferior hypograstric plexus. D //.
 * 350.3|Enteric plexus; Plexus entericus| Collective term for the autonomic plexuses in the wall of the intestinal tract.//
 * 350.4|Subserosal plexus; Plexus subserosus| Fine autonomic  plexus  located  directly  beneath  the  serosa. C //
 * 350.5|Myenteric (Auerbach’s)  plexus;   Plexus  myentericus Auerbach| Prominent plexus situated between  the  longitudinal  and  circular  muscle layers. It contains ganglion cells and regulates the peristaltic action of the intestine. C //.
 * 350.6|Submucosal (Meissner’s) plexus; Plexus submucosus Meissner| Prominent plexus occupying the submucosa. It contains ganglion cells and  regulates the activity of the muscularis mucosae  and villi. C //.
 * 350.7|Iliac plexus;  Plexus iliaci|  Continuation  of the abdominal aortic plexus onto both iliac arteries.  DE //
 * 350.8|Femoral plexus; Plexus femoralis| Continuation of the iliac plexus onto the femoral artery. E //
 * 350. 8a |PARS PELVICA AUTONOMICA; Pelvic part of the autonomic nervous system|//.
 * 350.9|Superior hypogastric plexus (presacral nerve); Plexus hypogastricus superior (n| praesacralis). Plexus-like connection between the abdominal aortic and inferior hypogastric plexuses located predominantly in front of the 5th  lumbar vertebral body and receiving branches from the lumbar sympathetic ganglia. D E //.
 * 350.10|Right/left hypogastric nerve; Nervus hypogastricus dexter/sinister| Right and left branches of the superior hypogastric plexus to the pelvic viscera.  They communicate with the inferior hypogastric  plexus. D E //.
 * 350.11|Inferior hypogastric  plexus  (pelvic  plexus);  Plexus hypogastricus inferior (plexus pelvicus)|  Network  of  sympathetic  and  parasympathetic  fibers located to the right and left of the rectum and in front of it. D //
 * 350.12|Middle rectal  plexus;   Plexus  rectalis  medius| Continuation of the inferior hypogastric plexus onto the wall of the rectum. E //
 * 350.13|Inferior rectal  plexus;   Plexus  rectalis  inferior| Autonomic  nerve  plexus  located  around  the branches of the internal iliac artery and passing to both sides of the rectum. E //
 * 350.14|Prostatic plexus;   Plexus  prostaticus|  Nerve plexus mainly located at the posterior and inferior surfaces of the prostate and extending as far as the membranous part of the urethra. E //
 * 350.15|Deferential plexus; Plexus deferentialis| Nerve plexus around the ductus deferens. E //
 * 350.16|Uterovaginal  plexus;    Plexus   uterovaginalis| Nerve plexus occupying the parametrium and infiltrated with many ganglia. It sends branches to the uterus, vagina, uterine tube and ovary and communicates  with  the  inferior  hypogastric plexus in the rectouterine fold. D //.
 * 350.17|Vaginal nerves; Nervi vaginales| Branches of the uterovaginal plexus passing to the vagina. D //
 * 350.18|Vesical plexus; Plexus vesicalis| Plexus situated on both sides of the urinary bladder. It contains parasympathetic fibers and is involved in regulating the voiding mechanism of the urinary bladder. E //.
 * 350.19|Cavernous nerves of penis; Nervi|. Rami from the prostatic plexus to the cavernous bodies of the penis. E //.
 * 350.20|Cavernous nerves of clitoris; Nervi cavernosi clitoridis| cavernosi clitoridis. Nerves corresponding to the cavernous nerves of the penis. E //.
 * 350.21|SYMPATHETIC PART (SYSTEM); Pars sympathetica|  Thoracolumbar  part  of  the  autonomic nervous system represented in the sympathetic trunk. Excitable by adrenalin (adrenergic), it has a stimulatory effect on the circulation and an inhibitory effect on the intestinal tract.//.
 * 350.22|Sympathetic trunk;   Truncus  sympatheticus| Chain of ganglia connected by nerve fibers. It lies to the right and left of the vertebral column and extends from the base of the skull to the coccyx. B //.
 * 350.23|Ganglia of  sympathetic  trunk;   Ganglia  trunci sympathetici| Groups of small, mostly multipolar  ganglion cells producing macroscopic thickenings and forming synaptic sites between myelinated preganglionic and nonmyelinated postganglionic fibers. B //
 * 350.24|Interganglionic branches;   Rami  interganglionares| Bundles of white and gray fibers linking the sympathetic ganglia. B //
 * 350.25|Rami communicates; | Communicating branches (afferent and efferent) between the spinal nerves and sympathetic trunk. B //
 * 350.26|Intermediate ganglia; Ganglia intermedia| Additional  accumulations  of  sympathetic  ganglion cells mainly in the rami communicantes of the cervical and lumbar regions. B //
 * 350.27|Superior cervical ganglion; Ganglion cervicale superius|  Uppermost  sympathetic  trunk  ganglion, about 2.5 cm long and lying 2 cm below the base of the skull between the longus capitis and posterior belly of the digastric. A //.
 * 350.28|Jugular nerve; Nervus jugularis| Branch to the inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve and to the superior ganglion of the vagus. A //
 * 350.29|Internal carotid nerve; Nervus caroticus internus| It contains postganglionic fibers and forms the internal carotid plexus in the carotid canal. A //
 * 350.30|Internal carotid plexus; Plexus caroticus internus| Nerve plexus in the carotid canal giving rise to the deep petrosal nerve and branches to the inner ear. It supplies the eye with sympathetic fibers. A //.
 * 350.31|External carotid  nerves; Nervi  carotici  externi|  carotici  externi. Nerves for the external carotid plexus descending along the external carotid artery. A//.
 * 352.1|External carotid plexus; Plexus caroticus externus| Autonomic nerve plexus around the external carotid artery. A //
 * 352.2|Common carotid plexus; Plexus caroticus communis| It surrounds the common carotid artery. A //
 * 352.3|Laryngopharyngeal  branches;    Rami   laryngopharyngeales|  Postganglionic  fibers  to  the pharyngeal plexus. A //
 * 352.4|Superior cervical  cardiac  nerve;  Nervus  cardiacus cervicalis superior| Fibers to the cardiac plexus. A //
 * 352.5|Middle cervical ganglion; Ganglion cervicale medium| Often very small ganglion of the sympathetic trunk that lies at the level of C6 in front of or behind the inferior thyroid artery. A E //
 * 352.6|Vertebral ganglion; Ganglion vertebrale| Small accessory ganglion usually on the vertebral artery  in front of its entrance into the foramen transversarium. A //
 * 352.7|Middle cervical cardiac nerve; Nervus cardiacus cervicalis medius| It passes from the middle cervical ganglion to the deep part of the cardiac plexus. A //
 * 352.8|Cervicothoracic (stellate) ganglion;   Ganglion cervicothoracicum (stellatum)| Fusion of the inferior cervical ganglion with the 1st or, in many cases (ca. 75%) 2nd thoracic ganglion. A E //.
 * 352.9|Ansa subclavia; | Cord of nerve fibers forming a loop around the subclavian artery. A //
 * 352.10|Inferior cervical  cardiac  nerve;   Nervus  cardiacus cervicalis inferior| It passes to the deep part of the cardiac plexus. A //
 * 352.11|Subclavian plexus; Plexus subclavius| Autonomic nerve plexus around the subclavian artery. A//
 * 352.12|Vertebral nerve; Nervus vertebralis| Located behind the vertebral artery; it forms the vertebral plexus.  A //
 * 352.13|Vertebral plexus; Plexus vertebralis| Network of nerves around the vertebral artery. A //
 * 352.14|Thoracic ganglia; Ganglia thoracica| 11−12 thickenings in the thoracic sympathetic trunk. A E//
 * 352.15|Thoracic  cardiac   branches;    Rami   cardiaci thoracici| Rami with efferent and afferent (pain) fibers passing from T2−4(5) thoracic ganglia to the cardiac plexus. A E //
 * 352. 15 a|Thoracic plumonary branches; Rami pulmonales thoracici| Efferent fibers from T2−4 ganglia to the pulmonary plexus at the lung hilum.//
 * 352. 15 b Esophageal branches| Rami oesophageales; Efferent fibers from T2−5 ganglia| //.
 * 352.16|Greater splanchnic nerve; Nervus splanchnicus major| It passes from sympathetic trunk ganglia 5−9(10)  to the celiac ganglion and contains pre- and post ganglionic fibers which conduct pain and other sensations from the upper abdominal organs. E  //
 * 352.17|Thoracic splanchnic ganglion; Ganglion thoracicum  splanchnicum|  Accessory  ganglion  at  the level of T9. It is incorporated into the greater splanchnic nerve. E //.
 * 352.18|Lesser splanchnic nerve; Nervus splanchnicus minor| Arises from sympathetic trunk ganglia 9−11 and is similar to the greater splanchnic nerve. E //
 * 352.19|Renal branch; Ramus renalis| Occasional branch from the lesser splanchnic nerve to the renal  plexus. E //
 * 352.20|Lowest splanchnic nerve; Nervus splanchnicus imus| It often arises independently from the T12 ganglion and passes to the renal plexus. E //
 * 352.21|Lumbar ganglia;   Ganglia  lumbalia  (lumbaria)| The sympathetic ganglia of the lumber vertebral column, usually four on either side. B //
 * 352.22|Lumber splanchnic  nerves;   Nervi  splanchnici lumbales (lumbares)| Usually four nerves from the  lumbar sympathetic trunk forming a plexus on L5.  B //
 * 352.23|Sacral ganglia; Ganglia sacralia| Four smaller ganglia lying medial to the pelvis sacral foramina. B //
 * 352.24|Sacral splanchnic  nerves;   Nervi  splanchnici sacrales| Two to three fine nerves from sacral ganglia 2−4. B //
 * 352.25|Ganglion impar; Last unpaired sympathetic trunk ganglion lying in front of the coccyx| B //.
 * 352.26|PARASYMPATHETIC PART (SYSTEM); Pars parasympathetica| Craniosacral component of the autonomic nervous system involving cranial nerves  III, VII, IX, and X and sacral spinal nerves 2−4. Antagonistic to the sympathetic division, it slows  down the heart beat and stimulates intestinal and  sexual functions. //.
 * 352.26 a Cranial part| Pars cranialis; //|.
 * 352.27|Terminal nerve; Nervus terminalis| A slender, partly interwoven nerve of unknown function, but probably autonomic. It unites the olfactory region with the anterior perforated substance. C //.
 * 352.28|Terminal ganglion; Ganglion terminale| It comprises all of the ganglion cells dispersed in the terminal nerves.//
 * 352.29|Ciliary ganglion; Ganglion ciliare| Located lateral to the optic nerve. It receives preganglionic fibers from the oculomotor nerve and gives off postganglionic fibers which constrict the pupil and con.tract the ciliary muscles during accomodation. D  //
 * 352.30|Pterygopalatine ganglion;   Ganglion  pterygopalatinum| Nerve that lies lateral to the sphenopalatine foramen, receives motor fibers from the  facial nerve via the nerve of the pterygoid canal  and supplies the lacrimal and nasal glands. D //
 * 352.31|Otic ganglion; Ganglion oticum| Situated below the foramen ovale and medial to the mandibular nerve. It receives motor fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve via the lesser petrosal nerve and innvervates the parotid gland. D //.
 * 352.32|Submandibular ganglion;   Ganglion  submandibulare| Located along the lingual nerve below  the mandible. It receives motor fibers from the facial nerve via the chorda tympani and sends efferent fibers to the sublingual and submandibular  glands. D //.
 * 352.33|Sublingual ganglion; Ganglion sublinguale| Small accumulations of cells occasionally present on the glandular branches.//
 * 352. 33 a |Pelvic part (Pars pelvica); Sacral part of parasympathetic division|//.
 * 352.34|Pelvic splanchnic nerves; Nervi pelvici splanchnici (nn| pelvici splanchnici (nn. erigentes). Parasympathetic fibers from S2−4 spinal nerves to the pelvic ganglia for the pelvic  and genital organs. They also contain afferent  fibers. B //.
 * 352.35|Pelvic ganglia; Ganglia pelvica| Groups of autonomic cells in the inferior hypogastric plexus. They  give rise to the postganglionic axons. See p. 351 E //
 * 354.1|; SENSE ORGANS| Organa sensoria (sensuum). In the narrow sense, the organs of vision, hearing, smell and taste..
 * 354.2|ORGAN OF VISION;  Organum visus (visuale)|.
 * 354.3|EYE; Oculus|.
 * 354.4|Optic nerve; Nervus opticus| Fiber bundle beginning  in the retina and extending as far as the optic  chiasm.  Histologically  and  embryologically  speaking, it is the tract of the brain that is accordingly enclosed by meninges up to the posterior aspect of the eyeball. Its axons have no  neurilemma (sheath of Schwann) but are myelinated. The myelin sheath is formed by the oligodendroglia. A C E //.
 * 354.5|Intracranial part; Pars intracranialis| Segment of the optic nerve betweeen the optic canal and the chiasm. E //
 * 354.6| Intracanalicular part;  Pars  intracanicularis|  Segment of the optic nerve located in the optic  canal. It is partially connected with the canal  wall. E //.
 * 354.7|Orbital part; Pars orbitalis| Slightly tortuous  segment of the optic nerve measuring about 3 cm in length and occupying the orbit. E//
 * 354.8|Intraocular part; Pars intraocularis| Segment of  optic nerve located in the wall of the eyeball. //
 * 354.9| Postlaminar part;   Pars  postlaminaris|  Intraocular segment located behind the lamina  cribrosa and thus at the site where the external  sheath of the optic nerve (dura) blends into the  sclera. A //
 * 354.10| Intralaminar part;   Pars  intralaminaris|  Intraocular segment lying within the lamina cribrosa. A //
 * 354.11| Prelaminar part; Pars preliminaris| Intraocular  segment  extending  between  the  lamina  cribrosa and the nerve fiber layer of the retina. A //
 * 354.12| External sheath; Vagina externa| Dural covering of the optic nerve extending up to the eyeball. A //
 * 354.13| Internal sheath;   Vagina  interna|  Pia  and arachnoid coverings acoompanying the optic nerve to the eyeball. A //
 * 354.14| Intervaginal spaces;   Spatia  intervaginalia| Subarachnoid  space  accompanying  the  optic nerve  and  the  capillary  space  between  the arachnoid and dura. A //
 * 354.15| Eyeball; Bulbus oculis| Globe of the eye. It consists of the cornea and sclera together with all of the structures they enclose. D //.
 * 354.16| Anterior pole; | Polus anterior (center of anterior curvature) of the eyeball, which is determined by the corneal vertex. D //
 * 354.17| Posterior pole; | Polus posterior (center of posterior curvature) of the eyeball, which lies lateral to the exit of the optic nerve and opposite to the  anterior pole. D //
 * 354.18| Equator; Aequator| Greatest circumference of the eyeball located equidistant from the anterior and posterior poles. D //
 * 354.19|Meridians; Meridiani| Semicircles oriented at right angles to the equator between the anterior and posterior poles. D. //.
 * 354.20|External axis of eyeball; Axis bulbi externus| Line connecting anterior and posterior poles. C//
 * 354.21|Internal axis of eyeball; Axis bulbi internus| Distance from posterior surface of cornea to the inner surface of retina measured along an imaginary line (external axis of eyeball) through the anterior and posterior poles. C //
 * 354.22|Optic axis; Axis opticus| Line passing through the midline of the cornea and lens and bisecting  the retina between the fovea centralis and optic  disc. C //
 * 354.23|FIBROUS TUNIC  OF  EYEBALL;   Tunica fibrosa bulbi| External wall of eyeball comprising the cornea and sclera. C //
 * 354.24|Sclera; | The bluish-white outer coat of the eyeball, which consists of irregulatory arranged collagenous fibers visible through the conjunctiva. A B C //
 * 354.25|Scleral sulcus; Sulcus sclerae| Shallow groove between the cornea and sclera caused by the greater curvature of the cornea. B C D //
 * 354.26|Corneoscleral junction; Limbus| The concave border of the sclera adjacent to the cornea. B//
 * 354.27|Trabecular meshwork  (pectinate  ligament);  Reticulum   trabeculare (lig| pectinatum)  spongium  iridocorneale.  Connective  tissue  framework at the iridocorneal (filtration) angle.//.
 * 354.28|Corneoscleral part; Pars corneoscleralis| Part of the meshwork attached to the sclera. B //
 * 354.29|Uveal part; Pars uvealis| Part of the trabecular meshwork attached to the iris. B //
 * 354.30|Canal of  Schlemm;   Sinus  venosus  sclerae| Circular vessel occupying the interior aspect of the trabecular meshwork. It can be interrupted or doubled and is involved in the discharge of  .aqueous humor from the anterior chamber. B //
 * 354.31|Episclera;  Lamina  episcleralis|  Delicate  displaceable connective tissue between the outer surface  of  the  sclera  and  Tenon’s  capsule (bulbar fascia). //
 * 354.32|Substantia propria  sclerae  corneal  stroma; | The proper substance, i.e., main part of the sclera. It consists of irregularly arranged collagenous fibers with sparse elastic fibers. A B //.
 * 354.33|Lamina fusca sclerae; | Layer of loose connective tissue connecting the sclera and the choroid lying below it. It appears yellowish owing to the pigment cells dispersed within it. A //.
 * 354.34|Lamina cribrosa; | Fine, perforated layer of the slcera for the passage of optic nerve fibers from the retina. A  //
 * 354.32|Substantia propria  sclerae  corneal  stroma; | The proper substance, i.e., main part of the sclera. It consists of irregularly arranged collagenous fibers with sparse elastic fibers. A B //.
 * 354.33|Lamina fusca sclerae; | Layer of loose connective tissue connecting the sclera and the choroid lying below it. It appears yellowish owing to the pigment cells dispersed within it. A //.
 * 354.34|Lamina cribrosa; | Fine, perforated layer of the slcera for the passage of optic nerve fibers from the retina. A  //