501-550


 * 1) Sentence ID: 501

commissural fibers have already been described.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 502

3.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 503

The association fibers unite different parts of the same hemisphere : The association fibers are of two kinds :


 * 1) Sentence ID: 504

( 1 ) those connecting adjacent gyri, short association fibers. ( 2 ) those passing between more distant parts, long association fibers.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 505

The short association fibers lie immediately beneath the gray substance of the cortex of the hemispheres. The short association fibers connect together adjacent gyri.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 506

The long association fibers include the following : ( a ) the uncinate fasciculus. The long association fibers include the following : ( b ) the cingulum. The long association fibers include the following : ( c ) the superior longitudinal fasciculus. The long association fibers include the following : ( d ) the inferior longitudinal fasciculus. The long association fibers include the following : ( e ) the perpendicular fasciculus. The long association fibers include the following : ( f ) the occipitofrontal fasciculus. The long association fibers include the following : ( g ) the fornix.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 508

( a ) The uncinate fasciculus passes across the bottom of the lateral fissure. ( a ) The uncinate fasciculus unites the gyri of the frontal lobe with the anterior end of the temporal lobe.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 509

( b ) The cingulum is a band of white matter contained within the cingulate gyrus.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 510

Beginning in front at the anterior perforated substance, cingulum passes forward and upward parallel with the rostrum. Beginning in front at the anterior perforated substance, cingulum winds around the genu. Beginning in front at the anterior perforated substance, cingulum runs backward above the corpus callosum. Beginning in front at the anterior perforated substance, cingulum turns around the splenium. Beginning in front at the anterior perforated substance, cingulum ends in the hippocampal gyrus.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 511

( c ) The superior longitudinal fasciculus passes backward from the frontal lobe above the lentiform nucleus ; ( c ) The superior longitudinal fasciculus passes backward from the frontal lobe above the insula ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 511

some of superior longitudinal fasciculus 's fibers end in the occipital lobe. others curve downward and forward into the temporal lobe.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 512

( d ) The inferior longitudinal fasciculus connects the temporal and occipital lobes, running along the lateral walls of the inferior and posterior cornua of the lateral ventricle.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 513

( e ) The perpendicular fasciculus runs vertically through the front part of the occipital lobe. ( e ) The perpendicular fasciculus connects the inferior parietal lobule with the fusiform gyrus.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 514

( f ) The occipitofrontal fasciculus passes backward from the frontal lobe, along the lateral border of the caudate nucleus ; ( f ) The occipitofrontal fasciculus passes backward from the frontal lobe, on the mesial aspect of the corona radiata ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 514

occipitofrontal fasciculus 's fibers radiate in a fan-like manner. occipitofrontal fasciculus 's fibers pass into the occipital and temporal lobes lateral to the posterior and inferior cornua.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 515

Déjerine regards the fibers of the tapetum as being derived from this fasciculus. Déjerine regards the fibers of the tapetum as being derived not from the corpus callosum.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 516

( g ) The fornix connects the hippocampal gyrus with the corpus mammillare ( see page 839 ). ( g ) The fornix connects the hippocampal gyrus by means of the thalamomammillary fasciculus, with the thalamus ( see page 839 ).


 * 1) Sentence ID: 517

Through the fibers of the hippocampal commissure fornix probably also unites the opposite hippocampal gyri.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 518

The gray substance of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 1 ) gray substance of the cerebral cortex. The gray substance of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) gray substance of the caudate nucleus. The gray substance of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) gray substance of the the lentiform nucleus. The gray substance of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) gray substance of the the claustrum. The gray substance of the hemisphere is divided into : ( 2 ) gray substance of the the nucleus amygdalæ.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 520

Structure of the Cerebral Cortex - The cerebral cortex differs in thickness and structure in different parts of the hemisphere.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 521

cerebral cortex is thinner in the occipital region than in the anterior and posterior central gyri. cerebral cortex is also much thinner at the bottom of the sulci than on the top of the gyri.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 522

Again, the minute structure of the anterior central differs from minute structure of the posterior central gyrus. Again, areas possessing a specialized type of cortex can be mapped out in the occipital lobe.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 523

On examining a section of the cortex with a lens, cortex is seen to consist of alternating white and gray layers thus disposed from the surface inward :


 * 1) Sentence ID: 524

( 1 ) a thin layer of white substance. ( 2 ) a layer of gray substance. ( 3 ) a second white layer ( outer band of Baillarger or band of Gennari ). ; ( 4 ) a second gray layer. ( 5 ) a third white layer ( inner band of Baillarger ). ( 6 ) a third gray layer, which rests on the medullary substance of the gyrus.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 525

The cortex is made up of nerve cells of varying size and shape. The cortex is made up of nerve fibers which are either medullated or naked axis-cylinders, imbedded in a matrix of neuroglia.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 526

Nerve Cells.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 527

- According to Cajal, cortex 's nerve cells are arranged in four layers , named from the surface inward as follows : ( 1 ) the molecular layer , ( 2 ) the layer of small pyramidal cells , ( 3 ) the layer of large pyramidal cells , ( 4 ) the layer of polymorphous cells.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 529

The Molecular Layer.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 530

- In Molecular Layer the cells are polygonal, triangular , or fusiform in shape.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 531

Each polygonal cell gives off some four or five dendrites, while polygonal cell 's axon may arise directly from the cell or from one of polygonal cell 's dendrites.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 532

Each triangular cell gives off two or three dendrites, from one of which the axon arises.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 533

The fusiform cells are placed with their long axes parallel to the surface. The fusiform cells are mostly bipolar, each pole being prolonged into a dendrite , which runs horizontally for some distance. The fusiform cells are mostly bipolar, each pole being furnishes ascending branches.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 534

Their axons, two or three in number , arise from the dendrites. Their axons, like them , take a horizontal course , giving off numerous ascending collaterals.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 535

The distribution of the axons and dendrites of all three sets of cells is limited to the molecular layer.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 536

The Layer of Small Pyramidal Cells. the Layer of Large Pyramidal Cells.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 537

- The cells in The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large Pyramidal Cells may be studied together, since , with the exception of the difference in size , The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large Pyramidal Cells resemble each other. - The cells in The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large Pyramidal Cells may be studied together, since , with the exception of the more superficial position of the smaller cells , The Layer of Small and the Layer of Large Pyramidal Cells resemble each other.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 538

The average length of Small is from 10 to 15μ ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 538

The average length of the Large Pyramidal Cells from 20 to 30μ.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 539

The body of Small and is pyramidal in shape, its base being directed to the deeper parts and its apex toward the surface.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 540

Small and contains granular pigment. Small and stains deeply with ordinary reagents.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 541

Small and 's nucleus is of large size, and round or oval in shape.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 542

The base of the cell gives off the axis cylinder. this runs into the central white substance, giving off collaterals in its course. this is distributed as a projection, commissural , or association fiber.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 543

The apical and basal parts of the cell give off dendrites ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 543

the apical dendrite is directed toward the surface. the apical dendrite ends in the molecular layer by dividing into numerous branches, all of which may be seen , when prepared by the silver or methylene-blue method , to be studded with projecting bristle-like processes.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 544

The largest pyramidal cells are found in the upper part of the anterior central gyrus ; The largest pyramidal cells are found in the paracentral lobule ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 544

largest pyramidal cells are often arranged in groups or nests of from three to five. largest pyramidal cells are named the giant cells of Betz.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 545

In anterior central gyrus giant cells of Betz may exceed 50μ in length , In anterior central gyrus giant cells of Betz may exceed 40μ in breadth ,


 * 1) Sentence ID: 545

while in the paracentral lobule giant cells of Betz may attain a length of 65μ.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 546

Layer of Polymorphous Cells.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 547

- The cells in Layer of Polymorphous Cells, as their name implies , are very irregular in contour ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 547

Polymorphous Cells may be fusiform, oval , triangular , or star-shaped.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 548

Polymorphous Cells 's dendrites are directed outward ; Polymorphous Cells 's dendrites do not reach so far as the molecular layer ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 548

Polymorphous Cells 's axons pass into the subjacent white matter.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 549

There are two other kinds of cells in the cerebral cortex.


 * 1) Sentence ID: 550

two other kinds of cells in the cerebral cortex are : ( a ) the cells of Golgi ,


 * 1) Sentence ID: 551

the axons of cells of Golgi divide immediately after their origins into a large number of branches, which are directed toward the surface of the cortex ;


 * 1) Sentence ID: 551

( b ) the cells of Martinotti ,